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Jailson B. De Andrade - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of analytical methods for the structural characterization and purity assessment of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, a potent psychedelic agent isolated from Mimosa tenuiflora inner barks
Microchemical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Sandro Navickiene, Sabrina T. Martinez, Arão Araújo Gomes, Sandro José De Andrade, Angelo C. Pinto, Jorge Mauricio David, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:Abstract N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychoactive indole alkaloid present in beverages consumed in religious ceremonies and in neo-shamanic rituals all around the world. It is a substance banned in most countries, which makes its acquisition difficult. In Brazil, a beverage rich in DMT named ayahuasca is legally consumed in a religious context. On the other hand, DMT is a controlled drug, enforced by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency ( Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitaria ). The present study describes a simple and fast method to obtain N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from inner barks of Mimosa tenuiflora for the purpose of using it as a chromatographic analytical standard. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), single and tandem stage mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H and 13 C NMR) and melting point measurements were performed for the structural characterization of N , N -Dimethyltryptamine. The results obtained were in agreement with previous literature reports. The purity of the compound (> 95%) was determined using ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrometry with a tryptamine analytical standard.
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determination of n n Dimethyltryptamine in mimosa tenuiflora inner barks by matrix solid phase dispersion procedure and gc ms
Journal of Chromatography B, 2012Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Adriano Aquino, Sandro Navickiene, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:Abstract N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent hallucinogen found in beverages consumed in religion rituals and neo-shamanic practices over the world. Two of these religions, Santo Daime and Uniao do Vegetal (UDV), are represented in countries including Australia, the United States and several European nations. In some of this countries there have been legal disputes concerning the legalization of ayahuasca consumption during religious rituals, a beverage rich in DMT. In Brazil, even children and pregnant women are legally authorized to consume ayahuasca in a religious context. A simple and low-cost method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC–MS) has been optimized for the determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner bark. The experimental variables that affect the MSPD method, such as the amounts of solid-phase and herbal sample, solvent nature, eluate volume and NaOH concentration were optimized using an experimental design. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9962) and repeatability (RSD
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Determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner barks by matrix solid-phase dispersion procedure and GC-MS.
Journal of Chromatography B, 2012Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Adriano Aquino, Sandro Navickiene, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent hallucinogen found in beverages consumed in religion rituals and neo-shamanic practices over the world. Two of these religions, Santo Daime and União do Vegetal (UDV), are represented in countries including Australia, the United States and several European nations. In some of this countries there have been legal disputes concerning the legalization of ayahuasca consumption during religious rituals, a beverage rich in DMT. In Brazil, even children and pregnant women are legally authorized to consume ayahuasca in a religious context. A simple and low-cost method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) has been optimized for the determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner bark. The experimental variables that affect the MSPD method, such as the amounts of solid-phase and herbal sample, solvent nature, eluate volume and NaOH concentration were optimized using an experimental design. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9962) and repeatability (RSD < 7.4%) for DMT compound, with detection limit of 0.12 mg/g. The proposed method was used to analyze 24 samples obtained locally. The results showed that concentrations of the target compound in M. tenuiflora barks, ranged from 1.26 to 9.35 mg/g for these samples.
Alain Gaujac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of analytical methods for the structural characterization and purity assessment of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, a potent psychedelic agent isolated from Mimosa tenuiflora inner barks
Microchemical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Sandro Navickiene, Sabrina T. Martinez, Arão Araújo Gomes, Sandro José De Andrade, Angelo C. Pinto, Jorge Mauricio David, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:Abstract N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychoactive indole alkaloid present in beverages consumed in religious ceremonies and in neo-shamanic rituals all around the world. It is a substance banned in most countries, which makes its acquisition difficult. In Brazil, a beverage rich in DMT named ayahuasca is legally consumed in a religious context. On the other hand, DMT is a controlled drug, enforced by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency ( Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitaria ). The present study describes a simple and fast method to obtain N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from inner barks of Mimosa tenuiflora for the purpose of using it as a chromatographic analytical standard. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), single and tandem stage mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H and 13 C NMR) and melting point measurements were performed for the structural characterization of N , N -Dimethyltryptamine. The results obtained were in agreement with previous literature reports. The purity of the compound (> 95%) was determined using ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrometry with a tryptamine analytical standard.
