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Anthony Hunter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Review of Argumentation Based on Deductive Arguments
2018Co-Authors: Philippe Besnard, Anthony HunterAbstract:A Deductive Argument is a pair where the first item is a set of premises, the second item is a claim, and the premises entail the claim. This can be formalized by assuming a logical language for the premises and the claim, and logical entailment (or consequence relation) for showing that the claim follows from the premises. Examples of logics that can be used include classical logic, modal logic, description logic, temporal logic, and conditional logic. A counter Argument for an argu-ment Ais an Argument B where the claim of B contradicts the premises of A. Different choices of logic, and different choices for the precise definitions of Argument and counterArgument, give us a range of possibilities for formalizing Deductive Argumentation. Further options are available to us for choosing the Arguments and counterArguments we put into anArgument graph. If we are to construct an Argument graph based on the Arguments that can be constructed from a knowledge base, then we can be exhaustive in including all Arguments and counterArguments that can be constructed from the knowledge base. But there are other options available to us. These include being selective in the Arguments and counterArgument we present according to a specified criterion. We consider some of the possibilities in this review and introduce properties and postulates for comparing proposals for Deductive Argumentation.
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constructing Argument graphs with Deductive Arguments a tutorial
Argument & Computation, 2014Co-Authors: Philippe Besnard, Anthony HunterAbstract:A Deductive Argument is a pair where the first item is a set of premises, the second item is a claim, and the premises entail the claim. This can be formalised by assuming a logical language for the premises and the claim, and logical entailment (or consequence relation) for showing that the claim follows from the premises. Examples of logics that can be used include classical logic, modal logic, description logic, temporal logic, and conditional logic. A counterArgument for an Argument A is an Argument B where the claim of B contradicts the premises of A. Different choices of logic, and different choices for the precise definitions of Argument and counterArgument, give us a range of possibilities for formalising Deductive Argumentation. Further options are available to us for choosing the Arguments and counterArguments we put into an Argument graph. If we are to construct an Argument graph based on the Arguments that can be constructed from a knowledgebase, then we can be exhaustive in including all argu...
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structural properties for Deductive Argument systems
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 7958 L pp. 278-28, 2013Co-Authors: Anthony Hunter, Stefan WoltranAbstract:There have been a number of proposals for using Deductive Arguments for instantiating abstract Argumentation. These take a set of formulae as a knowledgebase, and generate a graph where each node is a logical Argument and each arc is a logical attack. This then raises the question of whether for a specific logical Argument system S, and for any graph G, there is a knowledgebase such that S generates G. If it holds, then it can be described as a kind of "structural" property of the system. If it fails then, it means that there are situations that cannot be captured by the system. In this paper, we explore some features, and the significance, of such structural properties. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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structural properties for Deductive Argument systems
European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty, 2013Co-Authors: Anthony Hunter, Stefan WoltranAbstract:There have been a number of proposals for using Deductive Arguments for instantiating abstract Argumentation. These take a set of formulae as a knowledgebase, and generate a graph where each node is a logical Argument and each arc is a logical attack. This then raises the question of whether for a specific logical Argument system S, and for any graph G, there is a knowledgebase such that S generates G. If it holds, then it can be described as a kind of "structural" property of the system. If it fails then, it means that there are situations that cannot be captured by the system. In this paper, we explore some features, and the significance, of such structural properties.
Thomas Müller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The reversibility objection against the Second Law of thermodynamics viewed, and avoided, from a logical point of view
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 2019Co-Authors: Thomas MüllerAbstract:Abstract In this paper we offer a formal-logical analysis of the famous reversibility objection against the Second Law of thermodynamics. We reconstruct the objection as a Deductive Argument leading to a contradiction, employing resources of standard quantified modal logic and thereby highlighting explicit and implicit assumptions with respect to possibility, identity, and their interaction. We then describe an alternative framework, case-intensional first order logic, that has greater expressive resources than standard quantified modal logic. We show that in that framework we can account for the role of sortals in possibility judgments. This allows us to formalize the relevant truths involved in the reversibility objection in such a way that no contradiction ensues. We claim that this analysis helps to understand in which way the Second Law is, specifically, a law of thermodynamics, but not of systems of particles in general.
Stefan Woltran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structural properties for Deductive Argument systems
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 7958 L pp. 278-28, 2013Co-Authors: Anthony Hunter, Stefan WoltranAbstract:There have been a number of proposals for using Deductive Arguments for instantiating abstract Argumentation. These take a set of formulae as a knowledgebase, and generate a graph where each node is a logical Argument and each arc is a logical attack. This then raises the question of whether for a specific logical Argument system S, and for any graph G, there is a knowledgebase such that S generates G. If it holds, then it can be described as a kind of "structural" property of the system. If it fails then, it means that there are situations that cannot be captured by the system. In this paper, we explore some features, and the significance, of such structural properties. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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structural properties for Deductive Argument systems
European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty, 2013Co-Authors: Anthony Hunter, Stefan WoltranAbstract:There have been a number of proposals for using Deductive Arguments for instantiating abstract Argumentation. These take a set of formulae as a knowledgebase, and generate a graph where each node is a logical Argument and each arc is a logical attack. This then raises the question of whether for a specific logical Argument system S, and for any graph G, there is a knowledgebase such that S generates G. If it holds, then it can be described as a kind of "structural" property of the system. If it fails then, it means that there are situations that cannot be captured by the system. In this paper, we explore some features, and the significance, of such structural properties.
George Bowles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Deductive/Inductive Distinction
Informal Logic, 1994Co-Authors: George BowlesAbstract:In this paper I examine five distinctions between Deductive and inductive Arguments, concluding that the best of the five defines a Deductive Argument as one in which conclusive favorable relevance to its conclusion is attributed to its premises, and an inductive Argument as any Argument that is not Deductive. This distinction, unlike its rivals, is both exclusive and exhaustive; permits both good and bad Arguments of each kind; and is both useful and needed in evaluating at least some Arguments.
Fábio Perin Shecaira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Value of Methodological Deductivism in Argument Construction
Informal Logic, 2018Co-Authors: Fábio Perin ShecairaAbstract:“Deductivism” is a broad label for various theories that emphasize the importance of Deductive Argument in contexts of rational discussion. This paper makes a case for a very specific form of deductivism. The paper highlights the dialectical importance of advancing Deductively valid Arguments (with plausible premises) in natural-language reasoning. Sections 2 and 3 explain the various forms that deductivism has taken. Section 4 makes a case for a particular form of deductivism. Section 5 discusses the value of Deductive Argument in law. Section 6 concludes and acknowledges critical questions that need to be addressed more fully in future work.
