The Experts below are selected from a list of 75 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Norbert Gutknecht - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bactericidal effect of 445-nm blue diode laser in the root canal Dentin on Enterococcus faecalis of human teeth
Lasers in Dental Science, 2018Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Georg Conrads, Miguel R. Martins, Nour Al Hassan, Rene FranzenAbstract:Objectives The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the bactericidal effect of a blue diode laser with a wavelength of 445 nm in Dentin Slices of human teeth. Materials and methods A total of 81 Dentin Slices (longitudinal section) with different thicknesses of (300, 500, and 1000 μm) were used in this study. The dental Slices were divided into three laser test groups and four control groups (positive and negative). All (except the negative control groups) were inoculated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis (2.0 × 10^7 CFU/ml). The tested groups were subjected to different irradiation parameters: group I (1.2 W peak power, 0.6 W average power), group II (0.6 W, CW), and group III (0.4 W, CW). The irradiation was performed using a bare fiber with a diameter of 200 μm at an angulation of approximately 5° to the Slice under constant sinus-shaped movement of the Slice. Identical irradiation conditions were applied using a computer-controlled table. This appliance allowed to move the Slices in a sinusoidal motion in a constant velocity during irradiation. Results The results of this in vitro study showed the irradiation with a chopped mode of 1.2 W eliminated an average of 96%, 97.6%, and 84.9% of E. faecalis at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. The irradiation with continuous mode 0.6 W eliminated 82.41% (300 μm), 83.75% (500 μm), and 77.42 (1000 μm). Whereas, lower power 0.4 W in continuous mode eliminated 6.90%, 32.50%, and − 9.68% at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. Conclusion No statistical but conspicuous difference was found between group I and group II in all Dentin Slice thicknesses, with p = 0.067 ( p > 0.05), whereas the bacterial counts in groups I and II compared to group III were significantly different with p values as p = 0.002 and p = 0.01 ( p
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Bactericidal effect of 445-nm blue diode laser in the root canal Dentin on Enterococcus faecalis of human teeth
Lasers in Dental Science, 2018Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Georg Conrads, Nour Al Hassan, Miguel R. Martins, Rene FranzenAbstract:The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the bactericidal effect of a blue diode laser with a wavelength of 445 nm in Dentin Slices of human teeth. A total of 81 Dentin Slices (longitudinal section) with different thicknesses of (300, 500, and 1000 μm) were used in this study. The dental Slices were divided into three laser test groups and four control groups (positive and negative). All (except the negative control groups) were inoculated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis (2.0 × 107 CFU/ml). The tested groups were subjected to different irradiation parameters: group I (1.2 W peak power, 0.6 W average power), group II (0.6 W, CW), and group III (0.4 W, CW). The irradiation was performed using a bare fiber with a diameter of 200 μm at an angulation of approximately 5° to the Slice under constant sinus-shaped movement of the Slice. Identical irradiation conditions were applied using a computer-controlled table. This appliance allowed to move the Slices in a sinusoidal motion in a constant velocity during irradiation. The results of this in vitro study showed the irradiation with a chopped mode of 1.2 W eliminated an average of 96%, 97.6%, and 84.9% of E. faecalis at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. The irradiation with continuous mode 0.6 W eliminated 82.41% (300 μm), 83.75% (500 μm), and 77.42 (1000 μm). Whereas, lower power 0.4 W in continuous mode eliminated 6.90%, 32.50%, and − 9.68% at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. No statistical but conspicuous difference was found between group I and group II in all Dentin Slice thicknesses, with p = 0.067 (p > 0.05), whereas the bacterial counts in groups I and II compared to group III were significantly different with p values as p = 0.002 and p = 0.01 (p
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The Bactericidal Effect of 2780 and 940 nm Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis in Bovine Root Dentin Slices of Different Thicknesses
Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Georg Conrads, Tamara Sardar Al-karadaghi, Mohammed Abbood Al-maliky, Rene FranzenAbstract:Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of the dual wavelength (2780nm Er,Cr:YSGG and 940nm diode) laser in elimination of Enterococcus faecalis in comparison with a 2780nm Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone. Background data: Various laser wavelengths have been introduced as an adjunct in root canal treatment because of laser’s bactericidal effect. Materials and methods: Seventy- five Slices of Dentin with thicknesses of 300, 500, and 1000 lm(n = 25 each) obtained from caries-free bovine teeth were inoculated with 1 lL of E. faecalis suspension [1.67 · 107 colony-forming units (CFU)] and divided randomly into three groups: (A) samples indirectly irradiated with power settings of 1.06 W, 50 Hz, and 50 ls for Er,Cr:YSGG laser; (B) samples indirectly irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser with the same power settings as group A and simultaneously with a 940nm diode laser of 0.51W in pulsed mode; and five samples from each thickness that were chosen as an unirradiated control group (Co). After irradiation, the CFU of E. faecalis were counted and the bacterial reduction was analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric and post-hoc Dunnett tests. Results: There were statistical differences between groups A and B compared with the control group over all the three Dentin Slice thicknesses ( p < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference between groups A and B in killing of E. faecalis on 500 lm Dentin Slices. There were significantly more viable bacteria in group A than in group B in 300 and 1000 lm Dentin Slices ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study showed that the dual wavelength laser system obtained a significantly higher bactericidal effect on E. faecalis than Er,Cr:YSGG laser, reaching a depth of 1000 lm of Dentin.
