The Experts below are selected from a list of 9 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Benjamin J. Fischer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Application and validation of the API analytical fire method in pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems
    Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries, 2017
    Co-Authors: Souvik Biswas, Benjamin J. Fischer
    Abstract:

    Abstract Accounting for fire scenarios is critical when analyzing pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems. This is particularly true in Systems such as oil refineries, petrochemical facilities, gas plants, and oil and gas production facilities where the flowing fluids are highly flammable. Because operating safely is of paramount importance in these industries, standards and recommended practices have been developed by trade associations such as the American Petroleum Institute Standard 521 (API 521) to aid in the analysis of the system. In the case of fire scenarios, the traditional recommendation of API 521 has been an empirical model based on the wetted area of the vessel. However, in the most recent 6th edition released in 2014, the standard added an analytical equation based on the Stefan-Boltzmann law that can be used for modeling the dynamic response of pressurized vessels in fire scenarios. Using BLOWDOWN™ Technology in Aspen HYSYS, this analytical fire equation was validated with available experimental data and compared with the traditional wetted area model. This also included evaluating the effects of the parameters in the analytical equation such as surface emissivity of the equipment wall and external heat transfer coefficient, which have significant uncertainties. As plant fires can impact a wide area, this study further investigated using the analytical equation to model fire on a detailed geometry of a pressurized vessel with associated piping.

Mcguffie S. M - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GAS VAPORIZATION SERVICE
    2015
    Co-Authors: Porter M. A, Martens D. H, Mcguffie S. M
    Abstract:

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is commonly converted from liquid to vapor for gas distribution. One of the methods for vaporizing LNG is to use a shell and tube heat exchanger. Water is used on the shell side to provide the heat source and LNG is then vaporized through the tube side passages of the exchanger. In many of these applications, the LNG is at a high pressure on the tube side while the water is at a lower pressure than the LNG as it flows through the shell side. The industry consensus document API 521[1] “Guide to Pressure Relieving and Depressuring Systems, ” Fourth Edition, paragraph 3.18 “Heat Transfer Equipment Failure ” states that a complete tube rupture is to be considered for the possible overpressure of the equipment. The typical shell and tube exchanger application described above has rupture discs on the shell body to protect the shell from being over-pressured due to a tube rupture scenario. The possible freezing of the water in the shell due to mixing with cryogenic LNG is a concern. The issue to consider is whether freezing will occur before the rupture discs can safely relieve a possible over- pressure condition of the shell. A numerical analysis of the condition was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The exchanger service, the analysis procedure and the conclusions found are detailed in this paper

Souvik Biswas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Application and validation of the API analytical fire method in pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems
    Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries, 2017
    Co-Authors: Souvik Biswas, Benjamin J. Fischer
    Abstract:

    Abstract Accounting for fire scenarios is critical when analyzing pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems. This is particularly true in Systems such as oil refineries, petrochemical facilities, gas plants, and oil and gas production facilities where the flowing fluids are highly flammable. Because operating safely is of paramount importance in these industries, standards and recommended practices have been developed by trade associations such as the American Petroleum Institute Standard 521 (API 521) to aid in the analysis of the system. In the case of fire scenarios, the traditional recommendation of API 521 has been an empirical model based on the wetted area of the vessel. However, in the most recent 6th edition released in 2014, the standard added an analytical equation based on the Stefan-Boltzmann law that can be used for modeling the dynamic response of pressurized vessels in fire scenarios. Using BLOWDOWN™ Technology in Aspen HYSYS, this analytical fire equation was validated with available experimental data and compared with the traditional wetted area model. This also included evaluating the effects of the parameters in the analytical equation such as surface emissivity of the equipment wall and external heat transfer coefficient, which have significant uncertainties. As plant fires can impact a wide area, this study further investigated using the analytical equation to model fire on a detailed geometry of a pressurized vessel with associated piping.

Porter M. A - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GAS VAPORIZATION SERVICE
    2015
    Co-Authors: Porter M. A, Martens D. H, Mcguffie S. M
    Abstract:

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is commonly converted from liquid to vapor for gas distribution. One of the methods for vaporizing LNG is to use a shell and tube heat exchanger. Water is used on the shell side to provide the heat source and LNG is then vaporized through the tube side passages of the exchanger. In many of these applications, the LNG is at a high pressure on the tube side while the water is at a lower pressure than the LNG as it flows through the shell side. The industry consensus document API 521[1] “Guide to Pressure Relieving and Depressuring Systems, ” Fourth Edition, paragraph 3.18 “Heat Transfer Equipment Failure ” states that a complete tube rupture is to be considered for the possible overpressure of the equipment. The typical shell and tube exchanger application described above has rupture discs on the shell body to protect the shell from being over-pressured due to a tube rupture scenario. The possible freezing of the water in the shell due to mixing with cryogenic LNG is a concern. The issue to consider is whether freezing will occur before the rupture discs can safely relieve a possible over- pressure condition of the shell. A numerical analysis of the condition was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The exchanger service, the analysis procedure and the conclusions found are detailed in this paper

Martens D. H - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GAS VAPORIZATION SERVICE
    2015
    Co-Authors: Porter M. A, Martens D. H, Mcguffie S. M
    Abstract:

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is commonly converted from liquid to vapor for gas distribution. One of the methods for vaporizing LNG is to use a shell and tube heat exchanger. Water is used on the shell side to provide the heat source and LNG is then vaporized through the tube side passages of the exchanger. In many of these applications, the LNG is at a high pressure on the tube side while the water is at a lower pressure than the LNG as it flows through the shell side. The industry consensus document API 521[1] “Guide to Pressure Relieving and Depressuring Systems, ” Fourth Edition, paragraph 3.18 “Heat Transfer Equipment Failure ” states that a complete tube rupture is to be considered for the possible overpressure of the equipment. The typical shell and tube exchanger application described above has rupture discs on the shell body to protect the shell from being over-pressured due to a tube rupture scenario. The possible freezing of the water in the shell due to mixing with cryogenic LNG is a concern. The issue to consider is whether freezing will occur before the rupture discs can safely relieve a possible over- pressure condition of the shell. A numerical analysis of the condition was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The exchanger service, the analysis procedure and the conclusions found are detailed in this paper