The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Robert West - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
placebo controlled trial of Cytisine for smoking cessation
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Robert West, Magdalena Cedzynska, Joanna Pazik, D Lewandowska, Witold Zatonski, Paul Aveyard, John StapletonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cytisine, a partial agonist that binds with high affinity to the α4β2nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is a low-cost treatment that may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Cytisine as compared with placebo. METHODS: We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Cytisine or matching placebo for 25 days; participants in both groups received a minimal amount of counseling during the study. The primary outcome measure was sustained, biochemically verified smoking abstinence for 12 months after the end of treatment. Of 1542 adult smokers screened, 740 were enrolled and 370 were randomly assigned to each study group. RESULTS: The rate of sustained 12-month abstinence was 8.4% (31 participants) in the Cytisine group as compared with 2.4% (9 participants) in the placebo group (difference, 6.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.2; P = 0.001). The 7-day point prevalence for abstinence at the 12-month follow-up was 13.2% in the Cytisine group versus 7.3% in the placebo group (P=0.01). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported more frequently in the Cytisine group (difference, 5.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.2). CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center study, Cytisine was more effective than placebo for smoking cessation. The lower price of Cytisine as compared with that of other pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation may make it an affordable treatment to advance smoking cessation globally. (Funded by the National Prevention Research Initiative and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN37568749.). Copyright © 2011 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
-
Placebo-Controlled Trial of Cytisine for Smoking Cessation
New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Robert West, Magdalena Cedzynska, Joanna Pazik, D Lewandowska, Witold Zatonski, Paul Aveyard, John StapletonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cytisine, a partial agonist that binds with high affinity to the α(4)β(2) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is a low-cost treatment that may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Cytisine as compared with placebo.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Cytisine or matching placebo for 25 days; participants in both groups received a minimal amount of counseling during the study. The primary outcome measure was sustained, biochemically verified smoking abstinence for 12 months after the end of treatment. Of 1542 adult smokers screened, 740 were enrolled and 370 were randomly assigned to each study group.\n\nRESULTS: The rate of sustained 12-month abstinence was 8.4% (31 participants) in the Cytisine group as compared with 2.4% (9 participants) in the placebo group (difference, 6.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.2; P=0.001). The 7-day point prevalence for abstinence at the 12-month follow-up was 13.2% in the Cytisine group versus 7.3% in the placebo group (P=0.01). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported more frequently in the Cytisine group (difference, 5.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.2).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In this single-center study, Cytisine was more effective than placebo for smoking cessation. The lower price of Cytisine as compared with that of other pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation may make it an affordable treatment to advance smoking cessation globally.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation a research agenda
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2008Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Etter, Robert West, Ronald J Lukas, Neal L Benowitz, CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for α4β2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation: a research agenda.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2007Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Etter, Robert West, Ronald J Lukas, Neal L Benowitz, CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for alpha4beta2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives.
Jeanfrancois Etter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation a research agenda
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2008Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Etter, Robert West, Ronald J Lukas, Neal L Benowitz, CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for α4β2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation: a research agenda.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2007Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Etter, Robert West, Ronald J Lukas, Neal L Benowitz, CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for alpha4beta2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation a literature review and a meta analysis
JAMA Internal Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois EtterAbstract:Background Cytisine is an agonist of nicotinic receptors; in particular, it binds strongly with α 4 β 2 nicotinic receptors. Cytisine has been used to treat tobacco dependence for 40 years in Eastern Europe. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the effect of Cytisine on smoking cessation. Methods Review of PubMed, EMBASE, Psychological Abstracts , BIOSIS, Google.com, and Scholar.google.com, using the keywords Cytisine, cytisin, zytisin, cytisinum, Tabex, and smoking cessation. Experts and the manufacturer of Tabex were contacted. Placebo-controlled trials were included in a meta-analysis. Results Ten studies reported the effects of Cytisine on smoking cessation, including 4 controlled studies (3 placebo controlled). Nine studies used the Bulgarian drug Tabex, containing 1.5 mg of Cytisine per tablet, and one Russian study used buccal films containing either 1.5 mg of Cytisine or 0.75 mg of Cytisine plus 0.75 mg of anabasine. All studies were published between 1967 and 2005 in Bulgaria, Germany, Poland, and Russia. There were 4404 smokers treated with Cytisine and 3518 in control conditions. The pooled odds ratio after 3 to 8 weeks in the 3 placebo-controlled trials (2 were double blind and 1 was randomized) was 1.93 (95% confidence interval, 1.21-3.06). For the 2 placebo-controlled double-blind trials with a longer follow-up, the pooled odds ratio after 3 to 6 months was 1.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.12-2.99). One placebo-controlled double-blind trial had follow-up after 2 years (odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-2.43). Some adverse effects were reported. Most trials were, however, of poor quality. Conclusions Cytisine may be effective for smoking cessation. This fact remained largely unnoticed in the English-language literature.
