The Experts below are selected from a list of 41982 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Susan M Perkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development of Cultural Belief scales for mammography screening
    Oncology Nursing Forum, 2003
    Co-Authors: Kathleen M Russell, Victoria L Champion, Susan M Perkins
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To develop instruments to measure Culturally related variables that may influence mammography screening behaviors in African American women. DESIGN Instrumentation methodology. SETTING Community organizations and public housing in the Indianapolis, IN, area. SAMPLE 111 African American women with a mean age of 60.2 years and 64 Caucasian women with a mean age of 60 years. METHODS After item development, scales were administered. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, item analysis via internal consistency reliability using Cronbach's alpha, and independent t tests and logistic regression analysis to test theoretical relationships. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Personal space preferences, health temporal orientation, and perceived personal control. FINDINGS Space items were factored into interpersonal and physical scales. Temporal orientation items were loaded on one factor, creating a one-dimensional scale. Control items were factored into internal and external control scales. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scales ranged from 0.76-0.88. Interpersonal space preference, health temporal orientation, and perceived internal control scales each were predictive of mammography screening adherence. CONCLUSIONS The three tested scales were reliable and valid. Scales, on average, did not differ between African American and Caucasian populations. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING These scales may be useful in future investigations aimed at increasing mammography screening in African American and Caucasian women.

Abba B. Gumel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Erin A. Cech - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ideological Wage Inequalities? The Technical/Social Dualism and the Gender Wage Gap in Engineering
    Social Forces, 2013
    Co-Authors: Erin A. Cech
    Abstract:

    Can professional cultures contribute to wage inequality? Recent literature has demonstrated how widely held Cultural biases reproduce ascriptive inequalities in the workforce, but Cultural Belief systems within professions have largely been ignored as mechanisms of intra-profession inequality. I argue that Cultural ideologies about professional work, which may seem benign and have little salience outside of a profession’s boundaries, play an important role in reproducing wage inequalities therein. Using nationally representative data on engineers, I demonstrate that patterns of sex segregation and gendered wage allocation in engineering break consistently along the lines predicted by its “technical/social dualism”—an ideological distinction between “technical” and “social” engineering subfields and work activities. After explaining how these findings deepen our understanding of gender inequality in engineering, the article discusses how the consideration of professional cultures may open up fresh areas of inquiry into intra-profession inequality more generally.

Charles M. Super - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Parental Ethnotheories in the Context of Immigration: Asian Indian Immigrant and Euro-American Mothers and Daughters in an American Town
    Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Chemba S. Raghavan, Sara Harkness, Charles M. Super
    Abstract:

    Cross-Cultural research is inherently limited by the difficulty of disentangling Cultural effects on children’s development from other environmental features that covary with culture. The growing presence of immigrant populations in the United States offers an opportunity to study parents’ Cultural Belief systems, or “parental ethnotheories,” as they influence children’s settings and activities in the absence of other environmental supports. This study examined Asian Indian immigrant mothers’ (n = 10) and matched Euro-American mothers’ (n = 10) ethnotheories about their daughters by means of analysis of the mothers’ discourse in the context of semistructured interviews, multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis of the descriptors, and consensus analysis. The mothers’ ethnotheories are reflected in differences between the settings and daily activities of their daughters. The Indian immigrant mothers’ ideas and practices are compared to findings in the Whitings’ comparative field studies and discussed i...

  • Parents' Cultural Belief systems : their origins, expressions, and consequences
    Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1997
    Co-Authors: Sara Harkness, Charles M. Super
    Abstract:

    1. Introduction, Harkness and Super I. Theoretical Perspectives 2. Parents' Free Descriptions of Child Characteristics: A Cross-Cultural Search for the Developmental Antecendents of the Big Five, Kohnstamm, Halverson, Havill, and Mervielde 3. Processes of Generalization in Parental Reasoning, Valsiner and Litvinovic 4. The Answer Depends on the Question: A Conceptual and Methodological Analysis of a Parent Belief Behavior Interview Regarding Children's Learning, Sigel and Kim II. The Nature and Origins of Parents' Cultural Belief Systems 5. Essential Contrasts: Differences in Parental Ideas About Learners and Teaching in Tahiti and Nepal, Levy 6. How do Children Develop Knowledge?: Beliefs of Tansanian and American Mothers, McGillicuddy-De Lisi and Subramanian 7. Japanese Mothers' Ideas about Infants and Temperament, Shwalb, Shwalb, and Shoji 8. Scenes from a Marriage: Equality Ideology in Swedish Family Policy, Maternal Ethnotheories, and Practice, Welles-Nystrom III. IntraCultural Variation: The Role of Education and "Experts" 9. Parents' and Adolescents' Ideas on Children: Origins and Transmission of IntraCultural Diversity, Palacios and Moreno 10. Education and Mother Infant Interaction: A Mexican Case Study, LeVine, Miller, Richman, and LeVine 11. The Contrasting Developmental Timetables of Parents and Preschool Teachers in Two Cultural Communities, Edwards, Gandini, and Giovaninni 12. Ask the Doctor: The Negotiation of Cultural Models in American Parent Pediatrician Discourse, Harkness, Super, Keefer, Raghavan, and Kipp IV. The Instantiation of Parents' Cultural Belief Systems in Practices 13. From Household Practices to Parents' Ideas About Work and Interpersonal Relationships, Goodnow 14. How Mayan Parental Theories Come Into Play, Gaskins 15. Parental Theories in the Management of Young Children's Sleep in Japan, Italy, and the United States, Wolf, Lozoff, Latz, and Pauladetto 16. Maternal Beliefs and Infant-Care Practices in Italy and the United States, New and Richman V. The Consequences of Parents' Cultural Belief Systems for Children's Health and Development 17. My Child is My Crown: Yoruba Parental Theories and Practices in Early Childhood, Zeitlin 18. Growth Consequences of Low-Income Nicaraguan Mothers' Theories About Feeding 1-Year-Olds, Engle, Zeitlin, and Medrano 19. The "Three R's" of Dutch Childrearing and the Socialization of Infant Arousal, Super, Harkness, van Tijen, van der Flugt, Fintelman, and Dijkstra 20. Imagining and Engaging One's Children: Lessons From Poor, Rural New England Mothers, Bond, Belenky, Weinstock, and Cook 21. American Cultural Models of Early Influence and Parent Recognition of Developmental Delays: Is Earlier Always Better Than Later?, Weisner, Matheson, and Bernheimer

Liz Brooker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Learning How To Learn: Parental Ethnotheories and Young Children's Preparation for School.
    International Journal of Early Years Education, 2003
    Co-Authors: Liz Brooker
    Abstract:

    This paper discusses one aspect of the findings from an ethnographic study of the ways in which four-year-old children learn, and are taught, at home and in their Reception class. The children were from two distinctive Cultural backgrounds within the same urban neighbourhood: one-half belonged to UK ('Anglo') families, and one-half to families from Bangladesh. They were observed and assessed throughout their first school year, and additional data were collected from interviews with parents, practitioners and the children themselves. Analysis of the data suggested that one way of understanding the variation in the children's experiences was through the ethnotheories, or Cultural Belief systems, of their home communities--such as their parents' concepts of childhood, and their theories of intelligence and instruction. The paper argues that such differences in children's home preparation have consequences for their school experience, and carry implications for their school providers. The study of parental et...