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determination of n n Dimethyltryptamine in mimosa tenuiflora inner barks by matrix solid phase dispersion procedure and gc ms
Journal of Chromatography B, 2012Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Adriano Aquino, Sandro Navickiene, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:Abstract N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent hallucinogen found in beverages consumed in religion rituals and neo-shamanic practices over the world. Two of these religions, Santo Daime and Uniao do Vegetal (UDV), are represented in countries including Australia, the United States and several European nations. In some of this countries there have been legal disputes concerning the legalization of ayahuasca consumption during religious rituals, a beverage rich in DMT. In Brazil, even children and pregnant women are legally authorized to consume ayahuasca in a religious context. A simple and low-cost method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC–MS) has been optimized for the determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner bark. The experimental variables that affect the MSPD method, such as the amounts of solid-phase and herbal sample, solvent nature, eluate volume and NaOH concentration were optimized using an experimental design. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9962) and repeatability (RSD
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Determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner barks by matrix solid-phase dispersion procedure and GC-MS.
Journal of Chromatography B, 2012Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Adriano Aquino, Sandro Navickiene, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent hallucinogen found in beverages consumed in religion rituals and neo-shamanic practices over the world. Two of these religions, Santo Daime and União do Vegetal (UDV), are represented in countries including Australia, the United States and several European nations. In some of this countries there have been legal disputes concerning the legalization of ayahuasca consumption during religious rituals, a beverage rich in DMT. In Brazil, even children and pregnant women are legally authorized to consume ayahuasca in a religious context. A simple and low-cost method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) has been optimized for the determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner bark. The experimental variables that affect the MSPD method, such as the amounts of solid-phase and herbal sample, solvent nature, eluate volume and NaOH concentration were optimized using an experimental design. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9962) and repeatability (RSD < 7.4%) for DMT compound, with detection limit of 0.12 mg/g. The proposed method was used to analyze 24 samples obtained locally. The results showed that concentrations of the target compound in M. tenuiflora barks, ranged from 1.26 to 9.35 mg/g for these samples.
Rick J Strassman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis and extracellular concentrations of n n Dimethyltryptamine dmt in mammalian brain
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Jon G Dean, Rick J Strassman, Steven A. Barker, Tiecheng Liu, Sean Huff, Ben Sheler, Michael M Wang, Jimo BorjiginAbstract:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a psychedelic compound identified endogenously in mammals, is biosynthesized by aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and indolethylamine-N-methyltransferase (INMT). Whether DMT is biosynthesized in the mammalian brain is unknown. We investigated brain expression of INMT transcript in rats and humans, co-expression of INMT and AADC mRNA in rat brain and periphery, and brain concentrations of DMT in rats. INMT transcripts were identified in the cerebral cortex, pineal gland, and choroid plexus of both rats and humans via in situ hybridization. Notably, INMT mRNA was colocalized with AADC transcript in rat brain tissues, in contrast to rat peripheral tissues where there existed little overlapping expression of INMT with AADC transcripts. Additionally, extracellular concentrations of DMT in the cerebral cortex of normal behaving rats, with or without the pineal gland, were similar to those of canonical monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin. A significant increase of DMT levels in the rat visual cortex was observed following induction of experimental cardiac arrest, a finding independent of an intact pineal gland. These results show for the first time that the rat brain is capable of synthesizing and releasing DMT at concentrations comparable to known monoamine neurotransmitters and raise the possibility that this phenomenon may occur similarly in human brains.
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lc ms ms analysis of the endogenous Dimethyltryptamine hallucinogens their precursors and major metabolites in rat pineal gland microdialysate
Biomedical Chromatography, 2013Co-Authors: Steven A. Barker, Jimo Borjigin, Izabela Lomnicka, Rick J StrassmanAbstract:We report a qualitative liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the simultaneous analysis of the three known N,N-Dimethyltryptamine endogenous hallucinogens, their precursors and metabolites, as well as melatonin and its metabolic precursors. The method was characterized using artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) as the matrix and was subsequently applied to the analysis of rat brain pineal gland-aCSF microdialysate. The method describes the simultaneous analysis of 23 chemically diverse compounds plus a deuterated internal standard by direct injection, requiring no dilution or extraction of the samples. The results demonstrate that this is a simple, sensitive, specific and direct approach to the qualitative analysis of these compounds in this matrix. The protocol also employs stringent MS confirmatory criteria for the detection and confirmation of the compounds examined, including exact mass measurements. The excellent limits of detection and broad scope make it a valuable research tool for examining the endogenous hallucinogen pathways in the central nervous system. We report here, for the first time, the presence of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in pineal gland microdialysate obtained from the rat. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Human psychopharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine
Behavioural Brain Research, 1995Co-Authors: Rick J StrassmanAbstract:We generated dose-response data for the endogenous and ultra-short-acting hallucinogen, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), in a cohort of experienced hallucinogen users, measuring multiple biological and psychological outcome measures. Subjective responses were quantified with a new rating scale, the HRS, which provided better resolution of dose effects than did the biological variables. A tolerance study then was performed, in which volunteers received four closely spaced hallucinogenic doses of DMT. Subjective responses demonstrated no tolerance, while biological measures were inconsistently reduced over the course of the sessions. Thus, DMT remains unique among classic hallucinogens in its inability to induce tolerance to its psychological effects. To assess the role of the 5-HTAsite in mediating DMT's effects, a pindolol pre-treatment study was performed. Pindolol significantly increased psychological responses to DMT, suggesting a buffering effect of 5-HT1Aagonism on 5-HT2-mediated psychedelic effects. These data are opposite to those described in lower animal models of hallucinogens' mechanisms of action. © 1996.
