The Experts below are selected from a list of 124920 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gregory T. Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On Construct Validity: Issues of Method and Measurement.
Psychological assessment, 2005Co-Authors: Gregory T. SmithAbstract:Fifty years ago, L. J. Cronbach and P. E. Meehl (1955) advocated for the concept of Construct Validity, noting that psychologists study hypothetical, inferred entities and that validating measures of such entities involves basic theory testing. Three important developments in clinical assessment following that seminal article are noteworthy. First, clinical research has benefited from greater theoretical integration and subsequent differentiation among related Constructs. Second, implementation of ongoing, critical evaluation of all aspects of the Construct Validity process, including theory development, hypothesis specification, research design, and empirical evaluation, has improved clinical assessment. Third, improvement in evaluating fit between hypotheses and observations has been sought. Improved means of evaluating multitrait, multimethod designs, and ways to increase their clinical representativeness, are one encouraging development. Ongoing efforts to improve the Construct Validity process reflect the legacy of L. J. Cronbach and P. E. Meehl.
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On the Complexity of Quantifying Construct Validity: Reply.
Psychological assessment, 2005Co-Authors: Gregory T. SmithAbstract:To validate a measure of a Construct is to validate a theory: The process includes theory specification, theory elaboration, choice of methods, choice of research design, reliance on necessary auxiliary theories, and empirical observation. Evaluating the success of the process is likely to be enhanced through quantification. To date, scientists have quantified the final step of empirical observation, but earlier steps in the validation process appear more difficult to measure. In this issue, D. Westen and R. Rosenthal (2005) emphasize that threats to Validity are often methodological ones that precede empirical observation. Yet, their earlier attempt to quantify Construct Validity focused only on the final, empirical observation step of the process. For that reason, it can produce positive results despite real theoretical and methodological threats to Validity. Nonetheless, the laudable attempt by these distinguished authors to quantify Construct Validity reminds us of the complexity of the Construct validation process.
Stephen Attwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Construct Validity of the promis laparoscopic simulator
Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, 2009Co-Authors: Michael G C Pellen, Liam Horgan, Roger J Barton, Stephen AttwoodAbstract:Background Laparoscopic surgery challenges both the surgical novice and experienced open surgeon with unique psychomotor adaptations. Surgical skills assessment has historically relied on subjective opinion and case experience. Objective performance metrics have stimulated much interest in surgical education over the last decade and proficiency-based simulation has been proposed as a paradigm shift in surgical skills training. New assessment tools must be subjected to scientific validation. This study examined the Construct Validity of a hybrid laparoscopic simulator with in-built motion tracking technology.
Michael G C Pellen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Construct Validity of the promis laparoscopic simulator
Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, 2009Co-Authors: Michael G C Pellen, Liam Horgan, Roger J Barton, Stephen AttwoodAbstract:Background Laparoscopic surgery challenges both the surgical novice and experienced open surgeon with unique psychomotor adaptations. Surgical skills assessment has historically relied on subjective opinion and case experience. Objective performance metrics have stimulated much interest in surgical education over the last decade and proficiency-based simulation has been proposed as a paradigm shift in surgical skills training. New assessment tools must be subjected to scientific validation. This study examined the Construct Validity of a hybrid laparoscopic simulator with in-built motion tracking technology.
Austin S. Baldwin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Examining the Construct Validity of affective judgments of physical activity measures.
Psychological assessment, 2016Co-Authors: Michael Chmielewski, Margarita Sala, Rui Tang, Austin S. BaldwinAbstract:Affective judgments of physical activity have emerged as important predictors of physical activity and interventions targeting affective judgments are a promising approach to improving regular physical activity. Currently, measures assessing a variety of potentially distinct Constructs are treated as interchangeable assessments of affective judgments of physical activity. Moreover, little is known about the Construct Validity of the purported measures of this Construct. We review several components of Construct Validity; highlighting their importance for health psychology research. Then, we examine the Construct Validity of a wide variety of affective judgment of physical activity measures in MTurk and student samples. Cronbach's alpha for the included measures was uniformly high; however, several scales contained excessively redundant items that ultimately lessen their Construct Validity. Moreover, dependability estimates for the majority of measures was poor, indicating high levels of transient measurement error. The included measures significantly predicted levels of physical activity; however, their relative predictive power was strongly associated with their dependability. In general, the affective judgment measures demonstrated poor convergent Validity suggesting they are not interchangeable and best viewed as assessing distinct, albeit related, Constructs. Another important limitation of these measures is that they exhibited poor discriminant Validity from exercise self-efficacy, which represents an important theoretical and empirical issue for the field of health behavior research. Overall, the current findings indicate the available affective judgments of physical activity measures are suboptimal, have considerable Construct Validity limitations, and thereby prevent the further advancement of science, theory, and intervention development in this promising area of research. (PsycINFO Database Record
Robert Rosenthal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantifying Construct Validity: two simple measures.
Journal of personality and social psychology, 2003Co-Authors: Drew Westen, Robert RosenthalAbstract:Construct Validity is one of the most central concepts in psychology. Researchers generally establish the Construct Validity of a measure by correlating it with a number of other measures and arguing from the pattern of correlations that the measure is associated with these variables in theoretically predictable ways. This article presents 2 simple metrics for quantifying Construct Validity that provide effect size estimates indicating the extent to which the observed pattern of correlations in a convergent-discriminant Validity matrix matches the theoretically predicted pattern of correlations. Both measures, based on contrast analysis, provide simple estimates of Validity that can be compared across studies, Constructs, and measures meta-analytically, and can be implemented without the use of complex statistical procedures that may limit their accessibility.