The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Trevor B Penney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Contingent Negative Variation cnv timing isn t everything
Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:When participants time intervals ranging from several hundred milliseconds to several seconds a Negative polarity waveform, known as the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), manifests in the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG). The perceptual and cognitive functions underlying this component are subject to ongoing debate. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that the link between the CNV and behavioral performance is non-linear and changes depending on the cognitive context. We suggest that the CNV reflects a common core preparatory process related to brain system optimization, and other cognitive processes that depend on the specific timing task employed.
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the role of the sma and the Contingent Negative Variation in interval timing
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Hedderik Van Rijn, Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Franck Vidal, Laurence Casini, Martin Wiener, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:Over the last decades, many studies have been published that have been interpreted in favour of the view that the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) reflects the subjective experience of time. However, a number of papers have recently appeared that question this direct link, but at the same time new studies using new methodologies have solidified the original claims. In this symposium, both views will be presented. Frank Vidal and Laurence Casini will present the original literature and link the EEG findings to more recent fMRI data. Martin Wiener will discuss new data that demonstrates that supplementary motor area (SMA) activity reflects both the experience of the current trial and the perceived difference between the current and previous trials. Trevor Penney and Kwun Kei Ng will discuss the extend to which duration bisection tasks support and question the view that the CNV reflects the accumulator. Finally, Hedderik van Rijn and Tadeusz Kononowicz will present data that question the prominent role of the CNV in the subjective temporal experience. The titles and abstracts of the four talks are given below.
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Contingent Negative Variation and its relation to time estimation a theoretical evaluation
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Hedderik Van Rijn, Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Warren H Meck, Kwun Kei Ng, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:The relation between the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) and time estimation is evaluated in terms of temporal accumulation and preparation processes. The conclusion is that the CNV as measured at fronto-central and parietal-central areas is not a direct reflection of the underlying interval timing mechanism(s), but more likely represents a time-based response preparation/decision-making process.
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Contingent Negative Variation and its relation to time estimation a theoretical evaluation
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Hedderik Van Rijn, Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Warren H Meck, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:The relation between the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) and time estimation is evaluated in terms of temporal accumulation and preparation processes. The conclusion is that the CNV as measured from the electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded at fronto-central and parietal-central areas is not a direct reflection of the underlying interval timing mechanism(s), but more likely represents a time-based response preparation/decision-making process.
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temporal accumulation and decision processes in the duration bisection task revealed by Contingent Negative Variation
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Simon Tobin, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:The duration bisection paradigm is a classic task used to examine how humans and other animals perceive time. Typically, participants first learn short and long anchor durations and are subsequently asked to classify probe durations as closer to the short or long anchor duration. However, the specific representations of time and the decision rules applied in this task remain the subject of debate. For example, researchers have questioned whether participants actually use representations of the short and long anchor durations in the decision process rather than merely a response threshold that is derived from those anchor durations. Electroencephalographic (EEG) measures, like the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), can provide information about the perceptual and cognitive processes that occur between the onset of the timing stimulus and the motor response. The CNV has been implicated as an electrophysiological marker of interval timing processes such as temporal accumulation, representation of the target duration, and the decision that the target duration has been attained. Hence, we used the CNV to investigate which durations are involved in the bisection categorization decision. The CNV increased in amplitude up to the value of the short anchor, remained at a constant level until about the geometric mean of the short and long anchors, when it began to resolve. These results suggest that the short anchor and the geometric mean of the short and long anchors are critical target durations used in the bisection categorization decision process. In addition, larger mean N1-P2 amplitude differences were associated with larger amplitude CNVs, which may reflect how precisely a participant is able to initiate timing on each trial across a test session. Overall, the results demonstrate the value of using scalp-recorded EEG to address basic questions about interval timing.
