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Deborah Wolfson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of Conation in determining the differential variance among brain damaged and nonbrain damaged persons across a broad range of neuropsychological tests
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2005Co-Authors: Ralph M Reitan, Deborah WolfsonAbstract:Conation, or the ability to apply one's abilities purposefully, persistently and effectively as required by the task at hand, has been considered historically to be an important element of psychology, but has been relatively neglected in clinical neuropsychology. Nevertheless, Conation may well be a significant missing variable in predicting a person's success in practical situations based on neuropsychological test scores. This study listed 19 tests from the Halstead-Reitan battery in order of their predicted dependence on Conation. Differences between a brain-damaged group and a control group were determined through computation of t-ratios. The rank-ordering of the 19 tests according to their requirement of Conation and the magnitude of the t-ratios were closely correlated, yielding a rank-difference coefficient of 0.84. These results suggest that Conation is a strong factor in determining differential performances on neuropsychological tests. Further research is required to identify the role of Conation in determining the ecological validity of neuropsychological test results.
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the differential effect of Conation on intelligence test scores among brain damaged and control subjects
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2004Co-Authors: Ralph M Reitan, Deborah WolfsonAbstract:Abstract Conation, or the ability to apply effective effort in completing a task over time, has been shown to be impaired in brain-damaged subjects. Various intelligence tests differ in the apparent extent to which they require conative ability. In this study we compared results earned by brain-damaged and control groups on three measures of intelligence: Wechsler Verbal IQ (VIQ), Wechsler Performance IQ (PIQ), and the Henmon–Nelson Test (HNT) of Mental Ability. Test scores were converted to T -score distributions for the combined groups in order to delete possible effects of differences in standardization procedures and the normative samples on which IQ scores were generated. The degree of impairment shown by the brain-damaged subjects was in direct relationship to the extent to which the three intelligence measures appear to require Conation. The results support a generalization that intelligence tests that require a greater conative ability tend to produce lower scores for brain-damaged persons, as compared to controls, than do intelligence tests that are less demanding of Conation.
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Conation a neglected aspect of neuropsychological functioning
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2000Co-Authors: Ralph M Reitan, Deborah WolfsonAbstract:Conation, which involves the ability to apply oneself diligently and productively to the completion of a task over time, was compared in groups with and without evidence of brain damage. Both groups were administered tests that ranged from tasks that were presented by an examiner one item at a time (minimal Conation), to a task that required the subject to work independently for 30 minutes, with instructions to work as quickly and as accurately as possible. In this study it was not possible to control test content perfectly, but all tasks were primarily verbal in nature. The subjects with brain damage, compared to the controls, showed progressive impairment in accordance with the degree to which the tasks were judged to require conative ability. Conation, which has been a neglected dimension of behavior in neuropsychological assessment, may be the missing link between cognitive ability and prediction of performance capabilities in everyday life. Additional research is needed to investigate further this apparently significant aspect of neuropsychological functioning.
Ralph M Reitan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of Conation in determining the differential variance among brain damaged and nonbrain damaged persons across a broad range of neuropsychological tests
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2005Co-Authors: Ralph M Reitan, Deborah WolfsonAbstract:Conation, or the ability to apply one's abilities purposefully, persistently and effectively as required by the task at hand, has been considered historically to be an important element of psychology, but has been relatively neglected in clinical neuropsychology. Nevertheless, Conation may well be a significant missing variable in predicting a person's success in practical situations based on neuropsychological test scores. This study listed 19 tests from the Halstead-Reitan battery in order of their predicted dependence on Conation. Differences between a brain-damaged group and a control group were determined through computation of t-ratios. The rank-ordering of the 19 tests according to their requirement of Conation and the magnitude of the t-ratios were closely correlated, yielding a rank-difference coefficient of 0.84. These results suggest that Conation is a strong factor in determining differential performances on neuropsychological tests. Further research is required to identify the role of Conation in determining the ecological validity of neuropsychological test results.
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the differential effect of Conation on intelligence test scores among brain damaged and control subjects
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2004Co-Authors: Ralph M Reitan, Deborah WolfsonAbstract:Abstract Conation, or the ability to apply effective effort in completing a task over time, has been shown to be impaired in brain-damaged subjects. Various intelligence tests differ in the apparent extent to which they require conative ability. In this study we compared results earned by brain-damaged and control groups on three measures of intelligence: Wechsler Verbal IQ (VIQ), Wechsler Performance IQ (PIQ), and the Henmon–Nelson Test (HNT) of Mental Ability. Test scores were converted to T -score distributions for the combined groups in order to delete possible effects of differences in standardization procedures and the normative samples on which IQ scores were generated. The degree of impairment shown by the brain-damaged subjects was in direct relationship to the extent to which the three intelligence measures appear to require Conation. The results support a generalization that intelligence tests that require a greater conative ability tend to produce lower scores for brain-damaged persons, as compared to controls, than do intelligence tests that are less demanding of Conation.
