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O. Connan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simultaneous quantification of the contributions of dry, washout and rainout Deposition to the total Deposition of Particle-bound 7Be and 210Pb on an urban catchment area on a monthly scale
Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014Co-Authors: P. Laguionie, Pierre Roupsard, Denis Maro, Luc Solier, M. Rozet, D. Hébert, O. ConnanAbstract:This study deals with the time-evolution of the relative contributions of the three forms of atmospheric Particle Deposition under dry and wet weather conditions in an urban environment dry Deposition, washout and rainout Deposition. An experimental set-up was installed in situ to measure the dry and wet Deposition by integrating the processes of Deposition over monthly periods. A semi-empirical model (Particle Washout PAW) was developed to distinguish the Deposition by washout and rainout contained in the wet Deposition over these same periods. These two parallel approaches allowed to quantify simultaneously the dry Deposition as well as the washout and the rainout Deposition of two natural radionuclides of different origin (7Be and 210Pb) on an urban catchment area. The dry Deposition on a heterogeneous urban surface was estimated knowing the dry Deposition on homogeneous substrates and the distribution of these substrates on the developed surface of the Pin Sec catchment area in Nantes. On average, during the 15 months of experimental monitoring, Deposition by rainout was the predominant mechanism contributing to the monthly total Deposition of 7Be and 210Pb, to the extent of 67% and 55%, respectively. Dry Deposition contributed less to the total Deposition, accounting for 21% and 28% of the 7Be and 210Pb, respectively. Lastly, washout was the weakest contributor to total Deposition, with 12% for 7Be and 17% for 210Pb. The distribution of the contributions in the case of cosmic 7Be and terrigenous 210Pb is in agreement with the origin of these two radionuclides. By applying this method to other substrates and under different environmental conditions, the calibration of operational models could be refined to obtain a better prediction of the atmospheric Particle-bound pollutant Deposition. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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Simultaneous quantification of the contributions of dry, washout and rainout Deposition to the total Deposition of Particle-bound 7Be and 210Pb on an urban catchment area on a monthly scale
Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014Co-Authors: P. Laguionie, Pierre Roupsard, Denis Maro, Luc Solier, M. Rozet, D. Hébert, O. ConnanAbstract:Abstract This study deals with the time-evolution of the relative contributions of the three forms of atmospheric Particle Deposition under dry and wet weather conditions in an urban environment: dry Deposition, washout and rainout Deposition. An experimental set-up was installed in situ to measure the dry and wet Deposition by integrating the processes of Deposition over monthly periods. A semi-empirical model (Particle Washout: PAW) was developed to distinguish the Deposition by washout and rainout contained in the wet Deposition over these same periods. These two parallel approaches allowed to quantify simultaneously the dry Deposition as well as the washout and the rainout Deposition of two natural radionuclides of different origin (7Be and 210Pb) on an urban catchment area. The dry Deposition on a heterogeneous urban surface was estimated knowing the dry Deposition on homogeneous substrates and the distribution of these substrates on the developed surface of the Pin Sec catchment area in Nantes. On average, during the 15 months of experimental monitoring, Deposition by rainout was the predominant mechanism contributing to the monthly total Deposition of 7Be and 210Pb, to the extent of 67% and 55%, respectively. Dry Deposition contributed less to the total Deposition, accounting for 21% and 28% of the 7Be and 210Pb, respectively. Lastly, washout was the weakest contributor to total Deposition, with 12% for 7Be and 17% for 210Pb. The distribution of the contributions in the case of cosmic 7Be and terrigenous 210Pb is in agreement with the origin of these two radionuclides. By applying this method to other substrates and under different environmental conditions, the calibration of operational models could be refined to obtain a better prediction of the atmospheric Particle-bound pollutant Deposition.