Wolfdieter Gerber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Contingent Negative Variation in acute trauma patients a prospective exploratory study
Biological Psychology, 2018Co-Authors: Jens T Kowalski, Wolfdieter Gerber, Stephanie Darabaneanu, Franz Petermann, Franziska Falkenhagen, Yvonne Radtke, Uwe Niederberger, Elisabeth Steinmann, Michael SiniatchkinAbstract:Abstract It is still unclear why some individuals completely recover after an acute trauma and others develop a long-lasting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates whether the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) – a slow Negative event-related potential – may be associated with the occurrence of PTSD after acute trauma. CNV (auditory 2-stimulus reaction time paradigm) was recorded within one month as well as 6 months after an acute trauma (dangerous or grave physical injuries, witnessing of attempted suicide or murder, robbery, extortion, accidents, heavy illness, death or loss of an important person, hostage-taking) in 39 otherwise healthy adults and compared with CNV recordings in 38 healthy control subjects without potentially traumatizing experience in their history. According to their subsequent clinical course, these subjects were divided into two groups: participants who recovered completely 1 month after the trauma (PTSD- group, n = 31), and those who began to experience PTSD (PTSD+ group, n = 8). Patients from both trauma groups were characterized by a significantly longer reaction time immediately after the trauma. The PTSD+ group demonstrated lower amplitudes of the late CNV component immediately and six months after the trauma compared with the PTSD- and the control group. Whether the lower CNV amplitudes in patients who develop PTSD after the acute trauma, which is already present in the first days after the trauma, may be related to a higher risk for development of PTSD in these subjects, this has to be clarified in further prospective studies.
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disease duration of episodic migraine correlates with modified amplitudes and habituation of Contingent Negative Variation
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2015Co-Authors: Peter Kropp, Thomasmartin Wallasch, Britta Muller, Bianca Meyer, Stephanie Darabaneanu, Christoph Bosse, Armin Keller, Wolfgang Meyer, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Cortical habituation in episodic migraine patients without medication overuse headache (MOH), recorded by Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), is often reduced compared with healthy controls. There is evidence that with longer duration of migraine disease (DOD) amplitudes and habituation of CNV become progressively abnormal. The aim of the study was to examine habituation characteristics of Contingent Negative Variation in episodic migraine patients suffering from short- and long-lasting migraine compared to matched healthy controls. 32 migraine patients without aura and without MOH diagnosed according to the revised ICHD-II criteria and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. According to DOD, the total sample of migraine patients was divided into two groups (group a: DOD 120 months, n = 15 subjects). Both migraine groups did not differ in the number of days of migraine and the duration of attacks. Overall CNV and initial CNV differed significantly between migraine patients and controls, whereas the former produced more Negative amplitudes. In the migraine group lack of or deficient habituation occurred, whilst controls showed habituation. There were middle range correlations between the DOD and overall CNV, initial CNV, and y-intercept. Patients suffering from long-lasting migraine produced higher CNV amplitudes with a higher y-intercept. The results are interpreted as "maladaptive plasticity" with a risen intercept in long-lasting migraine.
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Cortical Habituation Deficit in Tinnitus Sufferers: Contingent Negative Variation as an Indicator of Duration of the Disease
Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2012Co-Authors: Peter Kropp, Bianca Meyer, Stephanie Darabaneanu, Wolfgang Meyer, Martina Hartmann, Dirk Barchmann, Petra Ambrosch, Dietmar Schröder, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Cortical attention and habituation parameters are altered in patients suffering from tinnitus. The aim of the study was to quantify cortical attention and habituation parameters in tinnitus patients by recording the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) response and to correlate amplitudes of different CNV parameters with duration of disease. Twenty patients suffering from tinnitus (median: 44 years) and twenty age- and sex-matched healthy controls (median: 41 years) were tested by a CNV paradigm. We recorded overall CNV, initial CNV, and terminal CNV and calculated habituation slopes. All CNV parameters were Spearman-correlated with individual duration of disease. Highly significant between groups differences emerged in total (tinnitus: −8.4 uV vs. controls: −3.8 uV), initial (−11.2 vs. −6.0 uV), and terminal CNV (−11.9 vs. −6.5 uV) demonstrating higher Negative amplitudes in tinnitus patients. Habituation differed in total and terminal CNV, indicating missing habituation in tinnitus patients. Overall CNV (ϱ = −.365) and initial CNV (ϱ = −.529) showed a medium Spearman correlation with duration of disease. We conclude that the correlation between duration of tinnitus and the initial CNV amplitudes indicates an altered state of cortical excitability that can also be observed in more Negative CNV-amplitudes in tinnitus patients. We assume that this state indicates a chronicity process in tinnitus disease.
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behavioural treatment programme contributes to normalization of Contingent Negative Variation in children with migraine
Cephalalgia, 2011Co-Authors: Michael Siniatchkin, Ulrich Stephani, Gabriele Gerbervon Muller, Stephani Darabaneanu, Franz Petermann, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Background: Migraine is a disorder of central information processing which may be characterized by increased amplitudes and reduced habituation of evoked and event-related potentials. In this pilot study, special behavioural training of habituation to aversive stimuli (MIPAS-Family = Migraine Patient Seminar for Families) was developed and proven effective in children suffering from migraine without aura.Methods: 13 children with migraine participated in the MIPAS-Family programme and 13 other children with migraine were treated with biofeedback. The influence of both treatments on abnormal cortical information processing in migraine was assessed using recordings of the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), an event-related slow cortical potential.Results: Both MIPAS training and biofeedback caused an equal reduction of migraine frequency and severity. However, MIPAS treatment was associated with a significant increase in iCNV habituation. Changes in the clinical course of migraine correlated positively wi...
