The Experts below are selected from a list of 21 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Yang Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • normalization of text messages for text to speech
    International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2010
    Co-Authors: Deana L Pennell, Yang Liu
    Abstract:

    This paper describes a normalization system for text messages to allow them to be read by a TTS engine. To address the large number of texting abbreviations, we use a statistical classifier to learn when to delete a character. The features we use are based on character Context, Function, and position in the word and containing syllable. To ensure that our system is robust to different abbreviations for a word, we generate multiple abbreviation hypotheses for each word based on the classifier's prediction. We then reverse the mappings to enable prediction of English words from the abbreviations. Our results show that this approach is feasible and warrants further exploration.

Deana L Pennell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • normalization of text messages for text to speech
    International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2010
    Co-Authors: Deana L Pennell, Yang Liu
    Abstract:

    This paper describes a normalization system for text messages to allow them to be read by a TTS engine. To address the large number of texting abbreviations, we use a statistical classifier to learn when to delete a character. The features we use are based on character Context, Function, and position in the word and containing syllable. To ensure that our system is robust to different abbreviations for a word, we generate multiple abbreviation hypotheses for each word based on the classifier's prediction. We then reverse the mappings to enable prediction of English words from the abbreviations. Our results show that this approach is feasible and warrants further exploration.

Gregory Mccarthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • language related erps scalp distributions and modulation by word type and semantic priming
    Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1994
    Co-Authors: Anna C Nobre, Gregory Mccarthy
    Abstract:

    Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from the scalp to investigate the processing of word stimuli. Three tasks were used: (1) a task comparing words that provided an anomalous or normal sentence ending, (2) a word-list task in which different word types were examined, and (3) a word-list task in which semantic priming was examined. ERPs were recorded from a 50-channel montage in an attempt to dissociate overlapping ERP features by their scalp distributions. The focus of these studies was the N400, an ERP previously associated with language processing (Kutas & Hillyard, 1980). The temporal interval typically associated with N400 (250--500 msec) was found to contain overlapping ERP features. Two of these features were common to both sentence and word-list tasks---but one appeared different. Anomalous sentence endings and words with semantic content in lists both showed coincident negative left frontotemporal and midline-anterior ERP foci, peaking at 332 msec for sentences and 316 msec for word lists. The most negative voltage obtained in the sentence task peaked at 386 msec and had a midline-posterior focus. A right frontotemporal focus developed after the midline-posterior focus and outlasted its duration. The most negative voltage for content words in lists was reached at 364 msec. The distribution of this ERP was extensive over the midline and appeared to differ from that observed in the sentence task. Modulation of language-related ERPs by word type and semantic priming was investigated using the word-list tasks, which required category-detection responses. Two novel findings were obtained: (1) The ERP distributions for words serving grammatical Function and content words differed substantially in word lists. Even when devoid of any sentence Context, Function words presented significantly attenuated measures of N400 compared to content words. These findings support hypotheses that suggest a differential processing of content and Function words. (2) Semantic priming Functionally dissociated two ERP features in the 250--500 msec range. The later and most negative midline ERP feature (peaking at 364 msec) was attenuated by semantic priming. However, the earlier left frontotemporal feature (peaking at 316 msec) was enhanced by semantic priming. The isolation of this novel language-related ERF' that is sensitive to semantic manipulations has important consequences for temporal and mechanistic aspects of theories of language processing.

Anna C Nobre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • language related erps scalp distributions and modulation by word type and semantic priming
    Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1994
    Co-Authors: Anna C Nobre, Gregory Mccarthy
    Abstract:

    Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from the scalp to investigate the processing of word stimuli. Three tasks were used: (1) a task comparing words that provided an anomalous or normal sentence ending, (2) a word-list task in which different word types were examined, and (3) a word-list task in which semantic priming was examined. ERPs were recorded from a 50-channel montage in an attempt to dissociate overlapping ERP features by their scalp distributions. The focus of these studies was the N400, an ERP previously associated with language processing (Kutas & Hillyard, 1980). The temporal interval typically associated with N400 (250--500 msec) was found to contain overlapping ERP features. Two of these features were common to both sentence and word-list tasks---but one appeared different. Anomalous sentence endings and words with semantic content in lists both showed coincident negative left frontotemporal and midline-anterior ERP foci, peaking at 332 msec for sentences and 316 msec for word lists. The most negative voltage obtained in the sentence task peaked at 386 msec and had a midline-posterior focus. A right frontotemporal focus developed after the midline-posterior focus and outlasted its duration. The most negative voltage for content words in lists was reached at 364 msec. The distribution of this ERP was extensive over the midline and appeared to differ from that observed in the sentence task. Modulation of language-related ERPs by word type and semantic priming was investigated using the word-list tasks, which required category-detection responses. Two novel findings were obtained: (1) The ERP distributions for words serving grammatical Function and content words differed substantially in word lists. Even when devoid of any sentence Context, Function words presented significantly attenuated measures of N400 compared to content words. These findings support hypotheses that suggest a differential processing of content and Function words. (2) Semantic priming Functionally dissociated two ERP features in the 250--500 msec range. The later and most negative midline ERP feature (peaking at 364 msec) was attenuated by semantic priming. However, the earlier left frontotemporal feature (peaking at 316 msec) was enhanced by semantic priming. The isolation of this novel language-related ERF' that is sensitive to semantic manipulations has important consequences for temporal and mechanistic aspects of theories of language processing.

Jost Reischmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • andragogy history meaning Context Function
    Andragoške studije, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jost Reischmann
    Abstract:

    The article discusses some of the very basic problems of the science of andragogy, gives an overview of the development of andragogy as a scientific discipline, of conceptional and terminological issues and draw perceptions for the future development of andragogy. The 'international career' of this term is interesting, as well as the ways, in which it was used, developed and conceptualized through international cooperation. Special attention is given to the positioning of andragogy as the field for university teaching and to the ways this scientific area was developed in Germany, some other European countries and USA.