The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Elena K Kupriyanova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a global invader or a complex of regionally distributed species clarifying the status of an invasive calcareous tubeworm hydroides Dianthus verrill 1873 polychaeta serpulidae using dna barcoding
    Marine Biology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Yanan Sun, Eunice Wong, Erica Keppel, Jane E Williamson, Elena K Kupriyanova
    Abstract:

    Clarifying taxonomic status is essential to understanding invasion source and the spread of invasive species. Here we used barcoding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I to explore the issue in a common fouling invasive species Hydroides Dianthus. The species was originally described from off New England, USA, reported along the east coast of North America down to Florida and the Caribbean region, introduced to China, Europe, Japan and West Africa via anthropogenic transport and is now collected in Brazil for the first time. Unlike most congeners, H. Dianthus has tolerance for a wide temperature range, being distributed from temperate to subtropical waters. Our results based on 112 specimens collected from 17 localities worldwide confirmed that H. Dianthus sensu stricto is indeed a global invader. Observed higher haplotypes diversity in the Mediterranean seems to contradict the currently accepted native range of H. Dianthus sensu stricto in the USA. The study also revealed the existence of a potential cryptic species H. cf. Dianthus with a genetic distance of 5.6%. The cryptic lineage found in Texas was evidently introduced to the Black Sea only recently. Given that both lineages within H. Dianthus are invasive, a greater emphasis on adequate monitoring and management of the routes responsible for introductions of this species is needed.

Annie Machordom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • merging scleractinian genera the overwhelming genetic similarity between solitary desmophyllum and colonial lophelia
    BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Anna Maria Addamo, Marco Taviani, Agostina Vertino, Jaroslaw Stolarski, Ricardo Garciajimenez, Annie Machordom
    Abstract:

    In recent years, several types of molecular markers and new microscale skeletal characters have shown potential as powerful tools for phylogenetic reconstructions and higher-level taxonomy of scleractinian corals. Nonetheless, discrimination of closely related taxa is still highly controversial in scleractinian coral research. Here we used newly sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes and 30 microsatellites to define the genetic divergence between two closely related azooxanthellate taxa of the family Caryophylliidae: solitary Desmophyllum Dianthus and colonial Lophelia pertusa. In the mitochondrial control region, an astonishing 99.8 % of nucleotides between L. pertusa and D. Dianthus were identical. Variability of the mitochondrial genomes of the two species is represented by only 12 non-synonymous out of 19 total nucleotide substitutions. Microsatellite sequence (37 loci) analysis of L. pertusa and D. Dianthus showed genetic similarity is about 97 %. Our results also indicated that L. pertusa and D. Dianthus show high skeletal plasticity in corallum shape and similarity in skeletal ontogeny, micromorphological (septal and wall granulations) and microstructural characters (arrangement of rapid accretion deposits, thickening deposits). Molecularly and morphologically, the solitary Desmophyllum and the dendroid Lophelia appear to be significantly more similar to each other than other unambiguous coral genera analysed to date. This consequently leads to ascribe both taxa under the generic name Desmophyllum (priority by date of publication). Findings of this study demonstrate that coloniality may not be a robust taxonomic character in scleractinian corals.

  • morphological polymorphism of desmophyllum Dianthus anthozoa hexacorallia over a wide ecological and biogeographic range stability in deep habitats
    Zoologischer Anzeiger – A Journal of Comparative Zoology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Anna Maria Addamo, Marco Taviani, Irene Martinezbaraldes, Agostina Vertino, Pablo J Lopezgonzalez, Annie Machordom
    Abstract:

    Abstract Although zooxanthellate corals are well known for their ecophenotypic variations, there is increasing evidence that azooxanthellate species also harbour a high degree of plasticity. Desmophyllum Dianthus , a widespread solitary coral, exhibits a high degree of morphological variation in corallum forms that has never been analysed quantitatively. To assess if the clear morphological variation of D. Dianthus follows a specific pattern based on environmental (or others) variables, this study combines three different morphometric approaches: (1) classical linear external morphology, (2) use of three-dimensional coordinates landmarks, and (3) linear measurements and counts made of cnidocyst features. Comparative morphological characterization of D. Dianthus specimens shows a pattern of intraspecific variation over a wide ecological and biogeographic range. However, additional future studies on this and other proposed cosmopolitan species, including a similar sampling effort in localities and specimens, will be useful to explore the existence of common global patterns of morphological variability. Hypotheses for intraspecific polymorphism are discussed to explain the incongruence between the obtained results and the seemingly high morphological variability observed within D. Dianthus .

