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Scott R Mcwilliams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dietary Antioxidants attenuate the endocrine stress response during long duration flight of a migratory bird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Stefania Casagrande, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Edyta T Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Glucocorticoids (GCs) are metabolic hormones that promote catabolic processes, which release stored energy and support high metabolic demands such as during prolonged flights of migrating birds. Dietary Antioxidants (e.g. anthocyanins) support metabolism by quenching excess reactive oxygen species produced during aerobic metabolism and also by activating specific metabolic pathways. For example, similar to GCs' function, anthocyanins promote the release of stored energy, although the extent of complementarity between GCs and Dietary Antioxidants is not well known. If anthocyanins complement GCs functions, birds consuming anthocyanin-rich food can be expected to limit the secretion of GCs when coping with a metabolically challenging activity, avoiding the exposure to potential hormonal detrimental effects. We tested this hypothesis in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) flying in a wind tunnel. We compared levels of corticosterone, the main avian GC, immediately after a sustained flight and at rest for birds that were fed diets with or without an anthocyanin supplement. As predicted, we found (i) higher corticosterone after flight than at rest in both diet groups and (ii) anthocyanin-supplemented birds had less elevated corticosterone after flight than unsupplemented control birds. This provides novel evidence that Dietary Antioxidants attenuate the activation of the HPA axis (i.e. increased secretion of corticosterone) during long-duration flight.
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environmental cues and Dietary Antioxidants affect breeding behavior and testosterone of male european starlings sturnus vulgaris
Hormones and Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Katherine M Carbeck, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Ulf Bauchinger, Pietro B Damelio, Wolfgang Goymann, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Abstract Environmental cues, such as photoperiod, regulate the timing of major life-history events like breeding through direct neuroendocrine control. Less known is how supplementary environmental cues (e.g., nest sites, food availability) interact to influence key hormones and behaviors involved in reproduction, specifically in migratory species with gonadal recrudescence largely occurring at breeding sites. We investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of male European starlings to the sequential addition of nest boxes and nesting material, green herbs, and female conspecifics and how these responses depend on the availability of certain Antioxidants (anthocyanins) in the diet. As expected, cloacal protuberance volume and plasma testosterone of males generally increased with photoperiod. More notably, testosterone levels peaked in males fed the high antioxidant diet when both nest box and herbal cues were present, while males fed the low antioxidant diet showed no or only a muted testosterone response to the sequential addition of these environmental cues; thus our results are in agreement with the oxidation handicap hypothesis. Males fed the high antioxidant diet maintained a constant frequency of breeding behaviors over time, whereas those fed the low antioxidant diet decreased breeding behaviors as environmental cues were sequentially added. Overall, sequential addition of the environmental cues modulated physiological and behavioral measures of reproductive condition, and Dietary Antioxidants were shown to be a key factor in affecting the degree of response to each of these cues. Our results highlight the importance of supplementary environmental cues and key resources such as Dietary Antioxidants in enhancing breeding condition of males, which conceivably aid in attraction of high quality females and reproductive success.
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environmental cues and Dietary Antioxidants affect breeding behavior and testosterone of male european starlings sturnus vulgaris
Hormones and Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Katherine M Carbeck, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Ulf Bauchinger, Pietro B Damelio, Wolfgang Goymann, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Abstract Environmental cues, such as photoperiod, regulate the timing of major life-history events like breeding through direct neuroendocrine control. Less known is how supplementary environmental cues (e.g., nest sites, food availability) interact to influence key hormones and behaviors involved in reproduction, specifically in migratory species with gonadal recrudescence largely occurring at breeding sites. We investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of male European starlings to the sequential addition of nest boxes and nesting material, green herbs, and female conspecifics and how these responses depend on the availability of certain Antioxidants (anthocyanins) in the diet. As expected, cloacal protuberance volume and plasma testosterone of males generally increased with photoperiod. More notably, testosterone levels peaked in males fed the high antioxidant diet when both nest box and herbal cues were present, while males fed the low antioxidant diet showed no or only a muted testosterone response to the sequential addition of these environmental cues; thus our results are in agreement with the oxidation handicap hypothesis. Males fed the high antioxidant diet maintained a constant frequency of breeding behaviors over time, whereas those fed the low antioxidant diet decreased breeding behaviors as environmental cues were sequentially added. Overall, sequential addition of the environmental cues modulated physiological and behavioral measures of reproductive condition, and Dietary Antioxidants were shown to be a key factor in affecting the degree of response to each of these cues. Our results highlight the importance of supplementary environmental cues and key resources such as Dietary Antioxidants in enhancing breeding condition of males, which conceivably aid in attraction of high quality females and reproductive success.
