The Experts below are selected from a list of 81 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Norbert Becker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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culex pipiens s l and culex torrentium culicidae in wroclaw area poland occurrence and breeding site preferences of mosquito vectors
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Thomas Weitzel, Piotr Jawień, Katarzyna Rydzanicz, Elzbieta Lonc, Norbert BeckerAbstract:Both ornithophilic mosquito species, Culex pipiens s.l. (L.) and Culex torrentium (Martini, 1925), occur sympatric in temperate Europe. They are presumed to be primary vectors of West Nile and Sindbis viruses. Differentiation of these morphologically similar Culex species is essential for evaluation of different vector roles, for mosquito surveillance and integrated control strategies. Cx. torrentium has been neglected or erroneously determined as Cx. pipiens s.l. in some previous studies, because only males of both species can be diagnosed reliably by morphology. Thus, knowledge about species abundance, geographical distribution, breeding site preferences and the zoonotic risk assessment is incomplete also in Poland. In Wroclaw area (Silesian Lowland), besides typical urban breeding sites, huge sewage irrigation fields provide suitable breeding conditions for Culex species. They are also inhabited by 180 resident and migratory bird species serving as potential virus reservoirs. In this study, morphology of larvae and males as well as species Diagnostic Enzyme markers, namely adenylate kinase (AK) and 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), were used to discriminate Cx. pipiens s.l. and Cx. torrentium. In a total of 650 Culex larvae from 24 natural and artificial breeding sites, Cx. pipiens s.l. had a proportion of 94.0 % and Cx. torrentium only 6.0 %. It could be shown that both species are well adapted to various breeding site types like ditches, catch basins, flower pots and buckets with diverse water quality. Cx. torrentium preferred more artificial water containers in urban surrounding (12 % species proportion), whereas in semi-natural breeding sites, Cx. torrentium was rare (3 %). In 12 of 24 breeding sites, larvae of both species have been found associated.
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distribution and frequency of culex pipiens and culex torrentium culicidae in europe and Diagnostic allozyme markers
European Mosquito Bulletin, 2011Co-Authors: Thomas Weitzel, Kathrin Braun, Amandine Collado, Artur Jost, Norbert BeckerAbstract:The morphologically similar Culex pipiens sensu lato and Cx. torrentium are sympatric in much of Central, Eastern and Northern Europe. Since morphological separation of females of these mosquitoes is extremely difficult and uncertain, diagnosis depends upon time consuming microscopic examination of male hypopygial characters. Consequently the possible, or even probable, occurrence of Cx. torrentium has been ignored in numerous field studies which have recorded (perhaps erroneously) presence of Cx. pipiens only. As a consequence, knowledge of the true geographical distribution, frequency of occurrence and ecological characteristics of these mosquitoes is deficient or confused. In this study, the species Diagnostic Enzyme markers, adenylate kinase (AK) and 2hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) were shown to discriminate between Cx. pipiens and Cx. torrentium larvae as well as male and female adults. Diagnostic allele and genotype differentiations were quantified. In total, 4,040 mosquitoes of Cx. pipiens sensu lato and Cx. torrentium from Germany and other countries were studied. Culex torrentium was shown to be frequently encountered in Central Europe. Though genetically and reproductively separated from Cx. pipiens, it exhibits similar ecological characteristics, and there is a high degree of association between these taxa in the breeding sites. Of 2052 specimens collected from ovitraps in South-West Germany, 54.8% were identified as Cx pipiens and 45.2% as Cx. torrentium. In 712 samples taken from natural and artificial breeding sites, 59% were identified as Cx. pipiens and 41% as Cx. torrentium. In contrast, of adult specimens caught in CO 2 -traps, only 3.9% were Cx. torrentium, and the other 96.1% were Cx. pipiens, indicating selective attraction exerted by the CO 2 -traps. Both species were also found in other parts of Germany. Neither Cx. torrentium nor Cx. quinquefasciatus were detected in samples obtained from Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Serbia and South Eastern France, though all these contained Cx. pipiens. It was only in samples from Germany and Luxembourg that Cx. torrentium was frequent.