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developmental changes of the Contingent Negative Variation in migraine and healthy children
Journal of Headache and Pain, 2010Co-Authors: Michael Siniatchkin, Wolfdieter Gerber, Anne Jonas, Huelya Baki, Andreas Van Baalen, Ulrich StephaniAbstract:It has been hypothesized that abnormalities of information processing in migraine may be attributed to impairment of cerebral maturation. However, the most evidences for this hypothesis have come from cross-sectional studies during childhood. We performed a longitudinal study and recorded Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), an event-related slow cortical potential, in migraine children (n = 27) and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 23) in 1998 and 8 years later (2006). Amplitudes of all CNV components were reduced and habituation of the initial CNV (iCNV) increased in the observed time. However, the reduction of the iCNV amplitude was more pronounced in migraine patients who were in remission in 2006 and in healthy subjects and less pronounced in migraineurs with persisting headaches. Patients with the worsened migraine demonstrated the most pronounced loss of iCNV habituation in 1998 and significantly increased iCNV amplitudes in 2006. This longitudinal study supports the hypothesis of impaired cerebral maturation in migraine and shows that migraine manifestation is a key factor interfering with the natural maturation process of central information processing.
Peter Kropp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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progressive muscle relaxation reduces migraine frequency and normalizes amplitudes of Contingent Negative Variation cnv
Journal of Headache and Pain, 2016Co-Authors: Bianca Meyer, Britta Muller, Armin Keller, Hans Georg Wohlbier, Claudia Helene Overath, Peter KroppAbstract:Central information processing, visible in evoked potentials like the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) is altered in migraine patients who exhibit higher CNV amplitudes and a reduced habituation. Both characteristics were shown to be normalized under different prophylactic migraine treatment options whereas Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) has not yet been examined. We investigated the effect of PMR on clinical course and CNV in migraineurs in a quasi-randomized, controlled trial. Thirty-five migraine patients and 46 healthy controls were examined. Sixteen migraineurs and 21 healthy participants conducted a 6-week PMR-training with CNV-measures before and after as well as three months after PMR-training completion. The remaining participants served as controls. The clinical course was analyzed with two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Pre-treatment CNV differences between migraine patients and healthy controls were examined with t-tests for independent measures. The course of the CNV-parameters was examined with three-way ANOVAs with repeated measures. After PMR-training, migraine patients showed a significant reduction of migraine frequency. Preliminary to the PMR-training, migraine patients exhibited higher amplitudes in the early component of the CNV (iCNV) and the overall CNV (oCNV) than healthy controls, but no differences regarding habituation. After completion of the PMR-training, migraineurs showed a normalization of the iCNV amplitude, but neither of the oCNV nor of the habituation coefficient. The results confirm clinical efficacy of PMR for migraine prophylaxis. The pre-treatment measure confirms altered cortical information processing in migraine patients. Regarding the changes in the iCNV after PMR-training, central nervous mechanisms of the PMR-effect are supposed which may be mediated by the serotonin metabolism.
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disease duration of episodic migraine correlates with modified amplitudes and habituation of Contingent Negative Variation
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2015Co-Authors: Peter Kropp, Thomasmartin Wallasch, Britta Muller, Bianca Meyer, Stephanie Darabaneanu, Christoph Bosse, Armin Keller, Wolfgang Meyer, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Cortical habituation in episodic migraine patients without medication overuse headache (MOH), recorded by Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), is often reduced compared with healthy controls. There is evidence that with longer duration of migraine disease (DOD) amplitudes and habituation of CNV become progressively abnormal. The aim of the study was to examine habituation characteristics of Contingent Negative Variation in episodic migraine patients suffering from short- and long-lasting migraine compared to matched healthy controls. 32 migraine patients without aura and without MOH diagnosed according to the revised ICHD-II criteria and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. According to DOD, the total sample of migraine patients was divided into two groups (group a: DOD 120 months, n = 15 subjects). Both migraine groups did not differ in the number of days of migraine and the duration of attacks. Overall CNV and initial CNV differed significantly between migraine patients and controls, whereas the former produced more Negative amplitudes. In the migraine group lack of or deficient habituation occurred, whilst controls showed habituation. There were middle range correlations between the DOD and overall CNV, initial CNV, and y-intercept. Patients suffering from long-lasting migraine produced higher CNV amplitudes with a higher y-intercept. The results are interpreted as "maladaptive plasticity" with a risen intercept in long-lasting migraine.