  • desmophyllum Dianthus esper 1794 in the scleractinian phylogeny and its intraspecific diversity
    PLOS ONE, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anna Maria Addamo, James Davis Reimer, Marco Taviani, Andre Freiwald, Annie Machordom
    Abstract:

    The cosmopolitan solitary deep-water scleractinian coral Desmophyllum Dianthus (Esper, 1794) was selected as a representative model species of the polyphyletic Caryophylliidae family to (1) examine phylogenetic relationships with respect to the principal Scleractinia taxa, (2) check population structure, (3) test the widespread connectivity hypothesis and (4) assess the utility of different nuclear and mitochondrial markers currently in use. To carry out these goals, DNA sequence data from nuclear (ITS and 28S) and mitochondrial (16S and COI) markers were analyzed for several coral species and for Mediterranean populations of D. Dianthus. Three phylogenetic methodologies (ML, MP and BI), based on data from the four molecular markers, all supported D. Dianthus as clearly belonging to the “robust” clade, in which the species Lophelia pertusa and D. Dianthus not only grouped together, but also shared haplotypes for some DNA markers. Molecular results also showed shared haplotypes among D. Dianthus populations distributed in regions separated by several thousands of kilometers and by clear geographic barriers. These results could reflect limited molecular and morphological taxonomic resolution rather than real widespread connectivity. Additional studies are needed in order to find molecular markers and morphological features able to disentangle the complex phylogenetic relationship in the Order Scleractinia and to differentiate isolated populations, thus avoiding the homoplasy found in some morphological characters that are still considered in the literature.

Eleni Anagnostou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an improved boron isotope ph proxy calibration for the deep sea coral desmophyllum Dianthus through sub sampling of fibrous aragonite
    Chemical Geology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Eleni Anagnostou, Joseph A Stewart, Gavin L Foster
    Abstract:

    Abstract The isotopic composition of boron (δ 11 B) in marine carbonates is well established as a proxy for past ocean pH, however, its robust application to palaeo-environments relies on the generation of species-specific calibrations. Existing calibrations utilising the deep-sea coral (DSC) Desmophyllum Dianthus highlight the potential application of this pervasive species to pH reconstructions of intermediate depth waters. Nevertheless, considerable uncertainty remains regarding the estimation of seawater pH from these bulk skeletal δ 11 B measurements, likely resulting from microstructural heterogeneities in δ 11 B of D. Dianthus . To circumvent this problem, thus improving the reliability of the D. Dianthus δ 11 B-pH calibration, we present a new δ 11 B calibration of micro-sampled fibrous aragonite from this species. Modern coral specimens recovered from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans, micro-sampled using microdrilling, micromilling, and laser cutting extraction, were analysed for trace element (B/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and U/Ca) and boron isotopic composition. We find the best calibration against the δ 11 B of borate in local ambient seawater (a function of pH and taken from hydrographic data sets; pH range 7.57 to 8.05) utilises δ 11 B measurements of fibres with likely slow growth rates and minimal contamination from adjacent microstructures (identified by low Mg/Ca) for each coral specimen. This new calibration exhibits a stronger, and better-defined dependence on ambient seawater pH compared to bulk coral δ 11 B; δ 11 B fibre  = ( 0.93  ± 0.17) × δ 11 B borate  + ( 12.02  ± 2.63). We suggest that the majority of the variability in measured δ 11 B between replicate bands of fibrous aragonite from a D. Dianthus specimen can be explained by small incorporation of non-fibrous aragonite and surface impurities during microsampling and growth rate effects. This study confirms the utility of D. Dianthus as an archive of precise palaeo-pH (± 0.07 pH units), provided that suitable sampling strategies are applied.

  • evaluation of boron isotope ratio as a ph proxy in the deep sea coral desmophyllum Dianthus evidence of physiological ph adjustment
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eleni Anagnostou, Kuofang Huang, Elisabeth L Sikes, Robert M Sherrell
    Abstract:

