The Experts below are selected from a list of 399 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M. Vercauteren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Spinal sufentanil in rats: Part I: Epidural versus intrathecal sufentanil and morphine.
Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1992Co-Authors: F. Boersma, Theo F. Meert, M. VercauterenAbstract:Male Wistar rats were injected epidurally or intrathecally with increasing doses of sufentanil or morphine in order to determine differences in potency, onset and duration of analgesia and supra-spinal side-effects. For sufentanil, only small differences in the lowest ED50-values for analgesia and supra-spinal side-effects were observed between the two spinal routes. Given intrathecally, sufentanil had a somewhat faster onset but a shorter duration of action than did epidural sufentanil. However, intrathecal morphine when compared to epidural morphine had a faster onset with a greater potency and a longer duration of action. The stronger opioid activity of intrathecal morphine was also reflected in a reduced safety ratio for the blockade of the Cornea Reflex. These differences between the two opioids, with regard to their optimal route of spinal administration, are discussed in terms of lipophilicity and optimal clinical use.
Yuan-ying Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Asynchronism of the recovery of baroReflex sensitivity, blood pressure, and consciousness from anesthesia in rats.
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2004Co-Authors: Wuliya Yi-ming, He Shu, Chao-yu Miao, Fu-ming Shen, Yuan-ying JiangAbstract:Anesthesia inhibits arterial baroReflex functions such as baroReflex sensitivity (BRS). The main objective of the present study was to determine the time course of BRS recovery from anesthesia and to determine whether BRS recovery is synchronous with the recovery of consciousness and blood pressure (BP). Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats using different commonly used anesthetics at routine doses through intraperitoneal administration: (1) diazepam/ketamine, a mixture of diazepam (5 mg/kg) and ketamine (50 mg/kg); (2) chloral hydrate (0.3 g/kg); (3) sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg); and (4) urethane (1.0 g/kg). The anesthetic state, evaluated by algesthesia and Cornea Reflex, was maintained for 1-2.5 hours. The BRS, assessed by intravenous injection of phenylephrine, was inhibited rapidly and dramatically, with maximum depressions of 51%-80%. The BRS recovery time was approximately 5 hours for diazepam/ketamine, chloral hydrate, and pentobarbital, but more than 24 hours for urethane. Compared with BRS inhibition, BP reduction was less pronounced by 8% (not significant) for diazepam/ketamine and by 12%-30% for the others. The BP recovery time was approximately 2 hours, with the exception of chloral hydrate (>6 hours). In conclusion, after anesthesia, BRS inhibition is more obvious than BP reduction, and the recovery of BRS lags behind the recovery of consciousness or BP.
Herve Outin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prognostication of neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest standardization of neurological examination conditions is needed
Intensive Care Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Bernard De Jonghe, Tarek Sharshar, Herve OutinAbstract:Dear Editor, We read with great interest the study by Kamps and colleagues [1] in the October 2013 issue of Intensive Care Medicine. Accurate neurological prognostication in comatose patients after cardiac arrest is a daily concern in general ICUs [2], especially the effect of therapeutic hypothermia on prognostication accuracy [3]. The authors should be congratulated for their tenacity in obtaining original data from the authors of all the studies included in the meta-analysis. We were nevertheless specifically intrigued by the overall high false positive rate (FPR) of bilaterally absent Cornea Reflexes. In the aggregated data analysis, seven patients with bilateral Cornea Reflex absence ultimately had a favorable recovery. The study by Bisschops and colleagues [4], in which neurological signs were retrospectively recorded, accounts for a majority of these patients (four patients, of nine patients with a favorable recovery) with a FPR of 45 %. The exclusion of this study from the meta analysis might have revealed very different results, as only the six studies with neurological signs recorded prospectively would have been taken into account. More generally, the study by Kamps and colleagues [1] raises important issues on whether neurological signs, such as absence of motor response or Cornea Reflexes, intrinsically are poorly reliable for predicting neurological recovery after cardiac arrest (and are thus unsuitable in this setting). Discrepancies between study results in the meta-analysis by Kamps and colleagues [1] might at least partly reflect large discrepancies in daily practice, in terms of assessment methods of brainstem Reflexes, timing of neurological examination after rewarming from hypothermia, and ruling out of potential insidious confounders (such as persistent effect of sedatives or morphinics). Standardization of neurological examination conditions after cardiac arrest is urgently needed to answer this question.
F. Boersma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Spinal sufentanil in rats: Part I: Epidural versus intrathecal sufentanil and morphine.
Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1992Co-Authors: F. Boersma, Theo F. Meert, M. VercauterenAbstract:Male Wistar rats were injected epidurally or intrathecally with increasing doses of sufentanil or morphine in order to determine differences in potency, onset and duration of analgesia and supra-spinal side-effects. For sufentanil, only small differences in the lowest ED50-values for analgesia and supra-spinal side-effects were observed between the two spinal routes. Given intrathecally, sufentanil had a somewhat faster onset but a shorter duration of action than did epidural sufentanil. However, intrathecal morphine when compared to epidural morphine had a faster onset with a greater potency and a longer duration of action. The stronger opioid activity of intrathecal morphine was also reflected in a reduced safety ratio for the blockade of the Cornea Reflex. These differences between the two opioids, with regard to their optimal route of spinal administration, are discussed in terms of lipophilicity and optimal clinical use.
Wuliya Yi-ming - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Asynchronism of the recovery of baroReflex sensitivity, blood pressure, and consciousness from anesthesia in rats.
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2004Co-Authors: Wuliya Yi-ming, He Shu, Chao-yu Miao, Fu-ming Shen, Yuan-ying JiangAbstract:Anesthesia inhibits arterial baroReflex functions such as baroReflex sensitivity (BRS). The main objective of the present study was to determine the time course of BRS recovery from anesthesia and to determine whether BRS recovery is synchronous with the recovery of consciousness and blood pressure (BP). Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats using different commonly used anesthetics at routine doses through intraperitoneal administration: (1) diazepam/ketamine, a mixture of diazepam (5 mg/kg) and ketamine (50 mg/kg); (2) chloral hydrate (0.3 g/kg); (3) sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg); and (4) urethane (1.0 g/kg). The anesthetic state, evaluated by algesthesia and Cornea Reflex, was maintained for 1-2.5 hours. The BRS, assessed by intravenous injection of phenylephrine, was inhibited rapidly and dramatically, with maximum depressions of 51%-80%. The BRS recovery time was approximately 5 hours for diazepam/ketamine, chloral hydrate, and pentobarbital, but more than 24 hours for urethane. Compared with BRS inhibition, BP reduction was less pronounced by 8% (not significant) for diazepam/ketamine and by 12%-30% for the others. The BP recovery time was approximately 2 hours, with the exception of chloral hydrate (>6 hours). In conclusion, after anesthesia, BRS inhibition is more obvious than BP reduction, and the recovery of BRS lags behind the recovery of consciousness or BP.