Manuel C Peitsch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of the Vitrocell® 24/48 in vitroaerosol exposure system using mainstream cigarette smoke
Chemistry Central Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Shoaib Majeed, Stefan Frentzel, Sandra Wagner, Diana Kuehn, Patrice Leroy, Arno Knorr, Julia Hoeng, Manuel C PeitschAbstract:Background Only a few exposure systems are presently available that enable cigarette smoke exposure of living cells at the air-liquid interface, of which one of the most versatile is the Vitrocell® system (Vitrocell® Systems GmbH). To assess its performance and optimize the exposure conditions, we characterized a Vitrocell® 24/48 system connected to a 30-port carousel smoking machine. The Vitrocell® 24/48 system allows for simultaneous exposure of 48 cell culture inserts using dilution airflow rates of 0-3.0 L/min and exposes six inserts per dilution. These flow rates represent cigarette smoke concentrations of 7-100%. Results By characterizing the exposure inside the Vitrocell® 24/48, we verified that (I) the cigarette smoke aerosol distribution is uniform across all inserts, (II) the utility of Vitrocell® crystal quartz microbalances for determining the online Deposition of Particle mass on the inserts, and (III) the amount of Particles deposited per surface area and the amounts of trapped carbonyls and nicotine were concentration dependent. At a fixed dilution airflow of 0.5 L/min, the results showed a coefficient of variation of 12.2% between inserts of the Vitrocell® 24/48 module, excluding variations caused by different runs. Although nicotine and carbonyl concentrations were linear over the tested dilution range, Particle mass Deposition increased nonlinearly. The observed effect on cell viability was well-correlated with increasing concentration of cigarette smoke. Conclusions Overall, the obtained results highlight the suitability of the Vitrocell® 24/48 system to assess the effect of cigarette smoke on cells under air-liquid interface exposure conditions, which is closely related to the conditions occurring in human airways.
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characterization of the vitrocell 24 48 in vitro aerosol exposure system using mainstream cigarette smoke
Chemistry Central Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Shoaib Majeed, Stefan Frentzel, Sandra Wagner, Diana Kuehn, Patrice Leroy, Arno Knorr, Julia Hoeng, Manuel C PeitschAbstract:Only a few exposure systems are presently available that enable cigarette smoke exposure of living cells at the air-liquid interface, of which one of the most versatile is the Vitrocell® system (Vitrocell® Systems GmbH). To assess its performance and optimize the exposure conditions, we characterized a Vitrocell® 24/48 system connected to a 30-port carousel smoking machine. The Vitrocell® 24/48 system allows for simultaneous exposure of 48 cell culture inserts using dilution airflow rates of 0-3.0 L/min and exposes six inserts per dilution. These flow rates represent cigarette smoke concentrations of 7-100%. By characterizing the exposure inside the Vitrocell® 24/48, we verified that (I) the cigarette smoke aerosol distribution is uniform across all inserts, (II) the utility of Vitrocell® crystal quartz microbalances for determining the online Deposition of Particle mass on the inserts, and (III) the amount of Particles deposited per surface area and the amounts of trapped carbonyls and nicotine were concentration dependent. At a fixed dilution airflow of 0.5 L/min, the results showed a coefficient of variation of 12.2% between inserts of the Vitrocell® 24/48 module, excluding variations caused by different runs. Although nicotine and carbonyl concentrations were linear over the tested dilution range, Particle mass Deposition increased nonlinearly. The observed effect on cell viability was well-correlated with increasing concentration of cigarette smoke. Overall, the obtained results highlight the suitability of the Vitrocell® 24/48 system to assess the effect of cigarette smoke on cells under air-liquid interface exposure conditions, which is closely related to the conditions occurring in human airways.
P. Laguionie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simultaneous quantification of the contributions of dry, washout and rainout Deposition to the total Deposition of Particle-bound 7Be and 210Pb on an urban catchment area on a monthly scale
Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014Co-Authors: P. Laguionie, Pierre Roupsard, Denis Maro, Luc Solier, M. Rozet, D. Hébert, O. ConnanAbstract:This study deals with the time-evolution of the relative contributions of the three forms of atmospheric Particle Deposition under dry and wet weather conditions in an urban environment dry Deposition, washout and rainout Deposition. An experimental set-up was installed in situ to measure the dry and wet Deposition by integrating the processes of Deposition over monthly periods. A semi-empirical model (Particle Washout PAW) was developed to distinguish the Deposition by washout and rainout contained in the wet Deposition over these same periods. These two parallel approaches allowed to quantify simultaneously the dry Deposition as well as the washout and the rainout Deposition of two natural radionuclides of different origin (7Be and 210Pb) on an urban catchment area. The dry Deposition on a heterogeneous urban surface was estimated knowing the dry Deposition on homogeneous substrates and the distribution of these substrates on the developed surface of the Pin Sec catchment area in Nantes. On average, during the 15 months of experimental monitoring, Deposition by rainout was the predominant mechanism contributing to the monthly total Deposition of 7Be and 210Pb, to the extent of 67% and 55%, respectively. Dry Deposition contributed less to the total Deposition, accounting for 21% and 28% of the 7Be and 210Pb, respectively. Lastly, washout was the weakest contributor to total Deposition, with 12% for 7Be and 17% for 210Pb. The distribution of the contributions in the case of cosmic 7Be and terrigenous 210Pb is in agreement with the origin of these two radionuclides. By applying this method to other substrates and under different environmental conditions, the calibration of operational models could be refined to obtain a better prediction of the atmospheric Particle-bound pollutant Deposition. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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Simultaneous quantification of the contributions of dry, washout and rainout Deposition to the total Deposition of Particle-bound 7Be and 210Pb on an urban catchment area on a monthly scale
Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014Co-Authors: P. Laguionie, Pierre Roupsard, Denis Maro, Luc Solier, M. Rozet, D. Hébert, O. ConnanAbstract:Abstract This study deals with the time-evolution of the relative contributions of the three forms of atmospheric Particle Deposition under dry and wet weather conditions in an urban environment: dry Deposition, washout and rainout Deposition. An experimental set-up was installed in situ to measure the dry and wet Deposition by integrating the processes of Deposition over monthly periods. A semi-empirical model (Particle Washout: PAW) was developed to distinguish the Deposition by washout and rainout contained in the wet Deposition over these same periods. These two parallel approaches allowed to quantify simultaneously the dry Deposition as well as the washout and the rainout Deposition of two natural radionuclides of different origin (7Be and 210Pb) on an urban catchment area. The dry Deposition on a heterogeneous urban surface was estimated knowing the dry Deposition on homogeneous substrates and the distribution of these substrates on the developed surface of the Pin Sec catchment area in Nantes. On average, during the 15 months of experimental monitoring, Deposition by rainout was the predominant mechanism contributing to the monthly total Deposition of 7Be and 210Pb, to the extent of 67% and 55%, respectively. Dry Deposition contributed less to the total Deposition, accounting for 21% and 28% of the 7Be and 210Pb, respectively. Lastly, washout was the weakest contributor to total Deposition, with 12% for 7Be and 17% for 210Pb. The distribution of the contributions in the case of cosmic 7Be and terrigenous 210Pb is in agreement with the origin of these two radionuclides. By applying this method to other substrates and under different environmental conditions, the calibration of operational models could be refined to obtain a better prediction of the atmospheric Particle-bound pollutant Deposition.
Shoaib Majeed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of the Vitrocell® 24/48 in vitroaerosol exposure system using mainstream cigarette smoke
Chemistry Central Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Shoaib Majeed, Stefan Frentzel, Sandra Wagner, Diana Kuehn, Patrice Leroy, Arno Knorr, Julia Hoeng, Manuel C PeitschAbstract:Background Only a few exposure systems are presently available that enable cigarette smoke exposure of living cells at the air-liquid interface, of which one of the most versatile is the Vitrocell® system (Vitrocell® Systems GmbH). To assess its performance and optimize the exposure conditions, we characterized a Vitrocell® 24/48 system connected to a 30-port carousel smoking machine. The Vitrocell® 24/48 system allows for simultaneous exposure of 48 cell culture inserts using dilution airflow rates of 0-3.0 L/min and exposes six inserts per dilution. These flow rates represent cigarette smoke concentrations of 7-100%. Results By characterizing the exposure inside the Vitrocell® 24/48, we verified that (I) the cigarette smoke aerosol distribution is uniform across all inserts, (II) the utility of Vitrocell® crystal quartz microbalances for determining the online Deposition of Particle mass on the inserts, and (III) the amount of Particles deposited per surface area and the amounts of trapped carbonyls and nicotine were concentration dependent. At a fixed dilution airflow of 0.5 L/min, the results showed a coefficient of variation of 12.2% between inserts of the Vitrocell® 24/48 module, excluding variations caused by different runs. Although nicotine and carbonyl concentrations were linear over the tested dilution range, Particle mass Deposition increased nonlinearly. The observed effect on cell viability was well-correlated with increasing concentration of cigarette smoke. Conclusions Overall, the obtained results highlight the suitability of the Vitrocell® 24/48 system to assess the effect of cigarette smoke on cells under air-liquid interface exposure conditions, which is closely related to the conditions occurring in human airways.
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characterization of the vitrocell 24 48 in vitro aerosol exposure system using mainstream cigarette smoke
Chemistry Central Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Shoaib Majeed, Stefan Frentzel, Sandra Wagner, Diana Kuehn, Patrice Leroy, Arno Knorr, Julia Hoeng, Manuel C PeitschAbstract:Only a few exposure systems are presently available that enable cigarette smoke exposure of living cells at the air-liquid interface, of which one of the most versatile is the Vitrocell® system (Vitrocell® Systems GmbH). To assess its performance and optimize the exposure conditions, we characterized a Vitrocell® 24/48 system connected to a 30-port carousel smoking machine. The Vitrocell® 24/48 system allows for simultaneous exposure of 48 cell culture inserts using dilution airflow rates of 0-3.0 L/min and exposes six inserts per dilution. These flow rates represent cigarette smoke concentrations of 7-100%. By characterizing the exposure inside the Vitrocell® 24/48, we verified that (I) the cigarette smoke aerosol distribution is uniform across all inserts, (II) the utility of Vitrocell® crystal quartz microbalances for determining the online Deposition of Particle mass on the inserts, and (III) the amount of Particles deposited per surface area and the amounts of trapped carbonyls and nicotine were concentration dependent. At a fixed dilution airflow of 0.5 L/min, the results showed a coefficient of variation of 12.2% between inserts of the Vitrocell® 24/48 module, excluding variations caused by different runs. Although nicotine and carbonyl concentrations were linear over the tested dilution range, Particle mass Deposition increased nonlinearly. The observed effect on cell viability was well-correlated with increasing concentration of cigarette smoke. Overall, the obtained results highlight the suitability of the Vitrocell® 24/48 system to assess the effect of cigarette smoke on cells under air-liquid interface exposure conditions, which is closely related to the conditions occurring in human airways.
