The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
D. G. White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of Food-Grade Dent Corn Hybrids for Severity of Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Accumulation in Grain
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Craig E. Kleinschmidt, M. J. Clements, Chris M. Maragos, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:Kleinschmidt, C. E., Clements, M. J., Maragos, C. M., Pataky, J. K., and White, D. G. 2005. Evaluation of food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain. Plant Dis. 89:291-297. Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of Corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We iDentified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (
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evaluation of food grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Craig E. Kleinschmidt, M. J. Clements, Chris M. Maragos, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:Kleinschmidt, C. E., Clements, M. J., Maragos, C. M., Pataky, J. K., and White, D. G. 2005. Evaluation of food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain. Plant Dis. 89:291-297. Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of Corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We iDentified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (<4 µg/g) of fumonisin accumulation in Illinois in most years. Twenty-six hybrids with low or high fumonisin accumulation in 2000 were reevaluated in noninoculated trials at three locations in Illinois in 2001. Fumonisin concentration in grain at all three locations was relatively low; thus, separation of hybrids was poor. At two locations, those hybrids with the highest fumonisin concentration in grain also had high concentrations following inoculation. However, one hybrid that had relatively low fumonisin concentration following inoculation had unacceptable levels of fumonisin (5 µg/g) in natural conditions. Therefore, hybrids need to be evaluated by inoculation and further evaluated at locations where the environment favors fumonisin accumulation. Additional keyword: maize
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Transmission of Erwinia stewartii from plants to kernels and reactions of Corn hybrids to Stewart's wilt.
Plant Disease, 2002Co-Authors: P. M. Michener, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:ABSTRACT Stewart's wilt reactions of 98 food-grade, white Corn hybrids, 3 yellow Dent Corn hybrids, and 23 sweet Corn hybrids and infection of kernels by E. stewartii were evaluated in 1998, 1999, and 2000. Stewart's wilt symptoms were rated from 1 (no appreciable spread of symptoms) to 9 (dead plants) following inoculation. The mean Stewart's wilt ratings for the food-grade, white Corn and yellow Dent Corn hybrids were 1.9, 2.4, and 2.9 in 1998, 1999, and 2000, respectively. The mean Stewart's wilt ratings for the sweet Corn hybrids were 3.8, 4.2, and 4.6 in 1998, 1999, and 2000, respectively. Hybrids with ratings less than 3 were classified as resistant. Hybrids with ratings between 3 and 4.5 were classified as moderate. Hybrids with ratings greater than 4.5 were classified as susceptible. Ears harvested from each row in 1998 and 1999 were assayed for E. stewartii using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based seed health test. Kernels from 16 hybrids were positive for E. stewartii in 1998. Ke...
Pawan Singh Takhar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling of moisture diffusivities for components of yellow Dent Corn kernels
Journal of Cereal Science, 2009Co-Authors: Guibing Chen, Dirk E Maier, Osvaldo H Campanella, Pawan Singh TakharAbstract:The objective of this study was to develop a method to characterize the diffusivity of different components of yellow-Dent Corn kernels. The equation D=D0ⅇ−C/TMn was proposed to describe the moisture diffusivity of yellow-Dent Corn kernel components. In the equation D (m2/s), T (K), and M (dry basis) are moisture diffusivity, temperature, and moisture content, respectively; whereas D0 (m2/s), C (K), and n are parameters for each component. In order to determine these parameters, each component was separated from the Corn kernels and its drying curves were measured at controlled conditions using a Moisture Sorption Analyzer. The parameters were determined by an optimization algorithm that minimized the sum of squares of differences between the measured and calculated moisture contents. As moisture sorption data can provide typical drying curves obtained under well specified and controlled external conditions, the minimization algorithm involved the inversion of the typical drying equation governing the transfer of moisture through the Corn kernel. Thus, Fick's second law of diffusion, solved using the COMSOL Multiphysics package, was used to describe moisture transfer in the drying samples. Information obtained in this study is needed to model moisture transfer within Corn kernels during the drying process and minimize drying-induced stress cracks.
