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Aldo Steinfeld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • packed bed thermal storage for Concentrated Solar Power pilot scale demonstration and industrial scale design
    Solar Energy, 2012
    Co-Authors: Giw Zanganeh, Andrea Pedretti, Simone Zavattoni, Maurizio Barbato, Aldo Steinfeld
    Abstract:

    A thermal energy storage system, consisting of a packed bed of rocks as storing material and air as high-temperature heat transfer fluid, is analyzed for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) applications. A 6.5 MWhth pilot-scale thermal storage unit immersed in the ground and of truncated conical shape is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated to generate thermoclines. A dynamic numerical heat transfer model is formulated for separate fluid and solid phases and variable thermo-physical properties in the range of 20–650 °C, and validated with experimental results. The validated model is further applied to design and simulate an array of two industrial-scale thermal storage units, each of 7.2 GWhth capacity, for a 26 MWel round-the-clock Concentrated Solar Power plant during multiple 8 h-charging/16 h-discharging cycles, yielding 95% overall thermal efficiency.

Ghalya Pikra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Absorber Layer Addition and Thermal Storage Media Comparison for Concentrated Solar Power Plant Optimization
    Energy Procedia, 2020
    Co-Authors: Tinton Dwi Atmaja, Ghalya Pikra
    Abstract:

    Abstract Electricity generation from Concentrated Solar Power plant can be optimized on its storage system or its receiver system. This paper conducts a review of how to optimize the Concentrated Solar Power plant by increasing the stored energy capacity or by stabilizing the absorptance and emittance in the Solar absorber. The additional stages in the CSP may increase thermal efficiency. The stages consist of two oriented Solar absorber to create superheated steam fed to the steam turbine and one regenerator to optimally regenerate heat for working fluid before pumped to Solar absorber. A suitable treatment for superheated steam from Solar absorber can optimally supply the turbine with a continually stable steam. The continuous stable steam can be controlled using steam accumulator right before the superheated steam fed into turbine. The thermal energy storage in the cycle can be optimally selected based on the stored energy capacity per kg of compared material used. The final modification was made using recently developed absorber material of hafnium molybdenum nitride to create four layer tandem absorber of HfMoN(H)/HfMoN(L)/HfON/Al2O3. The tandem absorber indicates a stable absorptance and emittance up until 600 °C (in vacuum) and 525 °C (in air). The final configuration believed to enhance the thermal stability for high temperature Concentrated Solar Power plant application.

  • Absorber layer addition and thermal storage media comparison for Concentrated Solar Power plant optimization
    Energy Procedia, 2013
    Co-Authors: Tinton Dwi Atmaja, Ghalya Pikra
    Abstract:

    Electricity generation from Concentrated Solar Power plant can be optimized on its storage system or its receiver system. This paper conducts a review of how to optimize the Concentrated Solar Power plant by increasing the stored energy capacity or by stabilizing the absorptance and emittance in the Solar absorber. The additional stages in the CSP may increase thermal efficiency. The stages consist of two oriented Solar absorber to create superheated steam fed to the steam turbine and one regenerator to optimally regenerate heat for working fluid before pumped to Solar absorber. A suitable treatment for superheated steam from Solar absorber can optimally supply the turbine with a continually stable steam. The continuous stable steam can be controlled using steam accumulator right before the superheated steam fed into turbine. The thermal energy storage in the cycle can be optimally selected based on the stored energy capacity per kg of compared material used. The final modification was made using recently developed absorber material of hafnium molybdenum nitride to create four layer tandem absorber of HfMoN(H)/HfMoN(L)/HfON/Al2O3. The tandem absorber indicates a stable absorptance and emittance up until 600°C (in vacuum) and 525°C (in air). The final configuration believed to enhance the thermal stability for high temperature Concentrated Solar Power plant application. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  • development of small scale Concentrated Solar Power plant using organic rankine cycle for isolated region in indonesia
    Energy Procedia, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ghalya Pikra, Agus Salim, Budi Prawara, Andri Joko Purwanto, Tri Admono, Zaidan Eddy
    Abstract:

    Abstract Electrification ratio in Indonesia by the end of 2011 was about 74%. This means that 26% of the population does not have electricity. Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) is developing small scale Concentrated Solar Power plant using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) that can be operated in remote, isolated areas or small islands. Some constraints of electrification in these areas are the cost of integrated grid construction is relatively high, the limitation of energy resources and the population of the area is relatively small. Reseach in Concentrated Solar Power (parabolic trough) has been carried out by LIPI since 2010. A stand-alone Power unit (“off grid”) by utilizing local energy resources, especially renewable energy, will be constructed by LIPI. A hybrid system of Solar thermal and biomass energy can be a suitable choice to solve the electricity problem in the area. This option is based on the relatively good potential intensity of Solar energy in some areas of Indonesia which is daily average intensity is about 4.8 kWh/m2/day. This paper presents a series of activities in developing a Concentrated Solar Power plant which includes the conceptual design of the small-scale system with the capacity of 10kW.

