The Experts below are selected from a list of 21948 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

M. Fröhlich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Coupling of transit time instabilities in electrostatic Confinement Fusion devices
    Physics of Plasmas, 2015
    Co-Authors: J. Gruenwald, M. Fröhlich
    Abstract:

    A model of the behavior of transit time instabilities in an electrostatic Confinement Fusion reactor is presented in this letter. It is demonstrated that different modes are excited within the spherical cathode of a Farnsworth fusor. Each of these modes is dependent on the Fusion products as well as the acceleration voltage applied between the two electrodes and they couple to a resulting oscillation showing non-linear beat phenomena. This type of instability is similar to the transit time instability of electrons between two resonant surfaces but the presence of ions and the occurring Fusion reactions alter the physics of this instability considerably. The physics of this plasma instability is examined in detail for typical physical parameter ranges of electrostatic Confinement Fusion devices.

Riccardo Betti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Inertial-Confinement Fusion with lasers
    Nature Physics, 2016
    Co-Authors: Riccardo Betti, Omar Hurricane
    Abstract:

    The quest for controlled Fusion energy has been ongoing for over a half century. The demonstration of ignition and energy gain from thermonuclear fuels in the laboratory has been a major goal of Fusion research for decades. Thermonuclear ignition is widely considered a milestone in the development of Fusion energy, as well as a major scientific achievement with important applications in national security and basic sciences. The US is arguably the world leader in the inertial Confinement approach to Fusion and has invested in large facilities to pursue it, with the objective of establishing the science related to the safety and reliability of the stockpile of nuclear weapons. Although significant progress has been made in recent years, major challenges still remain in the quest for thermonuclear ignition via laser Fusion. Here, we review the current state of the art in inertial Confinement Fusion research and describe the underlying physical principles. The quest for energy production from controlled nuclear Fusion reactions has been ongoing for many decades. Here, the inertial Confinement Fusion approach, based on heating and compressing a fuel pellet with intense lasers, is reviewed.

  • Thermonuclear ignition in inertial Confinement Fusion and comparison with magnetic Confinement
    Physics of Plasmas, 2010
    Co-Authors: Riccardo Betti, Robert L. Mccrory, K.s. Anderson, Po-yu Chang, B. K. Spears, John Edwards, M. Fatenejad, J. D. Lindl, R. Nora, Dov Shvarts
    Abstract:

    The physics of thermonuclear ignition in inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) is presented in the familiar frame of a Lawson-type criterion. The product of the plasma pressure and Confinement time Pτ for ICF is cast in terms of measurable parameters and its value is estimated for cryogenic implosions. An overall ignition parameter χ including pressure, Confinement time, and temperature is derived to complement the product Pτ. A metric for performance assessment should include both χ and Pτ. The ignition parameter and the product Pτ are compared between inertial and magnetic-Confinement Fusion. It is found that cryogenic implosions on OMEGA [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] have achieved Pτ∼1.5 atm s comparable to large tokamaks such as the Joint European Torus [P. H. Rebut and B. E. Keen, Fusion Technol. 11, 13 (1987)] where Pτ∼1 atm s. Since OMEGA implosions are relatively cold (T∼2 keV), their overall ignition parameter χ∼0.02–0.03 is ∼5× lower than in JET (χ∼0.13), where the average temp...

Jürgen Meyer-ter-vehn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Prospects of inertial Confinement Fusion
    Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 1997
    Co-Authors: Jürgen Meyer-ter-vehn
    Abstract:

    The present status of inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) is briefly reviewed, emphasizing the National Ignition Facility (NIF) project in the US and the Megajoule project in France. Critical aspects of target performance such as symmetry and stability of capsule implosions and interaction physics in hohlraum targets are discussed. The advantages of heavy-ion beam drivers and corresponding research programs are pointed out with reference to the long-term prospects for ICF power production. The new concept of the fast ignition of precompressed fuel by petawatt, picosecond laser pulses is also covered. The laser plasma group at the Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics (MPQ) is one of the European institutes funded by EURATOM for an ICF keep-in-touch activity, and we highlight results obtained at MPQ relevant to the recent progress of ICF.

J. Gruenwald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Coupling of transit time instabilities in electrostatic Confinement Fusion devices
    Physics of Plasmas, 2015
    Co-Authors: J. Gruenwald, M. Fröhlich
    Abstract:

    A model of the behavior of transit time instabilities in an electrostatic Confinement Fusion reactor is presented in this letter. It is demonstrated that different modes are excited within the spherical cathode of a Farnsworth fusor. Each of these modes is dependent on the Fusion products as well as the acceleration voltage applied between the two electrodes and they couple to a resulting oscillation showing non-linear beat phenomena. This type of instability is similar to the transit time instability of electrons between two resonant surfaces but the presence of ions and the occurring Fusion reactions alter the physics of this instability considerably. The physics of this plasma instability is examined in detail for typical physical parameter ranges of electrostatic Confinement Fusion devices.

Yasushi Yamamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Beam optics in inertial electrostatic Confinement Fusion
    Review of Scientific Instruments, 2000
    Co-Authors: Masami Ohnishi, Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, Chikara Hoshino, Kai Masuda, Yasushi Yamamoto
    Abstract:

    We study the transport of ions and electrons near the cathode of the inertial electrostatic Confinement Fusion that is expected to be a portable neutron source. We carry out a PIC particle simulation in order to obtain the self-consistent electrostatic potential and the transparency of the cathode for the accelerated ions. The transparency is shown to be much less than a geometrical transparency and possesses a strong dependence on the energy of ions. The increase of the applied voltage results in larger neutron production due to increased Fusion cross section and also increased ion current by the improved transparency.

  • Preliminary Studies of Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Experiments
    Fusion Technology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Yasushi Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, Hisayuki Toku, Mitsunori Hasegawa, Takashi Matsuo
    Abstract:

    Preliminary inertial-electrostatic Confinement Fusion experiments have been carried out using hydrogen gas, and measurements of the light from a plasma core were made. The life time of charged particles in gridded IECF configuration is found to be longer than in the conventional spherical electrode discharges. The light intensity is found to be proportional to about 2/3 power of the input power. 9 refs., 6 figs.