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Tereza Petruskova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detailed large scale mapping of geographical variation of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella song Dialects in a citizen science project
Ibis, 2019Co-Authors: Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Adam Petrusek, Jiři Svoboda, Jana Bilkova, Zdeněk Vermouzek, Petr Prochazka, Tereza PetruskovaAbstract:Song Dialects, as a special case of geographical variation in vocalization, are useful tools in the study of a number of topics ranging from cultural evolution to the emergence of reproductive barriers, and thus continue to be the focus of many bird‐song studies. The Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella is a common Palaearctic bird with a long breeding season and song period, whose distinctive song exhibits clearly distinguishable Dialects differing in the composition of the final phrase. The species is therefore particularly suitable for large‐scale studies of dialect distribution involving not only experts but also members of the public. Here we demonstrate that citizen science can indeed allow mapping of songbird dialect distribution on a national scale in unprecedented detail. During the project Dialects of Czech Yellowhammers, which collected almost 4000 recordings over 6 years (2011–2016), we obtained information on dialect distribution for almost 90% of the territory of Czechia. We detected most of the common dialect types known elsewhere in Europe, and these were distributed in a fragmented fashion, with several unusual and rare Dialects also detected in small areas. However, the highly scattered distribution of birds using some final phrases traditionally assigned to distinct Dialects suggests that classification of Yellowhammer Dialects warrants a thorough re‐assessment based on quantitative data. Successful involvement of the public in this and other ongoing citizen science projects has contributed to the establishment of the Yellowhammer as a model species for dialect research. The dataset will serve as a foundation for future studies investigating processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of avian Dialects, and may be particularly useful for evaluating their spatial and temporal stability.
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a review of the distribution of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella Dialects in europe reveals the lack of a clear macrogeographic pattern
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Tereza Petruskova, Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Petr Prochazka, Eckehard Frauendorf, Adam PetrusekAbstract:The Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a bird with a very long history of research in geographic song variation, dating back to the 1920s. Numerous features make the Yellowhammer a suitable model for studying songbird Dialects: it is a common and easily recognizable species, has a simple song, keeps singing long into the season, and has Dialects (defined by the final song phrase) that are relatively easy to identify. Numerous works have focused on Yellowhammer Dialects and their geographic distribution in various parts of Europe, often revealing mosaic-like patterns even at relatively restricted spatial scales. However, it has been repeatedly suggested that Yellowhammer Dialects can be divided into two groups showing a macrogeographic pattern of distribution (in some recent works, eastern and western groups of Dialects have been mentioned). To evaluate this assumption, data scattered in various published sources need to be pooled. Comparing historical records is nevertheless challenging, as various nomenclatures for Yellowhammer Dialects were used until the mid-1980s (when a detailed system coined by Poul Hansen in Denmark was adopted), and older studies often did not differentiate between Dialects recognized at present. To facilitate further work on song variation of this species, we summarized published information on the distribution of Yellowhammer Dialects in Europe, added data from recordings publicly available online and in selected sound collections, and unified the different dialect nomenclatures used in the past. We demonstrate that the continental-wide distribution patterns of Yellowhammer Dialects do not support the existence of broad, geographically distinct dialect groups (eastern vs. western). Furthermore, some of the presently recognized distinct dialect types seem to be parts of a broader continuum. Based on our conclusions, we discuss potential future avenues for Yellowhammer dialect research.
Lucie Diblikova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detailed large scale mapping of geographical variation of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella song Dialects in a citizen science project
Ibis, 2019Co-Authors: Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Adam Petrusek, Jiři Svoboda, Jana Bilkova, Zdeněk Vermouzek, Petr Prochazka, Tereza PetruskovaAbstract:Song Dialects, as a special case of geographical variation in vocalization, are useful tools in the study of a number of topics ranging from cultural evolution to the emergence of reproductive barriers, and thus continue to be the focus of many bird‐song studies. The Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella is a common Palaearctic bird with a long breeding season and song period, whose distinctive song exhibits clearly distinguishable Dialects differing in the composition of the final phrase. The species is therefore particularly suitable for large‐scale studies of dialect distribution involving not only experts but also members of the public. Here we demonstrate that citizen science can indeed allow mapping of songbird dialect distribution on a national scale in unprecedented detail. During the project Dialects of Czech Yellowhammers, which collected almost 4000 recordings over 6 years (2011–2016), we obtained information on dialect distribution for almost 90% of the territory of Czechia. We detected most of the common dialect types known elsewhere in Europe, and these were distributed in a fragmented fashion, with several unusual and rare Dialects also detected in small areas. However, the highly scattered distribution of birds using some final phrases traditionally assigned to distinct Dialects suggests that classification of Yellowhammer Dialects warrants a thorough re‐assessment based on quantitative data. Successful involvement of the public in this and other ongoing citizen science projects has contributed to the establishment of the Yellowhammer as a model species for dialect research. The dataset will serve as a foundation for future studies investigating processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of avian Dialects, and may be particularly useful for evaluating their spatial and temporal stability.