D. Hébert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simultaneous quantification of the contributions of dry, washout and rainout Deposition to the total Deposition of Particle-bound 7Be and 210Pb on an urban catchment area on a monthly scale
Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014Co-Authors: P. Laguionie, Pierre Roupsard, Denis Maro, Luc Solier, M. Rozet, D. Hébert, O. ConnanAbstract:This study deals with the time-evolution of the relative contributions of the three forms of atmospheric Particle Deposition under dry and wet weather conditions in an urban environment dry Deposition, washout and rainout Deposition. An experimental set-up was installed in situ to measure the dry and wet Deposition by integrating the processes of Deposition over monthly periods. A semi-empirical model (Particle Washout PAW) was developed to distinguish the Deposition by washout and rainout contained in the wet Deposition over these same periods. These two parallel approaches allowed to quantify simultaneously the dry Deposition as well as the washout and the rainout Deposition of two natural radionuclides of different origin (7Be and 210Pb) on an urban catchment area. The dry Deposition on a heterogeneous urban surface was estimated knowing the dry Deposition on homogeneous substrates and the distribution of these substrates on the developed surface of the Pin Sec catchment area in Nantes. On average, during the 15 months of experimental monitoring, Deposition by rainout was the predominant mechanism contributing to the monthly total Deposition of 7Be and 210Pb, to the extent of 67% and 55%, respectively. Dry Deposition contributed less to the total Deposition, accounting for 21% and 28% of the 7Be and 210Pb, respectively. Lastly, washout was the weakest contributor to total Deposition, with 12% for 7Be and 17% for 210Pb. The distribution of the contributions in the case of cosmic 7Be and terrigenous 210Pb is in agreement with the origin of these two radionuclides. By applying this method to other substrates and under different environmental conditions, the calibration of operational models could be refined to obtain a better prediction of the atmospheric Particle-bound pollutant Deposition. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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Simultaneous quantification of the contributions of dry, washout and rainout Deposition to the total Deposition of Particle-bound 7Be and 210Pb on an urban catchment area on a monthly scale
Journal of Aerosol Science, 2014Co-Authors: P. Laguionie, Pierre Roupsard, Denis Maro, Luc Solier, M. Rozet, D. Hébert, O. ConnanAbstract:Abstract This study deals with the time-evolution of the relative contributions of the three forms of atmospheric Particle Deposition under dry and wet weather conditions in an urban environment: dry Deposition, washout and rainout Deposition. An experimental set-up was installed in situ to measure the dry and wet Deposition by integrating the processes of Deposition over monthly periods. A semi-empirical model (Particle Washout: PAW) was developed to distinguish the Deposition by washout and rainout contained in the wet Deposition over these same periods. These two parallel approaches allowed to quantify simultaneously the dry Deposition as well as the washout and the rainout Deposition of two natural radionuclides of different origin (7Be and 210Pb) on an urban catchment area. The dry Deposition on a heterogeneous urban surface was estimated knowing the dry Deposition on homogeneous substrates and the distribution of these substrates on the developed surface of the Pin Sec catchment area in Nantes. On average, during the 15 months of experimental monitoring, Deposition by rainout was the predominant mechanism contributing to the monthly total Deposition of 7Be and 210Pb, to the extent of 67% and 55%, respectively. Dry Deposition contributed less to the total Deposition, accounting for 21% and 28% of the 7Be and 210Pb, respectively. Lastly, washout was the weakest contributor to total Deposition, with 12% for 7Be and 17% for 210Pb. The distribution of the contributions in the case of cosmic 7Be and terrigenous 210Pb is in agreement with the origin of these two radionuclides. By applying this method to other substrates and under different environmental conditions, the calibration of operational models could be refined to obtain a better prediction of the atmospheric Particle-bound pollutant Deposition.