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Cortical Habituation Deficit in Tinnitus Sufferers: Contingent Negative Variation as an Indicator of Duration of the Disease
Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2012Co-Authors: Peter Kropp, Bianca Meyer, Stephanie Darabaneanu, Wolfgang Meyer, Martina Hartmann, Dirk Barchmann, Petra Ambrosch, Dietmar Schröder, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Cortical attention and habituation parameters are altered in patients suffering from tinnitus. The aim of the study was to quantify cortical attention and habituation parameters in tinnitus patients by recording the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) response and to correlate amplitudes of different CNV parameters with duration of disease. Twenty patients suffering from tinnitus (median: 44 years) and twenty age- and sex-matched healthy controls (median: 41 years) were tested by a CNV paradigm. We recorded overall CNV, initial CNV, and terminal CNV and calculated habituation slopes. All CNV parameters were Spearman-correlated with individual duration of disease. Highly significant between groups differences emerged in total (tinnitus: −8.4 uV vs. controls: −3.8 uV), initial (−11.2 vs. −6.0 uV), and terminal CNV (−11.9 vs. −6.5 uV) demonstrating higher Negative amplitudes in tinnitus patients. Habituation differed in total and terminal CNV, indicating missing habituation in tinnitus patients. Overall CNV (ϱ = −.365) and initial CNV (ϱ = −.529) showed a medium Spearman correlation with duration of disease. We conclude that the correlation between duration of tinnitus and the initial CNV amplitudes indicates an altered state of cortical excitability that can also be observed in more Negative CNV-amplitudes in tinnitus patients. We assume that this state indicates a chronicity process in tinnitus disease.
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Contingent Negative Variation in subjects at risk for migraine without aura
Pain, 2001Co-Authors: Peter Kropp, Michael Siniatchkin, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Migraine is a complex disease with a significant genetic background. One possible strategy to investigate the genetics of migraine is the evaluation of functional vulnerability markers or biological elementary endophenotypes in individuals with the greatest probability of developing the disorder (high-risk design). In this study the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) was recorded in 35 high-risk subjects with a positive family history of migraine without aura (FHP), 35 low-risk individuals without a positive family history (FHN), and 35 migraineurs (migraine without aura). FHP subjects and migraine patients differed significantly from FHN individuals with regard to amplitude and habituation slope of the early CNV component (initial CNV or iCNV). FHP participants demonstrated the same iCNV abnormalities and distribution among iCNV characteristics as migraineurs. The amplitude of the iCNV correlated significantly with the relative number of subjects suffering from migraine among first- and second-degree relatives. The higher the density of affected individuals in the family, the more pronounced were the CNV abnormalities in relatives. This study provides evidence that the familial factor contributes to the abnormal amplitude, and to a lesser degree, habituation of the iCNV, and that the iCNV may be used as a functional-genetic vulnerability marker in further research of migraine genetics.
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Reliability and Stability of Contingent Negative Variation
Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2000Co-Authors: Peter Kropp, Angela Kiewitt, Hartmut Göbel, Peter Vetter, Wolfdieter GerberAbstract:Reliability parameters of a test indicate the stability (and quality) of the test itself. Reliability coefficients greater than 0.70 suggest an attribute as being sufficiently stable over time to be characterized as a trait. Reliability parameters of Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) amplitudes in 27 healthy individuals were determined using a test-retest design. CNV was recorded at Cz, with an interstimulus interval of 3 s, on 2 separate occasions: initial session and 10 days later. Correlation coefficients between the 2 recording sessions were 0.675 for the total-CNV (tCNV), 0.855 for the early component (iCNV), 0.631 for the late component (lCNV), and 0.420 for the post-imperative Negative Variation (PINV). Statistical retest parameters for Spearman Brown were 0.806 for tCNV, 0.922 for iCNV, 0.774 for lCNV, and 0.655 for PINV. The iCNV, more than the other parameters, remained stable over the period of 10 days. It is suggested that the described standardized CNV recording procedure ensures reproducible and stable results in healthy subjects.