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Conation a neglected aspect of neuropsychological functioning
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2000Co-Authors: Ralph M Reitan, Deborah WolfsonAbstract:Conation, which involves the ability to apply oneself diligently and productively to the completion of a task over time, was compared in groups with and without evidence of brain damage. Both groups were administered tests that ranged from tasks that were presented by an examiner one item at a time (minimal Conation), to a task that required the subject to work independently for 30 minutes, with instructions to work as quickly and as accurately as possible. In this study it was not possible to control test content perfectly, but all tasks were primarily verbal in nature. The subjects with brain damage, compared to the controls, showed progressive impairment in accordance with the degree to which the tasks were judged to require conative ability. Conation, which has been a neglected dimension of behavior in neuropsychological assessment, may be the missing link between cognitive ability and prediction of performance capabilities in everyday life. Additional research is needed to investigate further this apparently significant aspect of neuropsychological functioning.
M. Manyalich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Benefits of Transplant Procurement Management (TPM) specialized training on professional competence development and career evolutions of health care workers in organ donation and transplantation.
Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation, 2020Co-Authors: Melania G Istrate, Gisela Páez, Rosa Valero, Tyler R Harrison, Susan E Morgan, Quan Zhou, Gábor Rébék-nagy, M. ManyalichAbstract:Training on organ donation and transplantation is relevant for transplantation improvement. This study aimed at investigating the perceived benefits of Transplant Procurement Management training programs on professional competence development and career evolutions of health care workers in organ donation and transplantation. An online survey was developed in 5 languages (Spanish, English, Italian, French, and Portuguese) and its link was emailed to 6839 individuals. They were asked to forward it to other professionals in organ donation and transplantation. The link was also shared on Facebook and at relevant congresses. Two research questions on the perceived influence of specialized training programs were identified. A total of 1102 participants (16.1%) took the survey; 87% reported participating in Transplant Procurement Management training programs, of which 95% selected Transplant Procurement Management courses as the most influential training they had participated in. For research question one, 98% reported influence on knowledge (score 4.5 [out of 5]), 93% on technical (4.2) and communication skills (4.1), 89% on attitude toward organ donation and transplantation (4.1), 92% on motivation to work (4.2), 91% on desire to innovate (4.0), 87% and 79% on ability to change organ donation and trans plantation practices (3.9) and policies (3.5). For research question 2, main and interaction effects for position at the time of training and type of training were reported. Transplant Procurement Management training programs had positive perceived effects.
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benefits of transplant procurement management tpm specialized training on professional competence development and career evolutions of health care workers in organ donation and transplantation
Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation, 2015Co-Authors: Melania G Istrate, Gisela Páez, Rosa Valero, Tyler R Harrison, Susan E Morgan, Quan Zhou, Gabor Rebeknagy, M. ManyalichAbstract:Abstract O : Training on organ donation andtransplantation is relevant for transplantationimprovement. This study aimed at investigating theperceived benefits of Transplant ProcurementManagement training programs on professionalcompetence development and career evolutions ofhealth care workers in organ donation andtransplantation. M M: An online survey wasdeveloped in 5 languages (Spanish, English, Italian,French, and Portuguese) and its link was emailed to6839 individuals. They were asked to forward it toother professionals in organ donation and trans-plantation. The link was also shared on Facebookand at relevant congresses. Two research questionson the perceived influence of specialized trainingprograms were identified. R: A total of 1102 participants (16.1%) tookthe survey; 87% reported participating in Trans-plant Procurement Management training programs,of which 95% selected Transplant ProcurementManagement courses as the most influentialtraining they had participated in. For researchquestion one, 98% reported influence on knowledge(score 4.5 [out of 5]), 93% on technical (4.2) andcommunication skills (4.1), 89% on attitude towardorgan donation and transplantation (4.1), 92% onmotivation to work (4.2), 91% on desire to innovate(4.0), 87% and 79% on ability to change organdonation and transplantation practices (3.9) andpolicies (3.5). For research question 2, main andinteraction effects for position at the time oftraining and type of training were reported.
