The Experts below are selected from a list of 14049 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Annabel Dorrestein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of an invasive ant species on roosting behavior of an island endemic flying fox
Biotropica, 2019Co-Authors: Annabel Dorrestein, Christopher M Todd, John M. Martin, David A Westcott, Justin A. WelbergenAbstract:Introduced species can cause major disruptions to ecosystems, particularly on islands. On Christmas Island, the invasive yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) has detrimental impacts on many animals ranging from the iconic red crabs (Gecarcoidea natalis) to the Christmas Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus erythropleurus). However, the full extent of its effects on the island's fauna is not yet known. In this study, we investigated the impact of the yellow crazy ants on the island's last native mammal: the Christmas Island flying‐fox (Pteropus natalis). This species has been described as a keystone species, but has recently experienced substantial population decline to the extent that it is now listed as Critically Endangered. We examined the impacts of the yellow crazy ants on the roosting behavior of the Christmas Island flying‐fox, and on its local and island‐wide distribution patterns. We showed that the crazy ants increased behaviors in the flying‐foxes that were associated with avoidance of noxious stimuli and decreased behaviors associated with resting. Roost tree selection and roost site location were not related to variation in the abundance of crazy ants on the island. Our results indicate that the crazy ants interfere with the activity budgets of the flying‐foxes. However, the flying‐foxes failed to relocate to ant‐free roost trees or roost sites when confronted with the noxious ant, suggesting that the flying‐foxes are either not sufficiently disturbed to override strong Cultural Attachment to roosts, or, are behaving maladaptively due to ecological naivete.
Justin A. Welbergen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of an invasive ant species on roosting behavior of an island endemic flying fox
Biotropica, 2019Co-Authors: Annabel Dorrestein, Christopher M Todd, John M. Martin, David A Westcott, Justin A. WelbergenAbstract:Introduced species can cause major disruptions to ecosystems, particularly on islands. On Christmas Island, the invasive yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) has detrimental impacts on many animals ranging from the iconic red crabs (Gecarcoidea natalis) to the Christmas Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus erythropleurus). However, the full extent of its effects on the island's fauna is not yet known. In this study, we investigated the impact of the yellow crazy ants on the island's last native mammal: the Christmas Island flying‐fox (Pteropus natalis). This species has been described as a keystone species, but has recently experienced substantial population decline to the extent that it is now listed as Critically Endangered. We examined the impacts of the yellow crazy ants on the roosting behavior of the Christmas Island flying‐fox, and on its local and island‐wide distribution patterns. We showed that the crazy ants increased behaviors in the flying‐foxes that were associated with avoidance of noxious stimuli and decreased behaviors associated with resting. Roost tree selection and roost site location were not related to variation in the abundance of crazy ants on the island. Our results indicate that the crazy ants interfere with the activity budgets of the flying‐foxes. However, the flying‐foxes failed to relocate to ant‐free roost trees or roost sites when confronted with the noxious ant, suggesting that the flying‐foxes are either not sufficiently disturbed to override strong Cultural Attachment to roosts, or, are behaving maladaptively due to ecological naivete.
Yingyi Hong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cultural Attachment from behavior to computational neuroscience
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2019Co-Authors: Wei Jie Yap, Yingyi Hong, Bobby K Cheon, George I ChristopoulosAbstract:Cultural Attachment (CA) refers to processes that allow culture and its symbols to provide psychological security when facing threat. Epistemologically, whereas we currently have an adequate predictivist model of CA, it is necessary to prepare for a mechanistic approach that will not only predict, but also explain CA phenomena. Toward that direction, we here first examine the concepts and mechanisms that are the building blocks of both the prototypical maternal Attachment as well as CA. Based on existing robust neuroscience models we associate these concepts and mechanisms with bona fide neurobiological functions to advance an integrative neurobiological model of CA. We further discuss the unresolved relationship of CA to other similar socio-cognitive concepts such as familiarity. Overall aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of integrating CA theory to computational approaches to culture and evolution (such as predictive processing computations explaining niche construction), as this will allow a dynamic interpretation of Cultural processes.