Thomas Weitzel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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culex pipiens s l and culex torrentium culicidae in wroclaw area poland occurrence and breeding site preferences of mosquito vectors
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Thomas Weitzel, Piotr Jawień, Katarzyna Rydzanicz, Elzbieta Lonc, Norbert BeckerAbstract:Both ornithophilic mosquito species, Culex pipiens s.l. (L.) and Culex torrentium (Martini, 1925), occur sympatric in temperate Europe. They are presumed to be primary vectors of West Nile and Sindbis viruses. Differentiation of these morphologically similar Culex species is essential for evaluation of different vector roles, for mosquito surveillance and integrated control strategies. Cx. torrentium has been neglected or erroneously determined as Cx. pipiens s.l. in some previous studies, because only males of both species can be diagnosed reliably by morphology. Thus, knowledge about species abundance, geographical distribution, breeding site preferences and the zoonotic risk assessment is incomplete also in Poland. In Wroclaw area (Silesian Lowland), besides typical urban breeding sites, huge sewage irrigation fields provide suitable breeding conditions for Culex species. They are also inhabited by 180 resident and migratory bird species serving as potential virus reservoirs. In this study, morphology of larvae and males as well as species Diagnostic Enzyme markers, namely adenylate kinase (AK) and 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), were used to discriminate Cx. pipiens s.l. and Cx. torrentium. In a total of 650 Culex larvae from 24 natural and artificial breeding sites, Cx. pipiens s.l. had a proportion of 94.0 % and Cx. torrentium only 6.0 %. It could be shown that both species are well adapted to various breeding site types like ditches, catch basins, flower pots and buckets with diverse water quality. Cx. torrentium preferred more artificial water containers in urban surrounding (12 % species proportion), whereas in semi-natural breeding sites, Cx. torrentium was rare (3 %). In 12 of 24 breeding sites, larvae of both species have been found associated.
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distribution and frequency of culex pipiens and culex torrentium culicidae in europe and Diagnostic allozyme markers
European Mosquito Bulletin, 2011Co-Authors: Thomas Weitzel, Kathrin Braun, Amandine Collado, Artur Jost, Norbert BeckerAbstract:The morphologically similar Culex pipiens sensu lato and Cx. torrentium are sympatric in much of Central, Eastern and Northern Europe. Since morphological separation of females of these mosquitoes is extremely difficult and uncertain, diagnosis depends upon time consuming microscopic examination of male hypopygial characters. Consequently the possible, or even probable, occurrence of Cx. torrentium has been ignored in numerous field studies which have recorded (perhaps erroneously) presence of Cx. pipiens only. As a consequence, knowledge of the true geographical distribution, frequency of occurrence and ecological characteristics of these mosquitoes is deficient or confused. In this study, the species Diagnostic Enzyme markers, adenylate kinase (AK) and 2hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) were shown to discriminate between Cx. pipiens and Cx. torrentium larvae as well as male and female adults. Diagnostic allele and genotype differentiations were quantified. In total, 4,040 mosquitoes of Cx. pipiens sensu lato and Cx. torrentium from Germany and other countries were studied. Culex torrentium was shown to be frequently encountered in Central Europe. Though genetically and reproductively separated from Cx. pipiens, it exhibits similar ecological characteristics, and there is a high degree of association between these taxa in the breeding sites. Of 2052 specimens collected from ovitraps in South-West Germany, 54.8% were identified as Cx pipiens and 45.2% as Cx. torrentium. In 712 samples taken from natural and artificial breeding sites, 59% were identified as Cx. pipiens and 41% as Cx. torrentium. In contrast, of adult specimens caught in CO 2 -traps, only 3.9% were Cx. torrentium, and the other 96.1% were Cx. pipiens, indicating selective attraction exerted by the CO 2 -traps. Both species were also found in other parts of Germany. Neither Cx. torrentium nor Cx. quinquefasciatus were detected in samples obtained from Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Serbia and South Eastern France, though all these contained Cx. pipiens. It was only in samples from Germany and Luxembourg that Cx. torrentium was frequent.
