The Experts below are selected from a list of 4245 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Soleyman Sahebi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis and characterization of novel thin film composite forward osmosis membrane using charcoal based carbon nanomaterials for Desalination Application
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2021Co-Authors: Soheil Hadadpour, Iman Tavakol, Zahra Shabani, Toraj Mohammadi, Maryam Ahmadzadeh Tofighy, Soleyman SahebiAbstract:Abstract In this study, charcoal-based carbon nanomaterial (CNM) was used to modify thin film composite (TFC) membranes for forward osmosis (FO) process. Different amounts of CNM were incorporated into polyethersulfone (PES) and the effects of CNM addition on hydrophilicity, roughness, and morphology of the prepared substrates were investigated. To fabricate the TFC-FO membranes, m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) were used for polyamide (PA) layer formation on the substrate surface. FO performance of the prepared TFC membranes was evaluated in both FO and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) modes using deionized (DI) water as feed solution (FS) and 1 M NaCl solution as draw solution (DS). Also, to study the TFC membranes capability for Desalination purposes, the Caspian Seawater was used as FS. It was found that incorporation of CNM into the TFC membrane substrate leads to the reduced structural parameter (S), significantly. The membrane containing 0.5 wt% CNM showed the best performance with water flux of 12.08 and 32.25 L.m−2.h−1 (LMH) in FO and PRO modes, respectively (approximately 3 times higher than that for the neat membrane). Also, Js/Jw value significantly reduced from 1.40 to 0.25 g/L. This research demonstrated that charcoal-based CNM is a proper candidate for modification of the TFC-FO membranes to achieve high water flux and selectivity.
Paula T Hammond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of polyelectrolyte multilayer thin film composite membrane for water Desalination Application
Desalination, 2013Co-Authors: F Fadhillah, S M J Zaidi, Zafarullah Khan, Mazen Khaled, Faizur Rahman, Paula T HammondAbstract:Abstract Thin film composite membranes were fabricated via spin assisted layer by layer (SA-LbL) assembly by depositing alternate layers of poly(allyl amine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) on a polysulfone (PSF) ultrafiltration membrane as support. The suitability of these membranes for potential water purification Applications was explored by testing the stability of the deposited thin films and their permeation characteristic using cross-flow permeation cell. Permeation test conducted at a pressure of 40 bar, temperature of 25 °C, pH of 6 and feed water concentration of 2000 ppm NaCl demonstrated that the PAH/PAA multilayer film deposited on polysulfone support remained stable and intact under long-term test conditions. The 120 bilayers of PAH/PAA membrane tested at the above condition showed flux of 15 L/m2.h and salt rejection of 65%. The membrane performance evaluation also revealed that SA-LbL PAH/PAA membrane follows the characteristics of the solution diffusion membrane.
Somenath Mitra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhanced Desalination via functionalized carbon nanotube immobilized membrane in direct contact membrane distillation
Separation and Purification Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Sagar Roy, Madhuleena Bhadra, Somenath MitraAbstract:Abstract In this paper, for the first time we report the development of carbon nanotube immobilized membrane (CNIM) on porous polypropylene support for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) Desalination Application. We also describe the effect of specific interaction of functional group of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with water moisture on the enhancement of water vapor flux in DCMD via alteration of polar–non polar nature of membrane surface. The incorporation of carboxylic acid (−COOH) functional group on carbon nanotubes alters the hydrophilic–hydrophobic interaction of water moistures with the membrane surface that provides additional pathway for enhanced water vapor transport. The water vapor flux was obtained 36.8 kg/m2 h at 70 °C for CNT–COOH–PP, which is 51.5% higher than unmodified polypropylene membrane at salt concentration 10,000 ppm in feed. The salt rejection was found greater than 99.9% at salt concentration 10,000 ppm in feed solution. An increase in mass transfer coefficient about 1.5 times was also observed for CNT–COOH–PP membrane. The CNIM also exhibits higher thermal stability at elevated temperatures.
S. Iniyan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Numerical study of titanium oxide nanoparticle enhanced energy storage material in solar Desalination
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020Co-Authors: D. Dsilva Winfred Rufuss, S. Arulvel, S. Iniyan, L. SuganthiAbstract:Abstract The main objective of the present research is to conduct a numerical study for the nanoparticle enhanced energy storage material in solar Desalination Application. Paraffin is selected as the phase change material because of their stable thermo-physical properties as compared to other energy storage materials used in solar Desalination (like lauric acid, stearic acid, etc.). Titanium oxide nanoparticles were impregnated in paraffin and tested for various thermophysical properties like thermal conductivity, latent heat, melting and solidifying characteristics, etc. The test results were used as input for various parameters during the numerical investigation. The overall cumulative yield per day was enhanced to 6.6 L/m2/day when titanium oxide enhanced paraffin was used instead of using fossil paraffin. It is inferred that the titanium oxide enhanced paraffin yields better productivity as compared to the solar still with virgin paraffin as energy storage material. Hence it is concluded that nanoparticle enhanced energy storage material is the next stage of research and development in the area of solar Desalination integration with phase change materials as it yields better productivity as compared to unblended paraffin because of their enhanced thermo-physical properties.