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physiological responses associated with Cultural Attachment
Behavioural Brain Research, 2017Co-Authors: Wei Jie Yap, George I Christopoulos, Yingyi HongAbstract:Cultural Attachment (CA) suggests that Cultural symbols can function as Attachment figures, in a similar way to prototypical maternal Attachment figures. In order to further understand the psychophysiological mechanisms of CA, we examine whether Cultural symbols regulate peripheral physiological indicators of arousal in response to symbolic threats. We supraliminally expose participants to neutral or threatening stimuli, followed by the subliminal presentation of CA and control images, while recording their Skin Conductance Responses (SCR). In tandem with previous work, threat increased SCR when the subliminal image was a control. However, the subliminal presence of a Cultural symbol reduced this typically high SCR to threat, potentially suggesting that the threat-related arousal was mitigated. Importantly, metrics related to the way an individual is related to the environment, i.e. the need for cognitive closure, affected physiological responses towards threat and Cultural images. Overall, the present study sets the basis for potential emotional mechanisms that could explain how Cultural symbols can act as extensions of the prototypical Attachment figures and confer the sense of security in the face of threat.
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Cultural Attachment a new theory and method to understand cross Cultural competence
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Yingyi Hong, Yang Fang, Ying Yang, Desiree Y PhuaAbstract:Cultural Attachment theory postulates that the adaptive solution of acculturation is analogous to infants’ Attachment to their caretakers, whereby forming secure Attachment to the native and/or host cultures can help sojourners to cope with anxiety and stress and to gain a sense of safe haven. To test this theory, we recruited 57 Indonesian students who were studying in Singapore and measured their quality of Cultural Attachment in two ways: (a) self-reported Cultural Attachment styles with the native and host culture and (b) positive affective transfer from Indonesian (native) and that from Singaporean (host) Cultural icons. The participants’ self-reported Cultural Attachment styles and identifications with the two cultures were differentially correlated with their positive affective transfers from the two Cultural icons. Importantly, the participants’ self-reported Attachment styles of native and host cultures and their positive affective transfer from the Indonesian (native) Cultural icons were linked ...
Christopher M Todd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of an invasive ant species on roosting behavior of an island endemic flying fox
Biotropica, 2019Co-Authors: Annabel Dorrestein, Christopher M Todd, John M. Martin, David A Westcott, Justin A. WelbergenAbstract:Introduced species can cause major disruptions to ecosystems, particularly on islands. On Christmas Island, the invasive yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) has detrimental impacts on many animals ranging from the iconic red crabs (Gecarcoidea natalis) to the Christmas Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus erythropleurus). However, the full extent of its effects on the island's fauna is not yet known. In this study, we investigated the impact of the yellow crazy ants on the island's last native mammal: the Christmas Island flying‐fox (Pteropus natalis). This species has been described as a keystone species, but has recently experienced substantial population decline to the extent that it is now listed as Critically Endangered. We examined the impacts of the yellow crazy ants on the roosting behavior of the Christmas Island flying‐fox, and on its local and island‐wide distribution patterns. We showed that the crazy ants increased behaviors in the flying‐foxes that were associated with avoidance of noxious stimuli and decreased behaviors associated with resting. Roost tree selection and roost site location were not related to variation in the abundance of crazy ants on the island. Our results indicate that the crazy ants interfere with the activity budgets of the flying‐foxes. However, the flying‐foxes failed to relocate to ant‐free roost trees or roost sites when confronted with the noxious ant, suggesting that the flying‐foxes are either not sufficiently disturbed to override strong Cultural Attachment to roosts, or, are behaving maladaptively due to ecological naivete.
John M. Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of an invasive ant species on roosting behavior of an island endemic flying fox
Biotropica, 2019Co-Authors: Annabel Dorrestein, Christopher M Todd, John M. Martin, David A Westcott, Justin A. WelbergenAbstract:Introduced species can cause major disruptions to ecosystems, particularly on islands. On Christmas Island, the invasive yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) has detrimental impacts on many animals ranging from the iconic red crabs (Gecarcoidea natalis) to the Christmas Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus erythropleurus). However, the full extent of its effects on the island's fauna is not yet known. In this study, we investigated the impact of the yellow crazy ants on the island's last native mammal: the Christmas Island flying‐fox (Pteropus natalis). This species has been described as a keystone species, but has recently experienced substantial population decline to the extent that it is now listed as Critically Endangered. We examined the impacts of the yellow crazy ants on the roosting behavior of the Christmas Island flying‐fox, and on its local and island‐wide distribution patterns. We showed that the crazy ants increased behaviors in the flying‐foxes that were associated with avoidance of noxious stimuli and decreased behaviors associated with resting. Roost tree selection and roost site location were not related to variation in the abundance of crazy ants on the island. Our results indicate that the crazy ants interfere with the activity budgets of the flying‐foxes. However, the flying‐foxes failed to relocate to ant‐free roost trees or roost sites when confronted with the noxious ant, suggesting that the flying‐foxes are either not sufficiently disturbed to override strong Cultural Attachment to roosts, or, are behaving maladaptively due to ecological naivete.