    The boron isotope ratio (?11B) of foraminifers and tropical corals has been proposed to record seawater pH. To test the veracity and practicality of this potential paleo-pH proxy in deep sea corals, samples of skeletal material from twelve archived modern Desmophyllum Dianthus (D. Dianthus) corals from a depth range of 274–1470 m in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans, ambient pH range 7.57–8.05, were analyzed for ?11B. The ?11B values for these corals, spanning a range from 23.56 to 27.88, are found to be related to seawater borate ?11B by the linear regression: ?11Bcoral=(0.76±0.28) ?11Bborate+(14.67±4.19) (1 standard error (SE)). The D. Dianthus ?11B values are greater than those measured in tropical corals, and suggest substantial physiological modification of pH in the calcifying space by a value that is an inverse function of seawater pH. This mechanism partially compensates for the range of ocean pH and aragonite saturation at which this species grows, enhancing aragonite precipitation and suggesting an adaptation mechanism to low pH environments in intermediate and deep waters. Consistent with the findings of Trotter et al. (2011) for tropical surface corals, the data suggest an inverse correlation between the magnitude of a biologically driven pH offset recorded in the coral skeleton, and the seawater pH, described by the equation: ?pH=pH recorded by coral?seawater pH=?(0.75±0.12) pHw+(6.88±0.93) (1 SE). Error analysis based on 95% confidence interval(CI) and the standard deviation of the regression residuals suggests that the uncertainty of seawater pH reconstructed from ?11Bcoral is ±0.07 to 0.12 pH units. This study demonstrates the applicability of ?11B in D. Dianthus to record ambient seawater pH and holds promise for reconstructing oceanic pH distribution and history using fossil corals.

  • seawater nutrient and carbonate ion concentrations recorded as p ca ba ca and u ca in the deep sea coral desmophyllum Dianthus
    Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2011
    Co-Authors: Eleni Anagnostou, Robert M Sherrell, Alexander C Gagnon, M Lavigne, Paul M Field, William F Mcdonough
    Abstract:

    As paleoceanographic archives, deep sea coral skeletons offer the potential for high temporal resolution and precise absolute dating, but have not been fully investigated for geochemical reconstructions of past ocean conditions. Here we assess the utility of skeletal P/Ca, Ba/Ca and U/Ca in the deep sea coral D. Dianthus as proxies of dissolved phosphate (remineralized at shallow depths), dissolved barium (trace element with silicate-type distribution) and carbonate ion concentrations, respectively. Measurements of these proxies in globally distributed D. Dianthus specimens show clear dependence on corresponding seawater properties. Linear regression fits of mean coral Element/Ca ratios against seawater properties yield the equations: P/Cacoral (lmol/ mol) = (0.6 ± 0.1) P/Casw(lmol/mol) – (23 ± 18), R 2 = 0.6, n = 16 and Ba/Cacoral(lmol/mol) = (1.4 ± 0.3) Ba/Casw(lmol/ mol) + (0 ± 2), R 2 = 0.6, n = 17; no significant relationship is observed between the residuals of each regression and seawater temperature, salinity, pressure, pH or carbonate ion concentrations, suggesting that these variables were not significant secondary dependencies of these proxies. Four D. Dianthus specimens growing at locations withOarag 6 0.6 displayed markedly depleted P/Ca compared to the regression based on the remaining samples, a behavior attributed to an undersaturation effect. These corals were excluded from the calibration. Coral U/Ca correlates with seawater carbonate ion: U/Cacoral(lmol/ mol) = (� 0.016 ± 0.003) ½CO 2� 3 � (lmol/kg) + (3.2 ± 0.3), R 2 = 0.6, n = 17. The residuals of the U/Ca calibration are not significantly related to temperature, salinity, or pressure. Scatter about the linear calibration lines is attributed to imperfect spatialtemporal matches between the selected globally distributed specimens and available water column chemical data, and potentially to unresolved additional effects. The uncertainties of these initial proxy calibration regressions predict that dissolved phosphate could be reconstructed to ±0.4 lmol/kg (for 1.3–1.9 lmol/kg phosphate), and dissolved Ba to ±19 nmol/kg (for 41–82 nmol/ kg Basw). Carbonate ion concentration derived from U/Ca has an uncertainty of ±31lmol/kg (for 60–120 lmol=kg CO 2� 3 ).

