The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chetan Nayak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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condensed matter Physics marching to a different quantum beat
Nature, 2017Co-Authors: Chetan NayakAbstract:Periodic oscillations are common in nature but they generally decay or fall out of phase. Two experiments have found evidence for a Floquet time crystal, which is characterized by persistent in-phase oscillations. See Letters p.217 & p. 221 Much like ordinary crystals, time crystals exhibit a high degree of structural order. But whereas ordinary crystals get their periodicity from the regular repetition of spatial elements, time crystals are an exotic, non-equilibrium state of matter in which the same structures repeat themselves in time. Predicted to exist a few years ago, time crystals have so far resisted experimental demonstration. Now, two groups offer evidence for experimental observation of this elusive form of matter. Jiehang Zhang et al. create a specific kind of time crystal—a discrete time crystal—in a chain of ten trapped ions under the influence of periodic driving. Mikhail Lukin and colleagues achieve a similar feat using approximately one million nitrogen–vacancy spin impurities in diamond as an experimental platform. In both cases, the time-crystalline order is shown to be robust to external perturbations. Such time crystals could potentially find applications in robust quantum memory.
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condensed matter Physics bringing the noise
Nature, 2010Co-Authors: Chetan NayakAbstract:Noise is usually viewed as the bane of measurements. But a neat experiment has confirmed a long-standing prediction for an exotic electronic state of matter through the increase of noise in charge transmission.
T F Rosenbaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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condensed matter Physics transitions on triangles
Nature, 2011Co-Authors: T F RosenbaumAbstract:An exquisitely sensitive technique shows that a magnetic field only a few hundred times greater than Earth's can bring an exotic phase of matter known as a quantum spin liquid to an ordered magnetic state.
Eugene B Kolomeisky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural analog to cosmology in basic condensed matter Physics
Physical Review B, 2019Co-Authors: Eugene B KolomeiskyAbstract:We show that the spatially homogeneous and isotropic evolution of a macroscopic Coulomb system of identical particles obeys equations that have the structure of the cosmological equations of the general theory of relativity. There is a Hubble law, and the background charge (if present) mimics the effect of a negative cosmological constant. Specifically, Coulomb explosions mimic the non-singular open cosmologies in negatively curved spaces, while breathing modes in conductors model oscillatory universes including the anti-de Sitter space.
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natural analog to cosmology in basic condensed matter Physics
Physical Review B, 2019Co-Authors: Eugene B KolomeiskyAbstract:What do charge oscillations in conductors and expansion of the Universe have in common? More than meets the eye as the author demonstrates. A collection of identical charged particles in the presence of a uniform compensating background charge could evolve as if the system were part of an expanding or contracting homogeneous and isotropic Universe with the ``wrong'' sign of interaction: while gravity is attractive, the charges repel each other. Otherwise, the equations of motion are identical with the cosmological equations of general theory of relativity.
K S Novoselov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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graphene new bridge between condensed matter Physics and quantum electrodynamics
Solid State Communications, 2007Co-Authors: M I Katsnelson, K S NovoselovAbstract:Abstract Graphene is the first example of truly two-dimensional crystals—it is just one layer of carbon atoms. It turns out to be a gapless semiconductor with unique electronic properties resulting from the fact that charge carriers in graphene demonstrate charge-conjugation symmetry between electrons and holes and possess an internal degree of freedom similar to “chirality” for ultrarelativistic elementary particles. It provides an unexpected bridge between condensed matter Physics and quantum electrodynamics (QED). In particular, the relativistic Zitterbewegung leads to the minimum conductivity of the order of conductance quantum e 2 / h in the limit of zero doping; the concept of Klein paradox (tunneling of relativistic particles) provides an essential insight into electron propagation through potential barriers; vacuum polarization around charge impurities is essential for understanding of high electron mobility in graphene; an index theorem explains the anomalous quantum Hall effect.
Ernesto Medina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Classical Yang-Mills theory in condensed matter Physics
European Journal of Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Bertrand Berche, Ernesto MedinaAbstract:Gauge field theory approaches have been used extensively in recent times to discuss the physical consequences of spin-orbit interactions in condensed matter Physics. An SU(2) x U(1) gauge theory is very naturally borne out and provides an illustrative example of classical Yang-Mills field theory at work. This approach may serve as an exemplification of non-Abelian field theories for students in a general Physics curriculum. It allows one to introduce discussions on fundamental ideas like Noether currents, the gauge symmetry principle, gauge symmetry breaking and non-linear Yang-Mills equations in very concrete physical situations that make them accessible to a broad audience.
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classical yang mills theory in condensed matter Physics
arXiv: Other Condensed Matter, 2012Co-Authors: Bertrand Berche, Ernesto MedinaAbstract:Recently, gauge field theory approaches were extensively used in order to discuss the physical consequences of spin-orbit interactions in condensed matter Physics. An SU(2)$\times$U(1) gauge theory is very naturally borne out and provides an illustrative example of a classical Yang-Mills field theory at work. This approach may serve as an exemplification of non-Abelian field theories for students in general Physics curriculum. It allows to introduce discussions on fundamental ideas like Noether currents, gauge symmetry principle, gauge symmetry breaking and non linear Yang Mills equations in very concrete physical situations that makes it accessible to a broad audience.