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a review of the distribution of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella Dialects in europe reveals the lack of a clear macrogeographic pattern
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Tereza Petruskova, Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Petr Prochazka, Eckehard Frauendorf, Adam PetrusekAbstract:The Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a bird with a very long history of research in geographic song variation, dating back to the 1920s. Numerous features make the Yellowhammer a suitable model for studying songbird Dialects: it is a common and easily recognizable species, has a simple song, keeps singing long into the season, and has Dialects (defined by the final song phrase) that are relatively easy to identify. Numerous works have focused on Yellowhammer Dialects and their geographic distribution in various parts of Europe, often revealing mosaic-like patterns even at relatively restricted spatial scales. However, it has been repeatedly suggested that Yellowhammer Dialects can be divided into two groups showing a macrogeographic pattern of distribution (in some recent works, eastern and western groups of Dialects have been mentioned). To evaluate this assumption, data scattered in various published sources need to be pooled. Comparing historical records is nevertheless challenging, as various nomenclatures for Yellowhammer Dialects were used until the mid-1980s (when a detailed system coined by Poul Hansen in Denmark was adopted), and older studies often did not differentiate between Dialects recognized at present. To facilitate further work on song variation of this species, we summarized published information on the distribution of Yellowhammer Dialects in Europe, added data from recordings publicly available online and in selected sound collections, and unified the different dialect nomenclatures used in the past. We demonstrate that the continental-wide distribution patterns of Yellowhammer Dialects do not support the existence of broad, geographically distinct dialect groups (eastern vs. western). Furthermore, some of the presently recognized distinct dialect types seem to be parts of a broader continuum. Based on our conclusions, we discuss potential future avenues for Yellowhammer dialect research.
Cynthia G. Clopper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dialect classification reveals mismatch between speech processing and dialect perception
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2017Co-Authors: Megan M. Dailey, Cynthia G. ClopperAbstract:Familiar Dialects can facilitate speech processing. However, recent investigations of speech processing of the Northern and Midland Dialects of American English reveal a different pattern: in noise-masked speech, listeners from both dialect regions identify Midland words and phrases with higher accuracy than Northern words and phrases. This preference may be explained by inconsistencies between Northern talkers’ production and perception of their own dialect. The goal of the current study was to determine whether cross-dialect processing differences between the Northern and Midland Dialects reflect listeners’ explicit dialect identification ability. Participants completed a speech intelligibility in noise task followed by a forced-choice dialect categorization task. Speech stimuli in both tasks were short phrases taken from passages read by eight Northern and eight Midland talkers. Responses in both tasks were scored for accuracy. Results revealed higher accuracy in intelligibility for Midland phrases tha...
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variation in the strength of lexical encoding across Dialects
Journal of Phonetics, 2016Co-Authors: Cynthia G. Clopper, Terrin N Tamati, Janet B PierrehumbertAbstract:Lexical processing is slower and less accurate for unfamiliar Dialects than familiar Dialects. The goal of the current study was to test the hypothesis that dialect differences in lexical processing reflect differences in lexical encoding strength across Dialects. Lexical encoding (i.e., updating the cognitive lexical representation to reflect the current token) was distinguished from lexical recognition (i.e., mapping the incoming acoustic signal to the target lexical category) in a series of lexical processing tasks with Midland and Northern American English. The experiments were conducted in the Midland region with Midland and Northern listeners. The results confirmed differential processing of the two Dialects: the Midland dialect was processed more quickly than the Northern dialect. The results further revealed significantly larger repetition benefits (i.e., priming) and cross-dialect lexical interference effects for lexical forms in the Midland dialect than in the Northern dialect for both listener groups, particularly when the stimulus materials were presented in noise. These results suggest that lexical information is more strongly encoded for the contextually-local Midland dialect than for the non-local Northern dialect. We interpret these effects as reflecting cognitive processing costs associated with normalization for dialect variation, which lead to weaker lexical encoding under more difficult processing conditions.
