Death and Dying

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Donald B Witzke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • education about Death and Dying during the clinical years of medical school
    Surgery, 1993
    Co-Authors: William D Rappaport, Donald B Witzke
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Although there has been a dramatic increase in education about Death and Dying in medical school curricula, the physician's interaction with terminally ill patients and their families still causes concern. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of the third-year clerkship on education of medical students about Death and Dying. METHODS From August 1, 1988, to August 1, 1990, a questionnaire concerning the care of terminally ill patients was distributed to all students completing the third-year clinical clerkship at our medical school. RESULTS One hundred and eighty questionnaires were distributed, of which 106 were returned, yielding a response rate of 59%. All students had cared for a terminally ill patient during their third year. Forty-four (41%) students responding had never been present when an attending physician talked with a Dying patient, and 37 (35%) had never discussed with an attending physician how to deal with a terminally ill patient. During the surgical clerkship 77 (73%) students had never been present when a surgeon had to tell the family of a patient bad news after surgery, and 90 (85%) had never been present when an attending surgeon had informed a family that their relative had died. Despite the fact that the curriculum addresses the stages of Death and Dying, almost half of the students could not remember these. When they were discharging a terminally ill patient home, one third of students could not identify problems that would be encountered by the family in caring for the patient. CONCLUSIONS Fifty-seven (54%) felt that they were poorly equipped to deal with terminally ill patients on graduation from medical school, and 91% welcomed the opportunity to be educated in this area during the clinical years.

William D Rappaport - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • education about Death and Dying during the clinical years of medical school
    Surgery, 1993
    Co-Authors: William D Rappaport, Donald B Witzke
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Although there has been a dramatic increase in education about Death and Dying in medical school curricula, the physician's interaction with terminally ill patients and their families still causes concern. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of the third-year clerkship on education of medical students about Death and Dying. METHODS From August 1, 1988, to August 1, 1990, a questionnaire concerning the care of terminally ill patients was distributed to all students completing the third-year clinical clerkship at our medical school. RESULTS One hundred and eighty questionnaires were distributed, of which 106 were returned, yielding a response rate of 59%. All students had cared for a terminally ill patient during their third year. Forty-four (41%) students responding had never been present when an attending physician talked with a Dying patient, and 37 (35%) had never discussed with an attending physician how to deal with a terminally ill patient. During the surgical clerkship 77 (73%) students had never been present when a surgeon had to tell the family of a patient bad news after surgery, and 90 (85%) had never been present when an attending surgeon had informed a family that their relative had died. Despite the fact that the curriculum addresses the stages of Death and Dying, almost half of the students could not remember these. When they were discharging a terminally ill patient home, one third of students could not identify problems that would be encountered by the family in caring for the patient. CONCLUSIONS Fifty-seven (54%) felt that they were poorly equipped to deal with terminally ill patients on graduation from medical school, and 91% welcomed the opportunity to be educated in this area during the clinical years.

Ingalill Rahm Hallberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Death and Dying from old people’s point of view. A literature review
    Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Ingalill Rahm Hallberg
    Abstract:

    Providing high-quality end-of-life care to older people is a requirement especially for countries with a high proportion of old and very old people. This calls for an understanding of older people’s view of Death and Dying, and one way forward is to investigate the current knowledge base. This study aimed at reviewing the literature of empirical studies about older people’s view of Death and Dying, whether in a terminal phase of life or not. A total of 33 publications were included, identified in a stepwise literature search done in Medline, CINAHL and PsychInfo, using the terms “Death”, “attitude to Death”, “Death” and “Dying” in combination with “aged”. Very few studies focused solely on the oldest old. The designs were mainly cross-sectional, quantitative or qualitative, using personal interviews. Some common themes of importance for further research were revealed, such as older people’s readiness to talk about Death and Dying, conceptions of Death, after-Death and Dying, and were seemingly related to anxiety about Death, the impact on and of those close by, having both negative and positive connotations, especially related to balancing closeness, being a burden and dependency, Death anxiety and its possible antecedents, the fine line between natural sadness and suffering from depression, and worry about the end-of-life phase. The lack of studies dealing with older people’s view of Death and Dying, and the heterogeneity with regard to research questions and samples implies that findings may serve mainly as inspiration for further research.

  • Death and Dying from old people s point of view a literature review
    Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Ingalill Rahm Hallberg
    Abstract:

    Providing high-quality end-of-life care to older people is a requirement especially for countries with a high proportion of old and very old people. This calls for an understanding of older people’s view of Death and Dying, and one way forward is to investigate the current knowledge base. This study aimed at reviewing the literature of empirical studies about older people’s view of Death and Dying, whether in a terminal phase of life or not. A total of 33 publications were included, identified in a stepwise literature search done in Medline, CINAHL and PsychInfo, using the terms “Death”, “attitude to Death”, “Death” and “Dying” in combination with “aged”. Very few studies focused solely on the oldest old. The designs were mainly cross-sectional, quantitative or qualitative, using personal interviews. Some common themes of importance for further research were revealed, such as older people’s readiness to talk about Death and Dying, conceptions of Death, after-Death and Dying, and were seemingly related to anxiety about Death, the impact on and of those close by, having both negative and positive connotations, especially related to balancing closeness, being a burden and dependency, Death anxiety and its possible antecedents, the fine line between natural sadness and suffering from depression, and worry about the end-of-life phase. The lack of studies dealing with older people’s view of Death and Dying, and the heterogeneity with regard to research questions and samples implies that findings may serve mainly as inspiration for further research.

Lauren Olewnik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

David E. Balk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Death and Dying
    Encyclopedia of Mental Health, 2016
    Co-Authors: David E. Balk
    Abstract:

    This article examines three main topics in the Death and Dying field. These topics are: (1) the impact of the biomedical model on our understanding of and experience of Death and Dying, (2) efforts to make a good Death both possible and expected, and (3) coping with Dying seen in terms of tasks to accomplish. Evidence indicates that in several ways Death and Dying is receiving much more attention, at least in developed countries. Examples are the popularity of university curricula focused on Death and Dying and the increased emphasis from several quarters on promoting a good Death.

  • The Psychology of Death and Dying in Later Life
    Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, 2016
    Co-Authors: David E. Balk
    Abstract:

    This chapter examines the psychology of Death and Dying in later life. The chapter is divided into three main sections. First, the chapter reviews significant cultural and societal transformative influences on the contemporary experiences of Death and Dying; chief among these influences are the triumph of secular values, the dominance of science and technology, increases in the average life-span, and the triumph of the biomedical model. Second, the chapter looks at individual expectations and fears about Dying; the efforts to make a good Death the norm of medical care is reviewed. Third, attention is given to bereavement, grief, and mourning, including a summary of prominent models to explain human responses to loss and a review of empirical research studies of bereavement in the later years.

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