CM Dresler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation: A research agenda
DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN, 2008Co-Authors: CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based,partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for alpha 4 beta 2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation a research agenda
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2008Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Etter, Robert West, Ronald J Lukas, Neal L Benowitz, CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for α4β2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives.
-
Cytisine for smoking cessation: a research agenda.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2007Co-Authors: Jeanfrancois Etter, Robert West, Ronald J Lukas, Neal L Benowitz, CM DreslerAbstract:Cytisine has a molecular structure somewhat similar to that of nicotine and varenicline. The concept for the new smoking cessation drug varenicline was based partly on Cytisine. Like varenicline, Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with high affinity for alpha4beta2 receptors. Cytisine has been used since the 1960s as a smoking cessation drug in Eastern and Central Europe, but has remained largely unnoticed elsewhere. Three placebo-controlled trials, conducted in East and West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, suggest that Cytisine, even with minimal behavioural support, may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. Cytisine tablets are very inexpensive to produce and could be a more affordable treatment than nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline. There is however a dearth of scientific research on the properties of Cytisine, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy. This paper seeks to identify research priorities for molecular, animal and clinical studies. In particular, new studies are necessary to define the nicotinic receptor interaction profile of Cytisine, to establish its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans, to determine whether animals self-administer Cytisine, and to ascertain whether Cytisine is safe and effective as a smoking cessation drug. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to wider use of an inexpensive drug, could save many lives.
John Stapleton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
placebo controlled trial of Cytisine for smoking cessation
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Robert West, Magdalena Cedzynska, Joanna Pazik, D Lewandowska, Witold Zatonski, Paul Aveyard, John StapletonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cytisine, a partial agonist that binds with high affinity to the α4β2nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is a low-cost treatment that may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Cytisine as compared with placebo. METHODS: We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Cytisine or matching placebo for 25 days; participants in both groups received a minimal amount of counseling during the study. The primary outcome measure was sustained, biochemically verified smoking abstinence for 12 months after the end of treatment. Of 1542 adult smokers screened, 740 were enrolled and 370 were randomly assigned to each study group. RESULTS: The rate of sustained 12-month abstinence was 8.4% (31 participants) in the Cytisine group as compared with 2.4% (9 participants) in the placebo group (difference, 6.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.2; P = 0.001). The 7-day point prevalence for abstinence at the 12-month follow-up was 13.2% in the Cytisine group versus 7.3% in the placebo group (P=0.01). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported more frequently in the Cytisine group (difference, 5.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.2). CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center study, Cytisine was more effective than placebo for smoking cessation. The lower price of Cytisine as compared with that of other pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation may make it an affordable treatment to advance smoking cessation globally. (Funded by the National Prevention Research Initiative and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN37568749.). Copyright © 2011 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
-
Placebo-Controlled Trial of Cytisine for Smoking Cessation
New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Robert West, Magdalena Cedzynska, Joanna Pazik, D Lewandowska, Witold Zatonski, Paul Aveyard, John StapletonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cytisine, a partial agonist that binds with high affinity to the α(4)β(2) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is a low-cost treatment that may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Cytisine as compared with placebo.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Cytisine or matching placebo for 25 days; participants in both groups received a minimal amount of counseling during the study. The primary outcome measure was sustained, biochemically verified smoking abstinence for 12 months after the end of treatment. Of 1542 adult smokers screened, 740 were enrolled and 370 were randomly assigned to each study group.\n\nRESULTS: The rate of sustained 12-month abstinence was 8.4% (31 participants) in the Cytisine group as compared with 2.4% (9 participants) in the placebo group (difference, 6.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.2; P=0.001). The 7-day point prevalence for abstinence at the 12-month follow-up was 13.2% in the Cytisine group versus 7.3% in the placebo group (P=0.01). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported more frequently in the Cytisine group (difference, 5.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.2).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In this single-center study, Cytisine was more effective than placebo for smoking cessation. The lower price of Cytisine as compared with that of other pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation may make it an affordable treatment to advance smoking cessation globally.