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regional variation in temporal organization in american english
Journal of Phonetics, 2015Co-Authors: Cynthia G. Clopper, Rajka SmiljanicAbstract:Abstract The goal of the current study was to explore the temporal organization of six regional Dialects of American English to gain a better understanding of the perceptual impressions of speaking rate variation. The study further examines whether regional Dialects form different groupings based on their segmental vs. global temporal characteristics. Acoustic measures included articulation rate, pause frequency and duration, and vowel and consonant duration variability. The results revealed that Southern American English is characterized by a slow overall articulation rate, long pauses, and highly variable syllable-to-syllable vowel durations, whereas the New England dialect is characterized by a fast overall articulation rate, short pauses, and highly variable syllable-to-syllable consonant durations. The patterns for the other Dialects are more mixed: the Northern and Western Dialects are characterized by low variability vowel durations, the Midland dialect shares a slow articulation rate with the Southern dialect, and the Mid-Atlantic dialect exhibits no unique temporal properties among those examined. Thus, temporal variation in regional Dialects of American English is orthogonal to vowel variation, in which New England, Midland, and Western Dialects are often characterized together as “General American”. Taken together, the results are consistent with the stereotype that Southerners talk slowly and Northerners talk quickly and suggest that pausing and segmental duration variability may contribute to the perceived speaking rate differences.
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Effects of semantic context and regional dialect variation on speech intelligibility in noise.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2009Co-Authors: Cynthia G. ClopperAbstract:Speech intelligibility in noise is affected by the semantic content of the utterance; semantically predictable utterances are more intelligible than semantically unpredictable or anomalous utterances. However, dialect variation interacts with semantic predictability in production; talkers produce more dialect‐specific variants in semantically predictable contexts and more standard variants in semantically unpredictable contexts. The goal of the current study was to explore the interaction between dialect variation and semantic context in perception. Participants were asked to transcribe the final word of semantically predictable, unpredictable, and anomalous sentences produced by talkers from four regional Dialects of American English and mixed with speech‐shaped noise. The listeners exhibited an intelligibility benefit in the predictable context relative to the other two semantic contexts, regardless of talker dialect. However, differences in intelligibility between the Dialects were reduced in the unpre...
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some acoustic cues for the perceptual categorization of american english regional Dialects
Journal of Phonetics, 2004Co-Authors: Cynthia G. Clopper, David B PisoniAbstract:The perception of phonological differences between regional Dialects of American English by naive listeners has received little attention in the speech perception literature and is still a poorly understood problem. Two experiments were carried out using the TIMIT corpus of spoken sentences produced by talkers from a number of distinct dialect regions in the United States. In Experiment 1, acoustic analysis techniques identified several phonetic features that can be used to distinguish different Dialects. In Experiment 2, recordings of the sentences were played back to naive listeners who were asked to categorize talkers into one of six geographical dialect regions. Results showed that listeners are able to reliably categorize talkers using three broad dialect clusters (New England, South, North/West), but that they have more difficulty categorizing talkers into six smaller regions. Multiple regression analyses on the acoustic measures, the actual dialect affiliation of the talkers, and the categorization responses revealed that the listeners in this study made use of several reliable acoustic–phonetic properties of the Dialects in categorizing the talkers. Taken together, the results of these two experiments confirm that naive listeners have knowledge of phonological differences between Dialects and can use this knowledge to categorize talkers by dialect.
Adam Petrusek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detailed large scale mapping of geographical variation of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella song Dialects in a citizen science project
Ibis, 2019Co-Authors: Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Adam Petrusek, Jiři Svoboda, Jana Bilkova, Zdeněk Vermouzek, Petr Prochazka, Tereza PetruskovaAbstract:Song Dialects, as a special case of geographical variation in vocalization, are useful tools in the study of a number of topics ranging from cultural evolution to the emergence of reproductive barriers, and thus continue to be the focus of many bird‐song studies. The Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella is a common Palaearctic bird with a long breeding season and song period, whose distinctive song exhibits clearly distinguishable Dialects differing in the composition of the final phrase. The species is therefore particularly suitable for large‐scale studies of dialect distribution involving not only experts but also members of the public. Here we demonstrate that citizen science can indeed allow mapping of songbird dialect distribution on a national scale in unprecedented detail. During the project Dialects of Czech Yellowhammers, which collected almost 4000 recordings over 6 years (2011–2016), we obtained information on dialect distribution for almost 90% of the territory of Czechia. We detected most of the common dialect types known elsewhere in Europe, and these were distributed in a fragmented fashion, with several unusual and rare Dialects also detected in small areas. However, the highly scattered distribution of birds using some final phrases traditionally assigned to distinct Dialects suggests that classification of Yellowhammer Dialects warrants a thorough re‐assessment based on quantitative data. Successful involvement of the public in this and other ongoing citizen science projects has contributed to the establishment of the Yellowhammer as a model species for dialect research. The dataset will serve as a foundation for future studies investigating processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of avian Dialects, and may be particularly useful for evaluating their spatial and temporal stability.