Tadeusz W Kononowicz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Contingent Negative Variation cnv timing isn t everything
Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:When participants time intervals ranging from several hundred milliseconds to several seconds a Negative polarity waveform, known as the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), manifests in the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG). The perceptual and cognitive functions underlying this component are subject to ongoing debate. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that the link between the CNV and behavioral performance is non-linear and changes depending on the cognitive context. We suggest that the CNV reflects a common core preparatory process related to brain system optimization, and other cognitive processes that depend on the specific timing task employed.
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the role of the sma and the Contingent Negative Variation in interval timing
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Hedderik Van Rijn, Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Franck Vidal, Laurence Casini, Martin Wiener, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:Over the last decades, many studies have been published that have been interpreted in favour of the view that the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) reflects the subjective experience of time. However, a number of papers have recently appeared that question this direct link, but at the same time new studies using new methodologies have solidified the original claims. In this symposium, both views will be presented. Frank Vidal and Laurence Casini will present the original literature and link the EEG findings to more recent fMRI data. Martin Wiener will discuss new data that demonstrates that supplementary motor area (SMA) activity reflects both the experience of the current trial and the perceived difference between the current and previous trials. Trevor Penney and Kwun Kei Ng will discuss the extend to which duration bisection tasks support and question the view that the CNV reflects the accumulator. Finally, Hedderik van Rijn and Tadeusz Kononowicz will present data that question the prominent role of the CNV in the subjective temporal experience. The titles and abstracts of the four talks are given below.
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Contingent Negative Variation and its relation to time estimation a theoretical evaluation
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Hedderik Van Rijn, Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Warren H Meck, Kwun Kei Ng, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:The relation between the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) and time estimation is evaluated in terms of temporal accumulation and preparation processes. The conclusion is that the CNV as measured at fronto-central and parietal-central areas is not a direct reflection of the underlying interval timing mechanism(s), but more likely represents a time-based response preparation/decision-making process.
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Contingent Negative Variation and its relation to time estimation a theoretical evaluation
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Hedderik Van Rijn, Tadeusz W Kononowicz, Warren H Meck, Trevor B PenneyAbstract:The relation between the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) and time estimation is evaluated in terms of temporal accumulation and preparation processes. The conclusion is that the CNV as measured from the electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded at fronto-central and parietal-central areas is not a direct reflection of the underlying interval timing mechanism(s), but more likely represents a time-based response preparation/decision-making process.
Keith R Wallace - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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patterns of eeg coherence power and Contingent Negative Variation characterize the integration of transcendental and waking states
Biological Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Frederick Travis, Joe Tecce, Alarik Arenander, Keith R WallaceAbstract:Long-term meditating subjects report that transcendental experiences (TE), which first occurred during their Transcendental Meditation (TM) practice, now subjectively co-exist with waking and sleeping states. To investigate neurophysiological correlates of this integrated state, we recorded EEG in these subjects and in two comparison groups during simple and choice Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) tasks. In individuals reporting the integration of the transcendent with waking and sleeping, CNV was higher in simple but lower in choice trials, and 6 � /12 Hz EEG amplitude and broadband frontal EEG coherence were higher during choice trials. Increased EEG amplitude and coherence, characteristic of TM practice, appeared to become a stable EEG trait during CNV tasks in these subjects. These significant EEG differences may underlie the inverse patterns in CNV amplitude seen between groups. An ‘Integration Scale,’ constructed from these cortical measures, may characterize the transformation in brain dynamics corresponding to increasing integration of the transcendent with waking and sleeping. # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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patterns of eeg coherence power and Contingent Negative Variation characterize the integration of transcendental and waking states
Biological Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Frederick Travis, Joe Tecce, Alarik Arenander, Keith R WallaceAbstract:Long-term meditating subjects report that transcendental experiences (TE), which first occurred during their Transcendental Meditation (TM) practice, now subjectively co-exist with waking and sleeping states. To investigate neurophysiological correlates of this integrated state, we recorded EEG in these subjects and in two comparison groups during simple and choice Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) tasks. In individuals reporting the integration of the transcendent with waking and sleeping, CNV was higher in simple but lower in choice trials, and 6-12 Hz EEG amplitude and broadband frontal EEG coherence were higher during choice trials. Increased EEG amplitude and coherence, characteristic of TM practice, appeared to become a stable EEG trait during CNV tasks in these subjects. These significant EEG differences may underlie the inverse patterns in CNV amplitude seen between groups. An 'Integration Scale,' constructed from these cortical measures, may characterize the transformation in brain dynamics corresponding to increasing integration of the transcendent with waking and sleeping.