Ulf Bauchinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dietary Antioxidants attenuate the endocrine stress response during long duration flight of a migratory bird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Stefania Casagrande, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Edyta T Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Glucocorticoids (GCs) are metabolic hormones that promote catabolic processes, which release stored energy and support high metabolic demands such as during prolonged flights of migrating birds. Dietary Antioxidants (e.g. anthocyanins) support metabolism by quenching excess reactive oxygen species produced during aerobic metabolism and also by activating specific metabolic pathways. For example, similar to GCs' function, anthocyanins promote the release of stored energy, although the extent of complementarity between GCs and Dietary Antioxidants is not well known. If anthocyanins complement GCs functions, birds consuming anthocyanin-rich food can be expected to limit the secretion of GCs when coping with a metabolically challenging activity, avoiding the exposure to potential hormonal detrimental effects. We tested this hypothesis in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) flying in a wind tunnel. We compared levels of corticosterone, the main avian GC, immediately after a sustained flight and at rest for birds that were fed diets with or without an anthocyanin supplement. As predicted, we found (i) higher corticosterone after flight than at rest in both diet groups and (ii) anthocyanin-supplemented birds had less elevated corticosterone after flight than unsupplemented control birds. This provides novel evidence that Dietary Antioxidants attenuate the activation of the HPA axis (i.e. increased secretion of corticosterone) during long-duration flight.
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environmental cues and Dietary Antioxidants affect breeding behavior and testosterone of male european starlings sturnus vulgaris
Hormones and Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Katherine M Carbeck, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Ulf Bauchinger, Pietro B Damelio, Wolfgang Goymann, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Abstract Environmental cues, such as photoperiod, regulate the timing of major life-history events like breeding through direct neuroendocrine control. Less known is how supplementary environmental cues (e.g., nest sites, food availability) interact to influence key hormones and behaviors involved in reproduction, specifically in migratory species with gonadal recrudescence largely occurring at breeding sites. We investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of male European starlings to the sequential addition of nest boxes and nesting material, green herbs, and female conspecifics and how these responses depend on the availability of certain Antioxidants (anthocyanins) in the diet. As expected, cloacal protuberance volume and plasma testosterone of males generally increased with photoperiod. More notably, testosterone levels peaked in males fed the high antioxidant diet when both nest box and herbal cues were present, while males fed the low antioxidant diet showed no or only a muted testosterone response to the sequential addition of these environmental cues; thus our results are in agreement with the oxidation handicap hypothesis. Males fed the high antioxidant diet maintained a constant frequency of breeding behaviors over time, whereas those fed the low antioxidant diet decreased breeding behaviors as environmental cues were sequentially added. Overall, sequential addition of the environmental cues modulated physiological and behavioral measures of reproductive condition, and Dietary Antioxidants were shown to be a key factor in affecting the degree of response to each of these cues. Our results highlight the importance of supplementary environmental cues and key resources such as Dietary Antioxidants in enhancing breeding condition of males, which conceivably aid in attraction of high quality females and reproductive success.
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environmental cues and Dietary Antioxidants affect breeding behavior and testosterone of male european starlings sturnus vulgaris
Hormones and Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Katherine M Carbeck, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Ulf Bauchinger, Pietro B Damelio, Wolfgang Goymann, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Abstract Environmental cues, such as photoperiod, regulate the timing of major life-history events like breeding through direct neuroendocrine control. Less known is how supplementary environmental cues (e.g., nest sites, food availability) interact to influence key hormones and behaviors involved in reproduction, specifically in migratory species with gonadal recrudescence largely occurring at breeding sites. We investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of male European starlings to the sequential addition of nest boxes and nesting material, green herbs, and female conspecifics and how these responses depend on the availability of certain Antioxidants (anthocyanins) in the diet. As expected, cloacal protuberance volume and plasma testosterone of males generally increased with photoperiod. More notably, testosterone levels peaked in males fed the high antioxidant diet when both nest box and herbal cues were present, while males fed the low antioxidant diet showed no or only a muted testosterone response to the sequential addition of these environmental cues; thus our results are in agreement with the oxidation handicap hypothesis. Males fed the high antioxidant diet maintained a constant frequency of breeding behaviors over time, whereas those fed the low antioxidant diet decreased breeding behaviors as environmental cues were sequentially added. Overall, sequential addition of the environmental cues modulated physiological and behavioral measures of reproductive condition, and Dietary Antioxidants were shown to be a key factor in affecting the degree of response to each of these cues. Our results highlight the importance of supplementary environmental cues and key resources such as Dietary Antioxidants in enhancing breeding condition of males, which conceivably aid in attraction of high quality females and reproductive success.