Sabine Glasl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Flavonoid C- and O-glycosides from the Mongolian medicinal plant Dianthus versicolor Fisch.
    Carbohydrate Research, 2011
    Co-Authors: A. Obmann, Zita Swoboda, Sodnomtseren Purevsuren, Christa Kletter, Martin Zehl, Armin Presser, Ingrid Werner, Samdan Narantuya, Sabine Glasl
    Abstract:

    Abstract Eighteen flavonoids were identified from an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Dianthus versicolor , a plant used in traditional Mongolian medicine against liver diseases. The flavonoid C- and O-glycosides isoorientin-7- O -rutinoside, isoorientin-7- O -rhamnosyl-galactoside, isovitexin-7- O -rutinoside, isovitexin-7- O -rhamnosyl-galactoside, isoscoparin-7- O -rutinoside, isoscoparin-7- O -rhamnosyl-galactoside, isoscoparin-7- O -galactoside, and isoorientin-7- O -galactoside were isolated and structurally elucidated. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic techniques including LC–UV–DAD, LC–MS n , LC–HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and by GC–MS analysis after hydrolysis. Flavonoids with such a high glycosylation pattern are rare within the genus Dianthus . Furthermore, isovitexin-7- O -glucoside (saponarin), isovitexin-2″- O -rhamnoside, apigenin-6-glucoside (isovitexin), luteolin-7- O -glucoside, apigenin-7- O -glucoside, as well as the aglycons luteolin, apigenin, chrysoeriol, diosmetin, and acacetin were identified by TLC and LC–DAD–MS n in comparison to reference substances or literature data. The NMR data of seven structures have not been reported in the literature to date.

  • extracts from the mongolian traditional medicinal plants Dianthus versicolor fisch and lilium pumilum delile stimulate bile flow in an isolated perfused rat liver model
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010
    Co-Authors: A. Obmann, Sodnomtseren Purevsuren, Christa Kletter, Martin Zehl, Samdan Narantuya, Damba Tsendayush, Theresia Thalhammer, Damdinsuren Natsagdorj, Sabine Glasl
    Abstract:

    Aim of the study Dianthus versicolor (Caryophyllaceae) and Lilium pumilum (Liliaceae) are two medicinal plants used in traditional Mongolian medicine to treat hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders. In this study aqueous (AE) and methanolic (ME) extracts of Dianthus versicolor and Lilium pumilum were investigated for their influence on the bile flow. The aqueous extracts of both plants were tested in absence and presence of 10 μM taurocholic acid at three different concentrations (100, 250, and 500 mg/L). The aqueous extract of Dianthus versicolor was further purified in order to locate the active principles. Two resulting fractions, one enriched in flavonoids and the other in sugars, were investigated for their influence on the bile flow in absence of taurocholic acid at 10, 20, and 40 mg/L. The aqueous extracts of both plants were analysed qualitatively by LC-MSn and quantitatively by UV-spectrophotometry. Materials and methods The bile flow experiments were performed in the isolated perfused rat liver. The compounds were identified by LC-DAD-MSn and TLC using references. The UV-spectrophotometric analysis was based on the monograph “Passiflorae herba” of the European Pharmacopoeia, and the total flavonoid contents were calculated and expressed as vitexin. Results AE and ME of both plants increased the bile flow dose-dependently (between 9% and 30%), and no hepatotoxic effect was seen even during longer perfusions. Stimulation of bile secretion was comparable in the presence and in the absence of taurocholic acid. The flavonoid fraction of Dianthus versicolor increased the bile flow by 18% (p < 0.05) at 40 mg/L, which was comparable to the positive control cynarin. The phytochemical investigations of the Dianthus versicolor AE (total flavonoid content 1.78%) revealed the presence of the isovitexin derivative saponarin. In the AE of Lilium pumilum (total flavonoid content 1.04%) the flavonoids rutoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were detected. Conclusions The results show that choleresis under extract application is due to a stimulation of the bile-salt-independent bile flow which might be caused by the osmotic power of the extracts (hydrocholeresis). The flavonoids seem to contribute to the bile-flow-stimulating effect of Dianthus versicolor. Both plants exhibit a considerable choleretic effect that contributes to their use in traditional Mongolian medicine against gastrointestinal disorders.

Pablo Antonio Serrano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efecto de tratamientos pregerminativos en semillas de Dianthus barbatus l cv purple bajo condiciones controladas
    Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2018
    Co-Authors: Leidy Julieth Gonzalezamaya, Bayron Eduardo Pita, Elberth Hernando Pinzonsandoval, German Eduardo Cely, Pablo Antonio Serrano
    Abstract:

    espanolLos claveles son de las flores mas apetecidas por sus excelentes caracteristicas de duracion y belleza. Sin embargo, la especie Dianthus barbatus L. cv. ‘Purple’, presenta problemas en la germinacion de sus semillas, lo que conlleva incremento de los costos de produccion. Por lo anterior el objetivo de la investigacion fue evaluar diferentes tratamientos pregerminativos sobre la germinacion de semillas de Dianthus barbatus L. cv ‘Purple’. Para esto, se establecio un Diseno Completamente al Azar con diez tratamientos correspondientes a la combinacion de tres dosis de KNO3 (150, 200, 250mg L-1) y tres tiempos de imbibicion (6, 12, 24 horas) mas el tratamiento testigo. Las variables evaluadas fueron: porcentaje de germinacion (PG), agua absorbida, velocidad media de germinacion (VMG), tiempo medio de germinacion (TMG), porcentaje de adaptabilidad (PA). La aplicacion de los tratamientos pregerminativos basados en la aplicacion de KNO3 combinado con el tiempo de imbibicion mostro un efecto positivo sobre el porcentaje de germinacion, VMG, TMG, tasa de imbibicion y adaptacion en semillas de Dianthus barbatus L. cv. ‘Purple’ bajo condiciones controladas. El tratamiento que mejor respuesta genero fue la aplicacion de KNO3 en una concentracion de 250mg L-1 y seis horas de imbibicion el cual presento diferencias significativas (P≤0,05) frente al tratamiento testigo en la mayoria de las variables evaluadas, esto lo convierte en una alternativa importante en la reduccion de costos de produccion dentro del proceso de propagacion sexual de D. barbatus L. cv ‘Purple’ bajo condiciones controladas. EnglishCarnations are the most desired flowers because their excellent characteristics of endurance and beauty. However, the species Dianthus barbatus L. cv. 'Purple', face problems in the germination stage, which leads to increased production costs. Therefore, the objective of the research was to test different pre-germination treatments on the seed germination of Dianthus barbatus L. cv 'Purple'. A Completely Randomized Design was established with ten treatments corresponding to the combination of three doses of KNO3 (150, 200, 250 mg L-1) and three imbibition periods (6, 12, 24 hours) including the control treatment. The evaluated variables were: percentage of germination (PG), water absorbed, germination speed average (ASG), germination time average (ATG), percentage of adaptability (PA). The application of pre-germination treatments based on the application of KNO3 combined with the imbibition showed a positive effect on the percentage of, ASG, ATG, imbibition rate and adaptation in seeds of Dianthus barbatus L. cv. 'Purple' under controlled conditions. The treatment that generated the best response was the application of KNO3 at a concentration of 250 mg L-1 and six hours of imbibition, which presented significant differences (P≤0.05) compared to the control treatment in most of the evaluated variables. It becomes an important alternative in the reduction of production costs within the process of sexual propagation of D. barbatus L. cv 'Purple' under controlled conditions.

  • Efecto de tratamientos pregerminativos en semillas de Dianthus barbatus L. cv. ‘Purple’ bajo condiciones controladas
    Universidad de Nariño, 2018
    Co-Authors: Leidy Julieth González-amaya, Bayron Eduardo Pita, German Eduardo Cely, Elberth Hernando Pinzón-sandoval, Pablo Antonio Serrano
    Abstract:

    Los claveles son de las flores más apetecidas por sus excelentes características de duración y belleza. Sin embargo, la especie Dianthus barbatus L. cv. ‘Purple’, presenta problemas en la germinación de sus semillas, lo que conlleva incremento de los costos de producción. Por lo anterior el objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar diferentes tratamientos pregerminativos sobre la germinación de semillas de Dianthus barbatus L. cv ‘Purple’. Para esto, se estableció un Diseño Completamente al Azar con diez tratamientos correspondientes a la combinación de tres dosis de KNO3 (150, 200, 250mg L-1) y tres tiempos de imbibición (6, 12, 24 horas) más el tratamiento testigo. Las variables evaluadas fueron: porcentaje de germinación (PG), agua absorbida, velocidad media de germinación (VMG), tiempo medio de germinación (TMG), porcentaje de adaptabilidad (PA). La aplicación de los tratamientos pregerminativos basados en la aplicación de KNO3 combinado con el tiempo de imbibición mostró un efecto positivo sobre el porcentaje de germinación, VMG, TMG, tasa de imbibición y adaptación en semillas de Dianthus barbatus L. cv. ‘Purple’ bajo condiciones controladas. El tratamiento que mejor respuesta generó fue la aplicación de KNO3 en una concentración de 250mg L-1 y seis horas de imbibición el cual presentó diferencias significativas (P≤0,05) frente al tratamiento testigo en la mayoría de las variables evaluadas, esto lo convierte en una alternativa importante en la reducción de costos de producción dentro del proceso de propagación sexual de D. barbatus L. cv ‘Purple’ bajo condiciones controladas