Craig E. Kleinschmidt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of Food-Grade Dent Corn Hybrids for Severity of Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Accumulation in Grain
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Craig E. Kleinschmidt, M. J. Clements, Chris M. Maragos, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:Kleinschmidt, C. E., Clements, M. J., Maragos, C. M., Pataky, J. K., and White, D. G. 2005. Evaluation of food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain. Plant Dis. 89:291-297. Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of Corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We iDentified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (
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evaluation of food grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Craig E. Kleinschmidt, M. J. Clements, Chris M. Maragos, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:Kleinschmidt, C. E., Clements, M. J., Maragos, C. M., Pataky, J. K., and White, D. G. 2005. Evaluation of food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain. Plant Dis. 89:291-297. Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of Corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We iDentified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (<4 µg/g) of fumonisin accumulation in Illinois in most years. Twenty-six hybrids with low or high fumonisin accumulation in 2000 were reevaluated in noninoculated trials at three locations in Illinois in 2001. Fumonisin concentration in grain at all three locations was relatively low; thus, separation of hybrids was poor. At two locations, those hybrids with the highest fumonisin concentration in grain also had high concentrations following inoculation. However, one hybrid that had relatively low fumonisin concentration following inoculation had unacceptable levels of fumonisin (5 µg/g) in natural conditions. Therefore, hybrids need to be evaluated by inoculation and further evaluated at locations where the environment favors fumonisin accumulation. Additional keyword: maize
Jerald K. Pataky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of Food-Grade Dent Corn Hybrids for Severity of Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Accumulation in Grain
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Craig E. Kleinschmidt, M. J. Clements, Chris M. Maragos, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:Kleinschmidt, C. E., Clements, M. J., Maragos, C. M., Pataky, J. K., and White, D. G. 2005. Evaluation of food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain. Plant Dis. 89:291-297. Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of Corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We iDentified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (
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evaluation of food grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Craig E. Kleinschmidt, M. J. Clements, Chris M. Maragos, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:Kleinschmidt, C. E., Clements, M. J., Maragos, C. M., Pataky, J. K., and White, D. G. 2005. Evaluation of food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain. Plant Dis. 89:291-297. Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of Corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade Dent Corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We iDentified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (<4 µg/g) of fumonisin accumulation in Illinois in most years. Twenty-six hybrids with low or high fumonisin accumulation in 2000 were reevaluated in noninoculated trials at three locations in Illinois in 2001. Fumonisin concentration in grain at all three locations was relatively low; thus, separation of hybrids was poor. At two locations, those hybrids with the highest fumonisin concentration in grain also had high concentrations following inoculation. However, one hybrid that had relatively low fumonisin concentration following inoculation had unacceptable levels of fumonisin (5 µg/g) in natural conditions. Therefore, hybrids need to be evaluated by inoculation and further evaluated at locations where the environment favors fumonisin accumulation. Additional keyword: maize
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Transmission of Erwinia stewartii from plants to kernels and reactions of Corn hybrids to Stewart's wilt.
Plant Disease, 2002Co-Authors: P. M. Michener, Jerald K. Pataky, D. G. WhiteAbstract:ABSTRACT Stewart's wilt reactions of 98 food-grade, white Corn hybrids, 3 yellow Dent Corn hybrids, and 23 sweet Corn hybrids and infection of kernels by E. stewartii were evaluated in 1998, 1999, and 2000. Stewart's wilt symptoms were rated from 1 (no appreciable spread of symptoms) to 9 (dead plants) following inoculation. The mean Stewart's wilt ratings for the food-grade, white Corn and yellow Dent Corn hybrids were 1.9, 2.4, and 2.9 in 1998, 1999, and 2000, respectively. The mean Stewart's wilt ratings for the sweet Corn hybrids were 3.8, 4.2, and 4.6 in 1998, 1999, and 2000, respectively. Hybrids with ratings less than 3 were classified as resistant. Hybrids with ratings between 3 and 4.5 were classified as moderate. Hybrids with ratings greater than 4.5 were classified as susceptible. Ears harvested from each row in 1998 and 1999 were assayed for E. stewartii using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based seed health test. Kernels from 16 hybrids were positive for E. stewartii in 1998. Ke...