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studies on latent heat energy storage lhes materials for solar Desalination Application focus on material properties prioritization selection and future research potential
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2019Co-Authors: D. Dsilva Winfred Rufuss, L. Suganthi, V Rajkumar, S. IniyanAbstract:Abstract In recent years latent heat energy storage (LHES) has received a worldwide focus in the area of solar still Applications. Among various techniques available to improve the productivity of solar stills, heat storage is one of the proverbial areas in the present scenario. LHES surpasses sensible heat energy storage (SHES) in solar still Applications owing to its properties like latent heat, thermal conductivity, etc. Focus has to be given in the selection of suitable LHES material since its properties are very significant during the performance and operation of solar stills. Though previous reviews on LHES in solar stills focus only on the productivity enhancement, this paper presents an up to date comprehensive review exclusively about LHES in solar stills focusing on its productivity, properties of LHES materials and the mechanisms behind the variation in properties of LHES materials. Further, in addition to this, a detailed analysis is also presented in this paper by employing analytical hierarchy process (AHP) which enable the researchers to prioritize the properties during the selection of LHES in solar still Applications. Besides AHP analysis, we also evaluate the relative efficiency of the available LHES materials for solar still Application by data envelopment analysis (DEA) to find the frontier LHES materials thereby suggesting the methods to augment the properties of the frontier material (identified through DEA analysis). Thus, this paper may be a reference guide in the near future for the academicians, researchers to get an overview about the various LHES materials used in solar stills and significance of their properties for improving the yield in solar still Applications.
R V Mangalaraja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis of hierarchical mn3o4 nanowires on reduced graphene oxide nanoarchitecture as effective pseudocapacitive electrodes for capacitive Desalination Application
Electrochimica Acta, 2020Co-Authors: G Bharath, Naman Arora, Abdul Hai, Fawzi Banat, Dennyson Savariraj, Hanifa Taher, R V MangalarajaAbstract:Abstract We present a hierarchical network architecture fabrication of pseudocapacitive Mn3O4 nanowires immobilized on reduced graphene oxide (Mn3O4/RGO) hybrids for effective capacitive deionization (CDI). A hydrothermal synthesis process was employed for constructing Mn3O4/RGO nanoarchitecture with hierarchical pores to ease the interaction with salt ions. Physico-chemical analysis verified the Mn3O4 nanowires with few microns sized length and diameter of 20–30 nm were evenly immobilized on the surfaces of the RGO. With this tailored nanoarchitecture, the Mn3O4/RGO based electrode shows ideal pseudocapacitive behavior with a higher capacitance of (Cs) of 437 F g−1, the energy density of 41.12 Wh kg−1 and power density of 400 W kg−1 at 1 A g−1 in 1 M NaCl solution. Benefiting from the fascinating electrochemical features, the Mn3O4/RGO nanoarchitecture constructed CDI electrode exhibited high electrosorption capacity (SAC) of 34.5 mg g−1 at 1.2 V with a high salt adsorption rate (ASAR) of 1.15 mg g−1 min−1 in 1000 mg L−1 NaCl solution. The much improved SAC, ASAR, and recyclability could be attributed to the distinctive pseudocapacitive nanoarchitecture, which improves the sodiation/desodiation. The present investigation indicates that the Mn3O4/RGO nanoarchitecture is a capable CDI electrode material for Desalination Application.
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preparation and characterization of tio2 sulfonated polymer embedded polyetherimide membranes for effective Desalination Application
Desalination, 2015Co-Authors: Lukka Y Thuyavan, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, N Anantharaman, G Arthanareeswaran, R V MangalarajaAbstract:Abstract Nanocomposite polyetherimide/TiO2-sulfonated polymer membranes were fabricated by phase inversion process, using Dimethylacetamide as solvent. The sulfonated polymers such as sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) self-assemble with TiO2 to form resultant hybrid PEI membranes. Such hybrid membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and LCR meter. Among these membranes, TiO2–SPEEK incorporated PEI membrane shows a higher flux of 44.75 L/m2 h and lesser contact angle value of 61.38°. It is observed that such combination improves the membrane surface functionality. In addition, the filtration of three different electrolytes (NaCl, Na2SO4 and MgSO4) with varying concentrations from 50 to 500 mg/L on resulted membranes was analyzed. It is inferred that an increasing dielectric constant value increased the salt rejection in such membranes. Also, a higher retention coefficient of 0.72 was observed during filtration of Na2SO4 using PEI/SPEEK/TiO2 membrane. Effects of ground water on flux profile and flux reduction ratio in the fabricated membrane were also analyzed and discussions are provided.