Witold Zatonski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Cytisine versus nicotine for smoking cessation
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Witold Zatonski, Mateusz ZatonskiAbstract:To the Editor: Walker et al. (Dec. 18 issue)1 describe the use of Cytisine, as compared with nicotine, for smoking cessation. Although Cytisine is perceived as a novelty in the West, it has been used in daily medical practice in Poland for more than 50 years.2 In 1976, the first English-language study on the use of Cytisine in Poland was published, based on the observations of 1968 patients.3 Cytisine is currently undergoing a renaissance in Poland. Two Polish studies — a cohort study conducted in 2003 through 20054 and a randomized, controlled trial conducted in 2006 through 20105 — showed . . .
-
placebo controlled trial of Cytisine for smoking cessation
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Robert West, Magdalena Cedzynska, Joanna Pazik, D Lewandowska, Witold Zatonski, Paul Aveyard, John StapletonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cytisine, a partial agonist that binds with high affinity to the α4β2nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is a low-cost treatment that may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Cytisine as compared with placebo. METHODS: We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Cytisine or matching placebo for 25 days; participants in both groups received a minimal amount of counseling during the study. The primary outcome measure was sustained, biochemically verified smoking abstinence for 12 months after the end of treatment. Of 1542 adult smokers screened, 740 were enrolled and 370 were randomly assigned to each study group. RESULTS: The rate of sustained 12-month abstinence was 8.4% (31 participants) in the Cytisine group as compared with 2.4% (9 participants) in the placebo group (difference, 6.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.2; P = 0.001). The 7-day point prevalence for abstinence at the 12-month follow-up was 13.2% in the Cytisine group versus 7.3% in the placebo group (P=0.01). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported more frequently in the Cytisine group (difference, 5.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.2). CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center study, Cytisine was more effective than placebo for smoking cessation. The lower price of Cytisine as compared with that of other pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation may make it an affordable treatment to advance smoking cessation globally. (Funded by the National Prevention Research Initiative and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN37568749.). Copyright © 2011 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
-
Placebo-Controlled Trial of Cytisine for Smoking Cessation
New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Robert West, Magdalena Cedzynska, Joanna Pazik, D Lewandowska, Witold Zatonski, Paul Aveyard, John StapletonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cytisine, a partial agonist that binds with high affinity to the α(4)β(2) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is a low-cost treatment that may be effective in aiding smoking cessation. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Cytisine as compared with placebo.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Cytisine or matching placebo for 25 days; participants in both groups received a minimal amount of counseling during the study. The primary outcome measure was sustained, biochemically verified smoking abstinence for 12 months after the end of treatment. Of 1542 adult smokers screened, 740 were enrolled and 370 were randomly assigned to each study group.\n\nRESULTS: The rate of sustained 12-month abstinence was 8.4% (31 participants) in the Cytisine group as compared with 2.4% (9 participants) in the placebo group (difference, 6.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.2; P=0.001). The 7-day point prevalence for abstinence at the 12-month follow-up was 13.2% in the Cytisine group versus 7.3% in the placebo group (P=0.01). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported more frequently in the Cytisine group (difference, 5.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.2).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In this single-center study, Cytisine was more effective than placebo for smoking cessation. The lower price of Cytisine as compared with that of other pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation may make it an affordable treatment to advance smoking cessation globally.