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a review of the distribution of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella Dialects in europe reveals the lack of a clear macrogeographic pattern
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Tereza Petruskova, Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Petr Prochazka, Eckehard Frauendorf, Adam PetrusekAbstract:The Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a bird with a very long history of research in geographic song variation, dating back to the 1920s. Numerous features make the Yellowhammer a suitable model for studying songbird Dialects: it is a common and easily recognizable species, has a simple song, keeps singing long into the season, and has Dialects (defined by the final song phrase) that are relatively easy to identify. Numerous works have focused on Yellowhammer Dialects and their geographic distribution in various parts of Europe, often revealing mosaic-like patterns even at relatively restricted spatial scales. However, it has been repeatedly suggested that Yellowhammer Dialects can be divided into two groups showing a macrogeographic pattern of distribution (in some recent works, eastern and western groups of Dialects have been mentioned). To evaluate this assumption, data scattered in various published sources need to be pooled. Comparing historical records is nevertheless challenging, as various nomenclatures for Yellowhammer Dialects were used until the mid-1980s (when a detailed system coined by Poul Hansen in Denmark was adopted), and older studies often did not differentiate between Dialects recognized at present. To facilitate further work on song variation of this species, we summarized published information on the distribution of Yellowhammer Dialects in Europe, added data from recordings publicly available online and in selected sound collections, and unified the different dialect nomenclatures used in the past. We demonstrate that the continental-wide distribution patterns of Yellowhammer Dialects do not support the existence of broad, geographically distinct dialect groups (eastern vs. western). Furthermore, some of the presently recognized distinct dialect types seem to be parts of a broader continuum. Based on our conclusions, we discuss potential future avenues for Yellowhammer dialect research.
Petr Prochazka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detailed large scale mapping of geographical variation of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella song Dialects in a citizen science project
Ibis, 2019Co-Authors: Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Adam Petrusek, Jiři Svoboda, Jana Bilkova, Zdeněk Vermouzek, Petr Prochazka, Tereza PetruskovaAbstract:Song Dialects, as a special case of geographical variation in vocalization, are useful tools in the study of a number of topics ranging from cultural evolution to the emergence of reproductive barriers, and thus continue to be the focus of many bird‐song studies. The Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella is a common Palaearctic bird with a long breeding season and song period, whose distinctive song exhibits clearly distinguishable Dialects differing in the composition of the final phrase. The species is therefore particularly suitable for large‐scale studies of dialect distribution involving not only experts but also members of the public. Here we demonstrate that citizen science can indeed allow mapping of songbird dialect distribution on a national scale in unprecedented detail. During the project Dialects of Czech Yellowhammers, which collected almost 4000 recordings over 6 years (2011–2016), we obtained information on dialect distribution for almost 90% of the territory of Czechia. We detected most of the common dialect types known elsewhere in Europe, and these were distributed in a fragmented fashion, with several unusual and rare Dialects also detected in small areas. However, the highly scattered distribution of birds using some final phrases traditionally assigned to distinct Dialects suggests that classification of Yellowhammer Dialects warrants a thorough re‐assessment based on quantitative data. Successful involvement of the public in this and other ongoing citizen science projects has contributed to the establishment of the Yellowhammer as a model species for dialect research. The dataset will serve as a foundation for future studies investigating processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of avian Dialects, and may be particularly useful for evaluating their spatial and temporal stability.
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a review of the distribution of yellowhammer emberiza citrinella Dialects in europe reveals the lack of a clear macrogeographic pattern
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Tereza Petruskova, Lucie Diblikova, Pavel Pipek, Petr Prochazka, Eckehard Frauendorf, Adam PetrusekAbstract:The Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) is a bird with a very long history of research in geographic song variation, dating back to the 1920s. Numerous features make the Yellowhammer a suitable model for studying songbird Dialects: it is a common and easily recognizable species, has a simple song, keeps singing long into the season, and has Dialects (defined by the final song phrase) that are relatively easy to identify. Numerous works have focused on Yellowhammer Dialects and their geographic distribution in various parts of Europe, often revealing mosaic-like patterns even at relatively restricted spatial scales. However, it has been repeatedly suggested that Yellowhammer Dialects can be divided into two groups showing a macrogeographic pattern of distribution (in some recent works, eastern and western groups of Dialects have been mentioned). To evaluate this assumption, data scattered in various published sources need to be pooled. Comparing historical records is nevertheless challenging, as various nomenclatures for Yellowhammer Dialects were used until the mid-1980s (when a detailed system coined by Poul Hansen in Denmark was adopted), and older studies often did not differentiate between Dialects recognized at present. To facilitate further work on song variation of this species, we summarized published information on the distribution of Yellowhammer Dialects in Europe, added data from recordings publicly available online and in selected sound collections, and unified the different dialect nomenclatures used in the past. We demonstrate that the continental-wide distribution patterns of Yellowhammer Dialects do not support the existence of broad, geographically distinct dialect groups (eastern vs. western). Furthermore, some of the presently recognized distinct dialect types seem to be parts of a broader continuum. Based on our conclusions, we discuss potential future avenues for Yellowhammer dialect research.