The Experts below are selected from a list of 236355 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stanislas F. Dubois - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Connecting organic to mineral: How the physiological state of an ecosystem-engineer is linked to its habitat structure
Ecological Indicators, 2019Co-Authors: Amelia Curd, Louise B. Firth, Flavia L. D. Nunes, Fabrice Pernet, Charlotte Corporeau, Lizenn Delisle, Stanislas F. DuboisAbstract:The honeycomb worm Sabellaria alveolata is capable of building extensive bioConstructions, including what are currently considered Europe's largest biogenic reefs. The size and volume of these bioConstructions, however, vary greatly, such that not all habitats engineered by S. alveolata may be easily identified as reefs. Given that European environmental legislation protects marine habitats that are classified as "reefs", it is important to identity a clear set of definition criteria. Furthermore, quantifiable and unequivocal criteria are also needed to evaluate the ecological (health) state of these reefs, in order to best monitor and protect them. Here we propose new terminology to describe the physical appearance of these bioConstructions and attempt to link these physical criteria to the physiological state of the tube-building polychaete. We tested whether a bioConstruction displaying outward signs of growth is built by "healthy" worms devoid of physiological stress by analysing three macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids), four polar lipid fatty acids, six neutral lipid fatty acid markers and three metabolic enzymes (citrate synthase, catalase and superoxide dismutase). The worms were sampled in bioConstructions of different "Type" (veneer vs. hummock), "Phase" (progradation vs. retrogradation), and "Shore Level" (high shore vs. low shore) at Champeaux in Mont-Saint-Michel Bay, France. Our results show that worms sampled in retrograding reefs (i.e. displaying signs of erosion and colonisation by epibionts such as oysters or mussels), were less physiologically stressed than worms sampled in prograding bioConstructions, possibly due to lower intraspecific competition and hence greater food availability. We therefore suggest management measures should encompass the whole mosaic of biogenic Construction Types and Phases. We propose the inclusion of the polar lipid fatty acid arachidonic acid, in combination with the activity of two metabolic enzymes, citrate synthase and superoxide dismutase, as the three key biochemical markers to consider for quantitative information on the physiological state of this particular ecosystem engineer. Our results also revealed the influence of both sex and size on fatty acid and enzyme levels, highlighting the importance of taking into account both these variables when sampling and subsequently pooling individuals by sex and size category for laboratory analyses. Once seasonal and site variation have been addressed, these biochemical indicators could be examined in parallel with S. alveolata bioConstruction physical criteria as part of a European-wide protocol for monitoring ecological status in this potential reef habitat.
Carlo Romeo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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support decision tool for sustainable energy requalification the existing residential building stock the case study of trevignano romano
Energies, 2020Co-Authors: Fabrizio Cumo, Federica Giustini, Elisa Pennacchia, Carlo RomeoAbstract:The control and improvement of energy-environmental quality in buildings are responsible for almost 40% of the emissions related to energy and processes, and are essential to achieve the commitment of the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) United Nations (UN). This paper provides a support tool to planners and administrators of the territory for the identification of interventions aimed at the energy requalification of the existing Italian building heritage, mainly for residential use. The purpose of this tool is to reduce energy consumption by intervening on the building envelope with specific solutions that are identified through a matrix resulting from the study. In the first part of the study, an analysis was carried out on various factors such as the existing residential building, the building and Construction Types and the materials of the envelope typical of each Construction period, which are critical for energy efficiency issues. In the second part of the study, the analysis of the state of the art of the insulating materials existing on the international and national market was carried out, in order to standardize the efficiency interventions of the building envelope. By exploiting the potential of the proposed matrix, and integrating it with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, it would be possible to create a database containing information regarding the characteristics of the building envelope of the residential building stock and to identify a set of insulation interventions more suited to each specific case near Rome, Italy.