Chris Wambi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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protective effects of Dietary Antioxidants on proton total body irradiation mediated hematopoietic cell and animal survival
Radiation Research, 2009Co-Authors: Chris Wambi, Jenine K Sanzari, Manunya Nuth, James G Davis, Carly M Sayers, Jeffrey H Ware, Zhaozong Zhou, Niklas Finnberg, Joan S Lewiswambi, Wafik S EldeiryAbstract:Abstract Dietary Antioxidants have radioprotective effects after γ-radiation exposure that limit hematopoietic cell depletion and improve animal survival. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a Dietary supplement consisting of l-selenomethionine, vitamin C, vitamin E succinate, α-lipoic acid and N-acetyl cysteine could improve survival of mice after proton total-body irradiation (TBI). Antioxidants significantly increased 30-day survival of mice only when given after irradiation at a dose less than the calculated LD50/30; for these data, the dose-modifying factor (DMF) was 1.6. Pretreatment of animals with Antioxidants resulted in significantly higher serum total white blood cell, polymorphonuclear cell and lymphocyte cell counts at 4 h after 1 Gy but not 7.2 Gy proton TBI. Antioxidants significantly modulated plasma levels of the hematopoietic cytokines Flt-3L and TGFβ1 and increased bone marrow cell counts and spleen mass after TBI. Maintenance of the antioxidant diet resulted in improved ...
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Dietary Antioxidants protect hematopoietic cells and improve animal survival after total body irradiation
Radiation Research, 2008Co-Authors: Chris Wambi, Jenine K Sanzari, Steven X Wan, Manunya Nuth, James G Davis, Carly M Sayers, Matthew Baran, Jeffrey H Ware, Ann R KennedyAbstract:Abstract Wambi, C., Sanzari, J., Wan, X. S., Nuth, M., Davis, J., Ko, Y. H., Sayers, C. M., Baran, M., Ware, J. H. and Kennedy, A. R. Dietary Antioxidants Protect Hematopoietic Cells and Improve Animal Survival after Total-Body Irradiation. Radiat. Res. 169, 384–396 (2008). The purpose of this study was to determine whether a Dietary supplement consisting of l-selenomethionine, vitamin C, vitamin E succinate, α-lipoic acid and N-acetyl cysteine could improve the survival of mice after total-body irradiation. Antioxidants significantly increased the 30-day survival of mice after exposure to a potentially lethal dose of X rays when given prior to or after animal irradiation. Pretreatment of animals with Antioxidants resulted in significantly higher total white blood cell and neutrophil counts in peripheral blood at 4 and 24 h after 1 Gy and 8 Gy. Antioxidants were effective in preventing peripheral lymphopenia only after low-dose irradiation. Antioxidant supplementation was also associated with increased bo...
Alan Chait - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dietary Antioxidants inhibit development of fatty streak lesions in the ldl receptor deficient mouse
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1998Co-Authors: Richard S Crawford, Renee C Leboeuf, Elizabeth A. Kirk, Michael E Rosenfeld, Alan ChaitAbstract:Abstract—Oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) promotes atherogenesis. Although pharmacological Antioxidants such as probucol inhibit both LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic animals, the effects of natural Antioxidants such as vitamin E are inconclusive. To further determine the effects of supplemental Dietary Antioxidants in vivo, we evaluated whether combined Dietary Antioxidants (0.1% vitamin E, 0.5% β-carotene, and 0.05% vitamin C) inhibit LDL oxidation and fatty streak lesion development in homozygous LDL receptor–null (LDLR−/−) mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. An additional group of mice were fed black tea, which has been shown to inhibit LDL oxidation in vitro. After receiving a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks, the combined antioxidant–supplemented (antioxidant) group (n=18), tea group (n=19), and control group (n=17) had equivalent plasma cholesterol levels. LDL oxidation, as measured by the lag phase of conjugated diene formation, was markedly inhibited in...
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Dietary Antioxidants Inhibit Development of Fatty Streak Lesions in the LDL Receptor–Deficient Mouse
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1998Co-Authors: Richard S Crawford, Renee C Leboeuf, Elizabeth A. Kirk, Michael E Rosenfeld, Alan ChaitAbstract:Abstract—Oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) promotes atherogenesis. Although pharmacological Antioxidants such as probucol inhibit both LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic animals, the effects of natural Antioxidants such as vitamin E are inconclusive. To further determine the effects of supplemental Dietary Antioxidants in vivo, we evaluated whether combined Dietary Antioxidants (0.1% vitamin E, 0.5% β-carotene, and 0.05% vitamin C) inhibit LDL oxidation and fatty streak lesion development in homozygous LDL receptor–null (LDLR−/−) mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. An additional group of mice were fed black tea, which has been shown to inhibit LDL oxidation in vitro. After receiving a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks, the combined antioxidant–supplemented (antioxidant) group (n=18), tea group (n=19), and control group (n=17) had equivalent plasma cholesterol levels. LDL oxidation, as measured by the lag phase of conjugated diene formation, was markedly inhibited in...