William J Bellini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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baculovirus expression of the nucleoprotein gene of measles virus and utility of the recombinant protein in Diagnostic Enzyme immunoassays
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1992Co-Authors: Kimberly B Hummel, Dean D Erdman, Janet L Heath, William J BelliniAbstract:A recombinant baculovirus that expresses the nucleoprotein gene of measles virus (Edmonston vaccine strain) under the transcriptional control of the polyhedrin promoter was generated. The expressed protein (B-MVN) comigrated with the authentic viral nucleoprotein as observed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and it was phosphorylated. The B-MVN protein proved to be reactive with monoclonal antibodies in radioimmunoprecipitations, and it was immunogenic, eliciting in mice antisera that recognized the native nucleoprotein. In addition, the B-MVN protein was evaluated as a replacement source of antigen for whole virus in Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for detection of measles virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies. A capture IgM EIA with the B-MVN protein as antigen detected specific IgM antibodies in 18 (72%) acute- and all convalescent-phase specimens from 25 clinical measles cases and exceeded 99% specificity with 120 control specimens. An indirect IgG EIA with the B-MVN protein detected specific IgG antibodies in 129 of 131 (98%) serum specimens with antibodies to measles virus, and results obtained from testing 268 additional serum specimens were better correlated with measles virus-neutralizing antibodies than those obtained with a commercial EIA. Images
John G Kelton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the use of well characterized sera for the assessment of new Diagnostic Enzyme immunoassays for the diagnosis of heparin induced thrombocytopenia
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2010Co-Authors: Theodore E Warkentin, Joann I Sheppard, Jane C Moore, John G KeltonAbstract:Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are frequently used to detect PF4-dependent antibodies implicated in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) [1]. One assay, the ‘PF4 Enhanced®’ (GTI Diagnostics, Waukesha, WI, USA), hereafter designated as ‘GTI-IgGAM’, utilizes PF4 bound to polyvinylsulfonate, and has
Piotr Jawień - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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culex pipiens s l and culex torrentium culicidae in wroclaw area poland occurrence and breeding site preferences of mosquito vectors
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Thomas Weitzel, Piotr Jawień, Katarzyna Rydzanicz, Elzbieta Lonc, Norbert BeckerAbstract:Both ornithophilic mosquito species, Culex pipiens s.l. (L.) and Culex torrentium (Martini, 1925), occur sympatric in temperate Europe. They are presumed to be primary vectors of West Nile and Sindbis viruses. Differentiation of these morphologically similar Culex species is essential for evaluation of different vector roles, for mosquito surveillance and integrated control strategies. Cx. torrentium has been neglected or erroneously determined as Cx. pipiens s.l. in some previous studies, because only males of both species can be diagnosed reliably by morphology. Thus, knowledge about species abundance, geographical distribution, breeding site preferences and the zoonotic risk assessment is incomplete also in Poland. In Wroclaw area (Silesian Lowland), besides typical urban breeding sites, huge sewage irrigation fields provide suitable breeding conditions for Culex species. They are also inhabited by 180 resident and migratory bird species serving as potential virus reservoirs. In this study, morphology of larvae and males as well as species Diagnostic Enzyme markers, namely adenylate kinase (AK) and 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), were used to discriminate Cx. pipiens s.l. and Cx. torrentium. In a total of 650 Culex larvae from 24 natural and artificial breeding sites, Cx. pipiens s.l. had a proportion of 94.0 % and Cx. torrentium only 6.0 %. It could be shown that both species are well adapted to various breeding site types like ditches, catch basins, flower pots and buckets with diverse water quality. Cx. torrentium preferred more artificial water containers in urban surrounding (12 % species proportion), whereas in semi-natural breeding sites, Cx. torrentium was rare (3 %). In 12 of 24 breeding sites, larvae of both species have been found associated.