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2009Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm ( P
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2007Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the contaminated and irradiated surfaces showed the absence of a smear layer and opened Dentinal tubules.
Rene Franzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bactericidal effect of 445-nm blue diode laser in the root canal Dentin on Enterococcus faecalis of human teeth
Lasers in Dental Science, 2018Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Georg Conrads, Miguel R. Martins, Nour Al Hassan, Rene FranzenAbstract:Objectives The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the bactericidal effect of a blue diode laser with a wavelength of 445 nm in Dentin Slices of human teeth. Materials and methods A total of 81 Dentin Slices (longitudinal section) with different thicknesses of (300, 500, and 1000 μm) were used in this study. The dental Slices were divided into three laser test groups and four control groups (positive and negative). All (except the negative control groups) were inoculated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis (2.0 × 10^7 CFU/ml). The tested groups were subjected to different irradiation parameters: group I (1.2 W peak power, 0.6 W average power), group II (0.6 W, CW), and group III (0.4 W, CW). The irradiation was performed using a bare fiber with a diameter of 200 μm at an angulation of approximately 5° to the Slice under constant sinus-shaped movement of the Slice. Identical irradiation conditions were applied using a computer-controlled table. This appliance allowed to move the Slices in a sinusoidal motion in a constant velocity during irradiation. Results The results of this in vitro study showed the irradiation with a chopped mode of 1.2 W eliminated an average of 96%, 97.6%, and 84.9% of E. faecalis at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. The irradiation with continuous mode 0.6 W eliminated 82.41% (300 μm), 83.75% (500 μm), and 77.42 (1000 μm). Whereas, lower power 0.4 W in continuous mode eliminated 6.90%, 32.50%, and − 9.68% at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. Conclusion No statistical but conspicuous difference was found between group I and group II in all Dentin Slice thicknesses, with p = 0.067 ( p > 0.05), whereas the bacterial counts in groups I and II compared to group III were significantly different with p values as p = 0.002 and p = 0.01 ( p
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Bactericidal effect of 445-nm blue diode laser in the root canal Dentin on Enterococcus faecalis of human teeth
Lasers in Dental Science, 2018Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Georg Conrads, Nour Al Hassan, Miguel R. Martins, Rene FranzenAbstract:The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the bactericidal effect of a blue diode laser with a wavelength of 445 nm in Dentin Slices of human teeth. A total of 81 Dentin Slices (longitudinal section) with different thicknesses of (300, 500, and 1000 μm) were used in this study. The dental Slices were divided into three laser test groups and four control groups (positive and negative). All (except the negative control groups) were inoculated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis (2.0 × 107 CFU/ml). The tested groups were subjected to different irradiation parameters: group I (1.2 W peak power, 0.6 W average power), group II (0.6 W, CW), and group III (0.4 W, CW). The irradiation was performed using a bare fiber with a diameter of 200 μm at an angulation of approximately 5° to the Slice under constant sinus-shaped movement of the Slice. Identical irradiation conditions were applied using a computer-controlled table. This appliance allowed to move the Slices in a sinusoidal motion in a constant velocity during irradiation. The results of this in vitro study showed the irradiation with a chopped mode of 1.2 W eliminated an average of 96%, 97.6%, and 84.9% of E. faecalis at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. The irradiation with continuous mode 0.6 W eliminated 82.41% (300 μm), 83.75% (500 μm), and 77.42 (1000 μm). Whereas, lower power 0.4 W in continuous mode eliminated 6.90%, 32.50%, and − 9.68% at Dentin depths of 300 μm, 500 μm, and 1000 μm, respectively. No statistical but conspicuous difference was found between group I and group II in all Dentin Slice thicknesses, with p = 0.067 (p > 0.05), whereas the bacterial counts in groups I and II compared to group III were significantly different with p values as p = 0.002 and p = 0.01 (p
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The Bactericidal Effect of 2780 and 940 nm Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis in Bovine Root Dentin Slices of Different Thicknesses
Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Georg Conrads, Tamara Sardar Al-karadaghi, Mohammed Abbood Al-maliky, Rene FranzenAbstract:Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of the dual wavelength (2780nm Er,Cr:YSGG and 940nm diode) laser in elimination of Enterococcus faecalis in comparison with a 2780nm Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone. Background data: Various laser wavelengths have been introduced as an adjunct in root canal treatment because of laser’s bactericidal effect. Materials and methods: Seventy- five Slices of Dentin with thicknesses of 300, 500, and 1000 lm(n = 25 each) obtained from caries-free bovine teeth were inoculated with 1 lL of E. faecalis suspension [1.67 · 107 colony-forming units (CFU)] and divided randomly into three groups: (A) samples indirectly irradiated with power settings of 1.06 W, 50 Hz, and 50 ls for Er,Cr:YSGG laser; (B) samples indirectly irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser with the same power settings as group A and simultaneously with a 940nm diode laser of 0.51W in pulsed mode; and five samples from each thickness that were chosen as an unirradiated control group (Co). After irradiation, the CFU of E. faecalis were counted and the bacterial reduction was analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric and post-hoc Dunnett tests. Results: There were statistical differences between groups A and B compared with the control group over all the three Dentin Slice thicknesses ( p < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference between groups A and B in killing of E. faecalis on 500 lm Dentin Slices. There were significantly more viable bacteria in group A than in group B in 300 and 1000 lm Dentin Slices ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study showed that the dual wavelength laser system obtained a significantly higher bactericidal effect on E. faecalis than Er,Cr:YSGG laser, reaching a depth of 1000 lm of Dentin.
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2009Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm ( P
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2007Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the contaminated and irradiated surfaces showed the absence of a smear layer and opened Dentinal tubules.
Friedrich Lampert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2009Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm ( P
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2007Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the contaminated and irradiated surfaces showed the absence of a smear layer and opened Dentinal tubules.
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Bactericidal Effect of a 980-nm Diode Laser in the Root Canal Wall Dentin of Bovine Teeth
Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery, 2004Co-Authors: Norbert Gutknecht, Rene Franzen, M. Schippers, Friedrich LampertAbstract:Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the antibacterial depth effect of continuous wave laser irradiation with a wavelength of 980 nm in the root canal wall Dentin of bovine teeth. Background Data: The long-term success of an endodontic therapy often fails due to remaining bacteria in the root canal or Dentin tubules, which cannot be sufficiently eliminated through the classical root canal preparation technique nor through rinsing solutions. Materials and Methods: A total of 102 Slices of bovine root Dentin of different thicknesses (100, 300 and 500 µm) were prepared. The samples were inoculated from one side with 5 µL of an enterococcus faecalis suspension of defined concentration. Four Slices per Slice thickness served as a control group; the rest of the 30 Slices per thickness were subjected to laser irradiation - 10 each of these Slices were irradiated with distal outputs of 1.75, 2.3, and 2.8 Watts (W). After drying them for 30 sec, the back of the inoculated Dentin Slice was i...
Marcella Esteves-oliveira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2009Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm ( P
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2007Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the contaminated and irradiated surfaces showed the absence of a smear layer and opened Dentinal tubules.
Jörg Meister - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2009Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm ( P
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Decontamination of deep Dentin by means of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser irradiation
Lasers in Medical Science, 2007Co-Authors: Rene Franzen, Marcella Esteves-oliveira, Jörg Meister, Anja Wallerang, Leon Vanweersch, Friedrich Lampert, Norbert GutknechtAbstract:The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of effectiveness of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on microorganism reduction. From human roots, Dentin Slices of 100 μm to 1,000 μm thickness were prepared. These specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with 1 μl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension. The backs of the specimens were then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG radiation at a pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, delivered at an incidence angle of 5° to the Dentin Slice surface. A control group was left without irradiation. The remaining bacteria were collected in 1 ml sterilized NaCl solution, serially diluted and seeded in Columbia-Agar plates. Despite the low pulse energy of 3.13 mJ, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation resulted in significant bacterial reduction up to a Dentin thickness of 500 μm (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the contaminated and irradiated surfaces showed the absence of a smear layer and opened Dentinal tubules.