L. A. Perez-maqueda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Multicycle activity of natural CaCO3 minerals for thermochemical energy storage in Concentrated Solar Power plants
    Solar Energy, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mónica Benítez-guerrero, Pedro E. Sánchez-jiménez, Antonio Perejon, Jose Manuel Valverde, L. A. Perez-maqueda
    Abstract:

    Abstract Thermochemical energy storage in Concentrated Solar Power plants by means of the Calcium-Looping process is a promising novel technology that would allow for a higher share of renewables. A main benefit of this technology is the use of widely available, non-toxic and environmentally friendly calcium carbonate minerals as raw materials to store energy. Efficient integration of the Calcium-Looping process into Concentrated Solar Power plants involves the endothermic calcination of CaCO3 in the Solar receiver while the exothermic carbonation of CaO is carried out at high temperature under high CO2 partial pressure. The heat released by this reaction is carried out by the excess CO2 and employed for Power generation by means of a closed CO2 cycle. This work explores the multicycle Calcium-Looping performance of naturally occurring CaCO3 minerals such as limestone, chalk and marble for thermochemical energy storage in Concentrated Solar Power plants. Despite their similar composition (almost pure CaCO3), these minerals exhibit a significant difference in their Calcium-Looping multicycle activity, which may be attributed to differences in particle size and microstructure. Pore plugging at the Calcium-Looping conditions for thermochemical energy storage tested in our work is a main limiting mechanism on the multicycle CaO carbonation activity.

  • Large-Scale Storage of Concentrated Solar Power from Industrial Waste
    ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2017
    Co-Authors: Antonio Perejon, Juan Miranda-pizarro, Pedro E. Sánchez-jiménez, Jose Manuel Valverde, L. A. Perez-maqueda
    Abstract:

    Deep penetration of renewable energies into the grid relies on the development of large-scale energy storage technologies using cheap, abundant, and nontoxic materials. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is particularly suitable to massively store thermal energy for dispatchable electricity generation. This is currently accomplished in a few demonstration plants by using molten salts albeit in a not competitive way yet. Process simulation studies indicate that thermochemical energy storage of CSP by means of the calcium looping (CaL) technology would reduce the cost of storage and increase the flexibility of energy supply provided that widely available and cheap CaO precursors with high and stable multicycle activity are used. In this work, we investigate the behavior of calcium rich steel slag at CaL conditions that would expectedly maximize the efficiency of CSP energy storage and Power production. When treated with acetic acid, this nontoxic widely abundant waste yields a CaO rich solid with stable convers...

  • Large-Scale Storage of Concentrated Solar Power from Industrial Waste
    ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2017
    Co-Authors: Antonio Perejon, Juan Miguel Valverde, Juan Miranda-pizarro, Pedro E. Sánchez-jiménez, L. A. Perez-maqueda
    Abstract:

    Deep penetration of renewable energies into the grid relies on the development of large-scale energy storage technologies using cheap, abundant, and nontoxic materials. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is particularly suitable to massively store thermal energy for dispatchable electricity generation. This is currently accomplished in a few demonstration plants by using molten salts albeit in a not competitive way yet. Process simulation studies indicate that thermochemical energy storage of CSP by means of the calcium looping (CaL) technology would reduce the cost of storage and increase the flexibility of energy supply provided that widely available and cheap CaO precursors with high and stable multicycle activity are used. In this work, we investigate the behavior of calcium rich steel slag at CaL conditions that would expectedly maximize the efficiency of CSP energy storage and Power production. When treated with acetic acid, this nontoxic widely abundant waste yields a CaO rich solid with stable conversion near 0.8 over successive carbonation/calcination cycles at these CaL conditions.

Rong Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • operation optimization strategy for wind Concentrated Solar Power hybrid Power generation system
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2018
    Co-Authors: Yong Yang, Rong Li
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper presents a new hybrid system to reduce wind curtailment and improve scheduling flexibility. This hybrid system includes a wind farm, a Concentrated Solar Power plant with thermal energy storage, and an electric heater. The major role of the electric heater is to convert the redundant wind Power into thermal energy, and the thermal energy is stored in the thermal energy storage of the Concentrated Solar Power plant. The optimal scheduling of this hybrid system is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming problem to maximize the profit subjected to technical constraints. The effects of the electric heater on the system are studied under different weather conditions. The test results show that the electric heater is helpful for reduction of the both deviation from generation plan and wind curtailment. The maximum relative deviation falls from 5.15% to 0% during the clear sky day, and 47.49% to 31.74% during the partial cloudy day. The wind curtailment rate decreases by 52.59% and 100% for clear and partial cloudy days, respectively. An annual simulation for the system shows that the overall daily cumulative deviations of the new system are significantly decreased, and the wind curtailment can be reduced by greater than 90% for 151 days, validating the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Didier Aussel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • economical optimization of thermochemical storage in Concentrated Solar Power plants via pre scenarios
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2018
    Co-Authors: David Salas, E Tapaches, Nathalie Mazet, Didier Aussel
    Abstract:

    Abstract Thermal storage is a key point for the development of Concentrated Solar Power technologies. This article aims to develop a methodology for the optimization, from an economic point of view, of a Concentrated Solar Power plant with thermal storage. It addresses two original aspects: (1) it incorporates a thermochemical storage process; (2) it considers the integration of the Power plant’s production in electricity SPOT markets that present strong price variations over the day, week, and seasons. The strategies of production defining the Storage/Storage-Production/Discharge phases must be optimized with regard to these variable prices. The relevant economic criteria is no more the usual Levelized Cost of Energy, but the Net Present Value, which considers also the revenues of the plant. The required optimization involves two sets of distinct variables which are optimized simultaneously: the physic variables of the thermochemical storage (defining its stored energy and its thermal Power) and the operational/strategy variables, that define non-classic storage/production strategies adapted for the price curves. To take into account the time dependent feature of the problem, the notion of pre-scenarios is introduced, which allow to treat the problem, naturally formulated as an optimal control problem, under the classic setting of differentiable optimization. Under this scope, a solution for the optimal design problem of the plant is proposed. First results are presented for a Californian case. This first step highlights the improvement with respect to the classical production strategy (i.e. one storage discharge after sunset).