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Transplant Procurement Management - Donation and Transplantation Institute (TPM - DTI): A new formula to success in organ donation
2013Co-Authors: M. ManyalichAbstract:Organ transplantation is a well-defined, successful therapy for end-stage organ failure patients, which would not be possible without a parallel system focused on deceased organ donation. An adequate donor procurement organisation seems to be the key to achieving a sustained increase in donation rates: an adequate legal framework, a central office in support of the entire process, experienced and innovative transplant teams, in-house transplant coordinators, quality control systems and investment in training and educating health professionals provide a constant growth in the organisation of organs for procurement and transplantation. The most effective model for organ donation worldwide is the Spanish one - with a donation rate of 35.3 pmp in 2011. Donation figures were compared before and after the implementation of the European Training Program on Organ Donation (ETPOD) intervention, showing an increase of cadaveric donors detected and organs procured. Transplant Procurement Management (TPM) - a refinement of the ETPOD program, provides demand-driven, high-quality organ donation and transplant coordinator training that facilitates the transfer of knowledge and professional competencies. Its graduates form an excellent, worldwide network of donation professionals. TPM boasts a network of 9144 qualified, trained professionals from 101 countries that sustain the program in their local area. TPM has created and disseminated educational resources throughout Europe and the United States.
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Organ procurement: Spanish transplant procurement management
Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals, 2011Co-Authors: M. Manyalich, Gisela Páez, Rosa Valero, Carlos A. Mestres, Chloe Balleste, María Paula GómezAbstract:Transplantation is an accepted therapeutic option to save or improve the quality of life when organ failure occurs or tissue replacements are needed. However, the lack of organs is the major limitation. The deceased organ procurement organization and professionals provide the solution to this international problem. In this review, we identify the elements involved in the organ procurement management process to analyze the possibility of implementation of deceased organ procurement for a transplantation program. While the donation rates are subject to several negative factors including religious, economic, cultural, and legal issues, the existence of well-trained professionals may considerably increase them. Professional training in organ donation along with the establishment of a solid organizational system has been identified as the crucial factor in developing efficient organ donation and transplantation programs.
David Talbot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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liver transplantation using donation after cardiac death donors
Journal of Hepatology, 2012Co-Authors: Diethard Monbaliu, Jacques Pirenne, David TalbotAbstract:Summary The success of solid organ transplantation has brought about burgeoning waiting lists with insufficient donation rates and substantial waiting list mortality. All countries have strived to expand donor numbers beyond the standard Donation after Brain Death (DBD). This has lead to the utilization of Donation after Cardiac Death (DCD) donors, also frequently referred to as Non-Heart Beating Donors (NHBD). Organs from these donors inevitably sustain warm ischaemic damage which varies in its extent and affects early graft function as well as graft survival. As a consequence, ‘non-vital' organs such as renal transplants have increased rapidly from DCD donors but more ‘vital' organ transplants such as the liver have lagged behind. However, an increasing proportion of liver transplants are now derived from DCD donors. This article covers this expansion, current results, pitfalls, and steps taken to minimize complications and to improve outcome, and future developments that are likely to occur.
Douglas W Hanto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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asts recommended practice guidelines for controlled donation after cardiac death organ procurement and transplantation
American Journal of Transplantation, 2009Co-Authors: David J Reich, David C Mulligan, Peter L Abt, Timothy L Pruett, Michael Messod Abecassis, Angelo Dalessandro, Elizabeth A Pomfret, Richard B Freeman, James F Markmann, Douglas W HantoAbstract:The American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) champions efforts to increase organ donation. Controlled donation after cardiac death (DCD) offers the family and the patient with a hopeless prognosis the option to donate when brain death criteria will not be met. Although DCD is increasing, this endeavor is still in the midst of development. DCD protocols, recovery techniques and organ acceptance criteria vary among organ procurement organizations and transplant centers. Growing enthusiasm for DCD has been tempered by the decreased yield of transplantable organs and less favorable posttransplant outcomes compared with donation after brain death. Logistics and ethics relevant to DCD engender discussion and debate among lay and medical communities. Regulatory oversight of the mandate to increase DCD and a recent lawsuit involving professional behavior during an attempted DCD have fueled scrutiny of this activity. Within this setting, the ASTS Council sought best-practice guidelines for controlled DCD organ donation and transplantation. The proposed guidelines are evidence based when possible. They cover many aspects of DCD kidney, liver and pancreas transplantation, including donor characteristics, consent, withdrawal of ventilatory support, operative technique, ischemia times, machine perfusion, recipient considerations and biliary issues. DCD organ transplantation involves unique challenges that these recommendations seek to address.