Amelia Curd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Connecting organic to mineral: How the physiological state of an ecosystem-engineer is linked to its habitat structure
Ecological Indicators, 2019Co-Authors: Amelia Curd, Louise B. Firth, Flavia L. D. Nunes, Fabrice Pernet, Charlotte Corporeau, Lizenn Delisle, Stanislas F. DuboisAbstract:The honeycomb worm Sabellaria alveolata is capable of building extensive bioConstructions, including what are currently considered Europe's largest biogenic reefs. The size and volume of these bioConstructions, however, vary greatly, such that not all habitats engineered by S. alveolata may be easily identified as reefs. Given that European environmental legislation protects marine habitats that are classified as "reefs", it is important to identity a clear set of definition criteria. Furthermore, quantifiable and unequivocal criteria are also needed to evaluate the ecological (health) state of these reefs, in order to best monitor and protect them. Here we propose new terminology to describe the physical appearance of these bioConstructions and attempt to link these physical criteria to the physiological state of the tube-building polychaete. We tested whether a bioConstruction displaying outward signs of growth is built by "healthy" worms devoid of physiological stress by analysing three macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids), four polar lipid fatty acids, six neutral lipid fatty acid markers and three metabolic enzymes (citrate synthase, catalase and superoxide dismutase). The worms were sampled in bioConstructions of different "Type" (veneer vs. hummock), "Phase" (progradation vs. retrogradation), and "Shore Level" (high shore vs. low shore) at Champeaux in Mont-Saint-Michel Bay, France. Our results show that worms sampled in retrograding reefs (i.e. displaying signs of erosion and colonisation by epibionts such as oysters or mussels), were less physiologically stressed than worms sampled in prograding bioConstructions, possibly due to lower intraspecific competition and hence greater food availability. We therefore suggest management measures should encompass the whole mosaic of biogenic Construction Types and Phases. We propose the inclusion of the polar lipid fatty acid arachidonic acid, in combination with the activity of two metabolic enzymes, citrate synthase and superoxide dismutase, as the three key biochemical markers to consider for quantitative information on the physiological state of this particular ecosystem engineer. Our results also revealed the influence of both sex and size on fatty acid and enzyme levels, highlighting the importance of taking into account both these variables when sampling and subsequently pooling individuals by sex and size category for laboratory analyses. Once seasonal and site variation have been addressed, these biochemical indicators could be examined in parallel with S. alveolata bioConstruction physical criteria as part of a European-wide protocol for monitoring ecological status in this potential reef habitat.
Pete Aye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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state of technology review of water based closed seasonal thermal energy storage systems
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Christoph O, Ingo Dressel, Pete AyeAbstract:Abstract Continuous use of fluctuating renewable energy resources is facilitated only by temporal storage solutions. For long-term and seasonal heat storage, many large-scale closed seasonal thermal energy storages (TES) have been built in the recent decades. Still there is no consistent picture available that contrasts the different technologies and summarises the major findings from the implemented storage facilities. This review reports the state-of-the art of these TES and offers future perspectives based on 31 locations in Europe with a total available storage volume of nearly 800,000 m³, corresponding to a capacity of 56,600 MWh in the case of optimised storage utilisation. Three Construction Types prove to be the most promising concepts: tank thermal energy storages, pit thermal energy storages, and water-gravel thermal energy storages. The characteristic technological elements such as filling, waterproofing, and thermal insulation are discussed in detail to highlight successes and failures, as well as to display the latest innovations and research trends. Novel materials substitute conventional, less efficient alternatives while innovative methodologies are shown to reduce the risk of failure and significantly improve storage performance. The main challenges on the way to global market maturity include avoidance of primarily defective waterproofing, mitigation of energy and exergy losses caused by long-term material fatigues, and reduction of the often substantial Construction costs.
Yasuhiro Hamada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermal performance of building envelope of ready made garments rmg factories in dhaka bangladesh
Energy and Buildings, 2015Co-Authors: Sajal Chowdhury, Khandaker Shabbir Ahmed, Yasuhiro HamadaAbstract:Abstract In this research the thermal performance of ready-made garments (RMG) factory building's envelope has been measured on the basis of internationally established indoor thermal comfort range for the workers. A three-dimensional model has been developed to conduct thermal simulations for typical RMG factory. The simulated factory has been divided into three different zones based on their activities and results have been analyzed by means of statistical distributions. Two Types of variables were considered in this study, these were ‘thickness of the exterior wall’ and ‘type of the local Construction materials’. Nineteen different exterior wall Construction Types have been observed through simulations. Prior to the simulations, thermal properties of available local materials were measured in the laboratory. From the analysis, it was found that change of building exterior wall materials and their Constructions have significant contributions on the indoor thermal environment of RMG factory building particularly in production spaces. It was also observed that in brick Constructions using 2nd class local brick's potentially results in higher indoor temperature leading to poor thermal condition. However, the thermal performance of 3rd class local brick Constructions has been found relatively better than other Types because of porosity and physical properties of the materials used.