The Experts below are selected from a list of 120 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Deborah M Gordo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • energy return on investment eroi for forty global oilfields using a Detailed Engineering based model of oil production
    PLOS ONE, 2015
    Co-Authors: Adam R And, Sharad Haradwaj, David Livingsto, Deborah M Gordo
    Abstract:

    Studies of the energy return on investment (EROI) for oil production generally rely on aggregated statistics for large regions or countries. In order to better understand the drivers of the energy productivity of oil production, we use a novel approach that applies a Detailed field-level Engineering model of oil and gas production to estimate energy requirements of drilling, producing, processing, and transporting crude oil. We examine 40 global oilfields, utilizing Detailed data for each field from hundreds of technical and scientific data sources. Resulting net energy return (NER) ratios for studied oil fields range from ≈2 to ≈100 MJ crude oil produced per MJ of total fuels consumed. External energy return (EER) ratios, which compare energy produced to energy consumed from external sources, exceed 1000:1 for fields that are largely self-sufficient. The lowest energy returns are found to come from thermally-enhanced oil recovery technologies. Results are generally insensitive to reasonable ranges of assumptions explored in sensitivity analysis. Fields with very large associated gas production are sensitive to assumptions about surface fluids processing due to the shifts in energy consumed under different gas treatment configurations. This model does not currently include energy invested in building oilfield capital equipment (e.g., drilling rigs), nor does it include other indirect energy uses such as labor or services.

R Toschi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • iter conceptual design
    Nuclear Fusion, 1991
    Co-Authors: K. Tomabechi, J R Gilleland, Yu.a. Sokolov, R Toschi
    Abstract:

    The Conceptual Design Activities of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) were carried out jointly by the European Community, Japan, the Soviet Union and the United States of America, under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The European Community provided the site for joint work sessions at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik in Garching, Germany. The Conceptual Design Activities began in the spring of 1988 and ended in December 1990. The objectives of the activities were to develop the design of ITER, to perform a safety and environmental analysis, to define the site requirements as well as the future research and development needs, to estimate the cost and manpower, and to prepare a schedule for Detailed Engineering design, construction and operation. On the basis of the investigation and analysis performed, a concept of ITER was developed which incorporated maximum flexibility of the performance of the device and allowed a variety of operating scenarios to be adopted. The heart of the machine is a tokamak having a plasma major radius of 6 m, a plasma minor radius of 2.15 m, a nominal plasma current of 22 MA and a nominal fusion power of 1 GW. The conceptual design can meet the technical objectives of the ITER programme. Because of the success of the Conceptual Design Activities, the Parties are now considering the implementation of the next phase, called the Engineering Design Activities.

Sampar Associates - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Detailed Engineering design : upgrading Soroti - Lira Road
    2003
    Co-Authors: Sampar Associates
    Abstract:

    This environmental assessment for the Third Road Development Project for Uganda details expected environmental impacts and proposes measures to mitigate negative impacts. Among them are the following: Minimize hydrological impacts by allowing unimpeded water flow by providing for culverts in the road design. Reduce impacts due to earthworks and quarry excavation by exercising care, and carrying out activities during the dry season. Prevent soil loss and reduce visual intrusion by reinstatement, landscaping of gravel pits and quarries, replanting areas cleared for deviations, and vegetating the road embankment in the steep sections. Introduce speed restrictions to reduce dust emissions. Lessen disturbance caused by noise and dust pollution by locating crushing plants downwind of households. Sensitize motorists and provide special areas for trucks to control oil and noise pollution. Keep deviations within the road reserve as far as practicable. Provide compensation for crops and existing structures on land outside the road reserve temporarily acquired for deviations. The workmen's camp should use gas or electric cookers to preclude the need to but charcoal. A central canteen for the workforce will reduce energy and water consumption and solid waste generated. Conduct campaigns for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the camps as well as in the villages. Provide workers with protective gear and workers compensation cover, and equip sites with first aid kits. Enhance road safety by installing clear and frequent road signs and markings.