Richard A. Zinn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of processing method on comparative digestion of white Corn versus conventional steam flaked yellow Dent Corn in finishing diets for feedlot cattle
Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: Alejandro Plascencia, R. M. Bermúdez, M. Cervantes, Luis Corona, N. Torrentera, H Davilaramos, M A Lopezsoto, Richard A. ZinnAbstract:: Four Holstein steers (137 ± 2 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to evaluate the influence of processing method on comparative digestion of white Corn. Treatments consisted of a basal finishing diet containing 80% Corn grain (DM basis) as 1) dry-rolled white Corn (DRWC), 2) steam-flaked white Corn (SFWC) with 0.36 kg/L flake density (SFWC36), 3) SFWC, 0.31 kg/L flake density (SFWC31), and 4) steam-flaked yellow Corn (SFYC) with 0.31 kg/L flake density (SFYC31). Characteristics of ruminal, postruminal, and apparent total tract digestion of OM, starch, and N were similar (P ≥ 0.08) for SFYC31 and SFWC31 treatments. Decreasing flake density of white Corn (from 0.36 to 0.31 kg/L) did not affect (P = 0.22) ruminal OM digestion, but increased (1.9%, P = 0.07) apparent total tract OM digestion. Compared with dry rolling, steam flaking white Corn increased ruminal (9.4%, P = 0.05), postruminal (14.4%, P < 0.01), and apparent total tract OM digestion (8.2%, P < 0.01), reflecting corresponding increases in ruminal (13.3%, P < 0.01), postruminal (43%, P < 0.01), and apparent total tract (12.3%, P < 0.01) starch digestion. Apparent postruminal and apparent total-tract N digestion also were greater (6.5 and 5.6%, respectively, P = 0.04) for SFWC than for DRWC. The DE value of SFWC and SFYC diets was similar, averaging 3.39 Mcal/kg. The DE value of SFWC was greater (8.1%, P < 0.01) than that of DRWC. Ruminal pH (4 h postprandial) averaged 5.74 and was not affected (P ≥ 0.48) by dietary treatments. Compared with dry rolling, steam flaking markedly enhances the feeding value of white Corn, with optimal flake density being less than 0.36 kg/L. Although white Corn has greater vitreous endosperm content, characteristics of ruminal starch digestion and undegradable intake protein are similar to conventional yellow Dent Corn when processed to a similar flake density (0.31 kg/L). However, postruminal and apparent total tract starch digestion tends to be slightly less for flaked white Corn than for yellow Corn.
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Influence of processing method on comparative digestion of white Corn versus conventional steam-flaked yellow Dent Corn in finishing diets for feedlot cattle
Journal of Animal Science, 2010Co-Authors: Alejandro Plascencia, R. M. Bermúdez, M. Cervantes, Luis Corona, H. Dávila-ramos, M. A. López-soto, N. Torrentera, Richard A. ZinnAbstract:Four Holstein steers (137 ± 2 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to evaluate the influence of processing method on comparative digestion of white Corn. Treatments consisted of a basal finishing diet containing 80% Corn grain (DM basis) as 1) dry-rolled white Corn (DRWC), 2) steam-flaked white Corn (SFWC) with 0.36 kg/L flake density (SFWC36), 3) SFWC, 0.31 kg/L flake density (SFWC31), and 4) steam-flaked yellow Corn (SFYC) with 0.31 kg/L flake density (SFYC31). Characteristics of ruminal, postruminal, and apparent total tract digestion of OM, starch, and N were similar (P > 0.08) for SFYC31 and SFWC31 treatments. Decreasing flake density of white Corn (from 0.36 to 0.31 kg/L) did not affect (P = 0.22) ruminal OM digestion, but increased (1.9%, P = 0.07) apparent total tract OM digestion. Compared with dry rolling, steam flaking white Corn increased ruminal (9.4%, P = 0.05), postruminal (14.4%, P 0.48) by dietary treatments. Compared with dry rolling, steam flaking markedly enhances the feeding value of white Corn, with optimal flake density being less than 0.36 kg/L. Although white Corn has greater vitreous endosperm content, characteristics of ruminal starch digestion and undegradable intake protein are similar to conventional yellow Dent Corn when processed to a similar flake density (0.31 kg/L). However, postruminal and apparent total tract starch digestion tends to be slightly less for flaked white Corn than for yellow Corn.