Barbara J Pierce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dietary Antioxidants attenuate the endocrine stress response during long duration flight of a migratory bird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Stefania Casagrande, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Edyta T Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Glucocorticoids (GCs) are metabolic hormones that promote catabolic processes, which release stored energy and support high metabolic demands such as during prolonged flights of migrating birds. Dietary Antioxidants (e.g. anthocyanins) support metabolism by quenching excess reactive oxygen species produced during aerobic metabolism and also by activating specific metabolic pathways. For example, similar to GCs' function, anthocyanins promote the release of stored energy, although the extent of complementarity between GCs and Dietary Antioxidants is not well known. If anthocyanins complement GCs functions, birds consuming anthocyanin-rich food can be expected to limit the secretion of GCs when coping with a metabolically challenging activity, avoiding the exposure to potential hormonal detrimental effects. We tested this hypothesis in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) flying in a wind tunnel. We compared levels of corticosterone, the main avian GC, immediately after a sustained flight and at rest for birds that were fed diets with or without an anthocyanin supplement. As predicted, we found (i) higher corticosterone after flight than at rest in both diet groups and (ii) anthocyanin-supplemented birds had less elevated corticosterone after flight than unsupplemented control birds. This provides novel evidence that Dietary Antioxidants attenuate the activation of the HPA axis (i.e. increased secretion of corticosterone) during long-duration flight.
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environmental cues and Dietary Antioxidants affect breeding behavior and testosterone of male european starlings sturnus vulgaris
Hormones and Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Katherine M Carbeck, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Ulf Bauchinger, Pietro B Damelio, Wolfgang Goymann, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Abstract Environmental cues, such as photoperiod, regulate the timing of major life-history events like breeding through direct neuroendocrine control. Less known is how supplementary environmental cues (e.g., nest sites, food availability) interact to influence key hormones and behaviors involved in reproduction, specifically in migratory species with gonadal recrudescence largely occurring at breeding sites. We investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of male European starlings to the sequential addition of nest boxes and nesting material, green herbs, and female conspecifics and how these responses depend on the availability of certain Antioxidants (anthocyanins) in the diet. As expected, cloacal protuberance volume and plasma testosterone of males generally increased with photoperiod. More notably, testosterone levels peaked in males fed the high antioxidant diet when both nest box and herbal cues were present, while males fed the low antioxidant diet showed no or only a muted testosterone response to the sequential addition of these environmental cues; thus our results are in agreement with the oxidation handicap hypothesis. Males fed the high antioxidant diet maintained a constant frequency of breeding behaviors over time, whereas those fed the low antioxidant diet decreased breeding behaviors as environmental cues were sequentially added. Overall, sequential addition of the environmental cues modulated physiological and behavioral measures of reproductive condition, and Dietary Antioxidants were shown to be a key factor in affecting the degree of response to each of these cues. Our results highlight the importance of supplementary environmental cues and key resources such as Dietary Antioxidants in enhancing breeding condition of males, which conceivably aid in attraction of high quality females and reproductive success.
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environmental cues and Dietary Antioxidants affect breeding behavior and testosterone of male european starlings sturnus vulgaris
Hormones and Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Katherine M Carbeck, Kristen J Demoranville, Lisa Trost, Barbara J Pierce, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Ulf Bauchinger, Pietro B Damelio, Wolfgang Goymann, Scott R McwilliamsAbstract:Abstract Environmental cues, such as photoperiod, regulate the timing of major life-history events like breeding through direct neuroendocrine control. Less known is how supplementary environmental cues (e.g., nest sites, food availability) interact to influence key hormones and behaviors involved in reproduction, specifically in migratory species with gonadal recrudescence largely occurring at breeding sites. We investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of male European starlings to the sequential addition of nest boxes and nesting material, green herbs, and female conspecifics and how these responses depend on the availability of certain Antioxidants (anthocyanins) in the diet. As expected, cloacal protuberance volume and plasma testosterone of males generally increased with photoperiod. More notably, testosterone levels peaked in males fed the high antioxidant diet when both nest box and herbal cues were present, while males fed the low antioxidant diet showed no or only a muted testosterone response to the sequential addition of these environmental cues; thus our results are in agreement with the oxidation handicap hypothesis. Males fed the high antioxidant diet maintained a constant frequency of breeding behaviors over time, whereas those fed the low antioxidant diet decreased breeding behaviors as environmental cues were sequentially added. Overall, sequential addition of the environmental cues modulated physiological and behavioral measures of reproductive condition, and Dietary Antioxidants were shown to be a key factor in affecting the degree of response to each of these cues. Our results highlight the importance of supplementary environmental cues and key resources such as Dietary Antioxidants in enhancing breeding condition of males, which conceivably aid in attraction of high quality females and reproductive success.