  • Detailed Engineering design - Kampala-Gayaza-Bugema-Zirobwe-Wobulenzi Road
    2003
    Co-Authors: Sampar Associates
    Abstract:

    This environmental assessment for the Third Road Development Project for Uganda details expected environmental impacts and proposes measures to mitigate negative impacts. Among them are the following: Minimize hydrological impacts by allowing unimpeded water flow by providing for culverts in the road design. Reduce impacts due to earthworks and quarry excavation by exercising care, and carrying out activities during the dry season. Prevent soil loss and reduce visual intrusion by reinstatement, landscaping of gravel pits and quarries, replanting areas cleared for deviations, and vegetating the road embankment in the steep sections. Introduce speed restrictions to reduce dust emissions. Lessen disturbance caused by noise and dust pollution by locating crushing plants downwind of households. Sensitize motorists and provide special areas for trucks to control oil and noise pollution. Keep deviations within the road reserve as far as practicable. Provide compensation for crops and existing structures on land outside the road reserve temporarily acquired for deviations. The workmen's camp should use gas or electric cookers to preclude the need to but charcoal. A central canteen for the workforce will reduce energy and water consumption and solid waste generated. Conduct campaigns for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the camps as well as in the villages. Provide workers with protective gear and workers compensation cover, and equip sites with first aid kits. Enhance road safety by installing clear and frequent road signs and markings.

Adam R And - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • energy return on investment eroi for forty global oilfields using a Detailed Engineering based model of oil production
    PLOS ONE, 2015
    Co-Authors: Adam R And, Sharad Haradwaj, David Livingsto, Deborah M Gordo
    Abstract:

    Studies of the energy return on investment (EROI) for oil production generally rely on aggregated statistics for large regions or countries. In order to better understand the drivers of the energy productivity of oil production, we use a novel approach that applies a Detailed field-level Engineering model of oil and gas production to estimate energy requirements of drilling, producing, processing, and transporting crude oil. We examine 40 global oilfields, utilizing Detailed data for each field from hundreds of technical and scientific data sources. Resulting net energy return (NER) ratios for studied oil fields range from ≈2 to ≈100 MJ crude oil produced per MJ of total fuels consumed. External energy return (EER) ratios, which compare energy produced to energy consumed from external sources, exceed 1000:1 for fields that are largely self-sufficient. The lowest energy returns are found to come from thermally-enhanced oil recovery technologies. Results are generally insensitive to reasonable ranges of assumptions explored in sensitivity analysis. Fields with very large associated gas production are sensitive to assumptions about surface fluids processing due to the shifts in energy consumed under different gas treatment configurations. This model does not currently include energy invested in building oilfield capital equipment (e.g., drilling rigs), nor does it include other indirect energy uses such as labor or services.

K. Tomabechi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • iter conceptual design
    Nuclear Fusion, 1991
    Co-Authors: K. Tomabechi, J R Gilleland, Yu.a. Sokolov, R Toschi
    Abstract:

    The Conceptual Design Activities of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) were carried out jointly by the European Community, Japan, the Soviet Union and the United States of America, under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The European Community provided the site for joint work sessions at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik in Garching, Germany. The Conceptual Design Activities began in the spring of 1988 and ended in December 1990. The objectives of the activities were to develop the design of ITER, to perform a safety and environmental analysis, to define the site requirements as well as the future research and development needs, to estimate the cost and manpower, and to prepare a schedule for Detailed Engineering design, construction and operation. On the basis of the investigation and analysis performed, a concept of ITER was developed which incorporated maximum flexibility of the performance of the device and allowed a variety of operating scenarios to be adopted. The heart of the machine is a tokamak having a plasma major radius of 6 m, a plasma minor radius of 2.15 m, a nominal plasma current of 22 MA and a nominal fusion power of 1 GW. The conceptual design can meet the technical objectives of the ITER programme. Because of the success of the Conceptual Design Activities, the Parties are now considering the implementation of the next phase, called the Engineering Design Activities.