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Dose-Response Study of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Humans: I. Neuroendocrine, Autonomic, and Cardiovascular Effects
Archives of General Psychiatry, 1994Co-Authors: Rick J Strassman, Clifford QuallsAbstract:Background: To begin applying basic neuropharmacological hypotheses of hallucinogenic drug actions to humans, we generated dose-response data for intravenously administered Dimethyltryptamine fumarate's (DMT) neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, autonomic, and subjective effects in a group of experienced hallucinogen users. Methods: Dimethyltryptamine, an endogenous mammalian hallucinogen and drug of abuse, was administered intravenously at 0.05,0.1,0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg to 11 experienced hallucinogen users, in a double-blind, saline placebo—controlled, randomized design. Treatments were separated by at least 1 week. Results: Peak DMT blood levels and subjective effects were seen within 2 minutes after drug administration, and were negligible at 30 minutes. Dimethyltryptamine dose dependently elevated blood pressure, heart rate, pupil diameter, and rectal temperature, in addition to elevating blood concentrations of β-endorphin, corticotropin, cortisol, and prolactin. Growth hormone blood levels rose equally in response to all doses of DMT, and melatonin levels were unaffected. Threshold doses for significant effects relative to placebo were also hallucinogenic (0.2 mg/kg and higher). Subjects with five or more exposures to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine demonstrated less robust pupil diameter effects than those with two or fewer exposures. Conclusions: Dimethyltryptamine can be administered safely to experienced hallucinogen users and dose-response data generated for several measures hypothesized under serotonergic modulatory control. Additional studies characterizing the specific mechanisms mediating DMT's biological effects may prove useful in psychopharmacological investigations of drug-induced and endogenous alterations in brain function.
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dose response study of n n Dimethyltryptamine in humans ii subjective effects and preliminary results of a new rating scale
Archives of General Psychiatry, 1994Co-Authors: Rick J Strassman, Clifford Qualls, E H Uhlenhuth, Robert KellnerAbstract:Background: Validation of animal models of hallucinogenic drugs' subjective effects requires human data. Previous human studies used varied groups of subjects and assessment methods. Rating scales for hallucinogen effects emphasized psychodynamic principles or the drugs' dysphoric properties. We describe the subjective effects of graded doses of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), an endogenous hallucinogen and drug of abuse, in a group of experienced hallucinogen users. We also present preliminary data from a new rating scale for these effects. Methods: Twelve highly motivated volunteers received two doses (0.04 and 0.4 mg/kg) of intravenous (IV) Dimethyltryptamine fumarate "nonblind," before entering a doubleblind, saline placebo-controlled, randomized study using four doses of IV DMT. Subjects were carefully interviewed after resolution of drug effects, providing thorough and systematic descriptions of DMT's effects. They also were administered a new instrument, the Hallucinogen Rating Scale (HRS). The HRS was drafted from interviews obtained from an independent sample of 19 experienced DMT users, and modified during early stages of the study. Results: Psychological effects of IV DMT began almost immediately after administration, peaked at 90 to 120 seconds, and were almost completely resolved by 30 minutes. This time course paralleled DMT blood levels previously described. Hallucinogenic effects were seen after 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg of Dimethyltryptamine fumarate, and included a rapidly moving, brightly colored visual display of images. Auditory effects were less common. "Loss of control," associated with a brief, but overwhelming "rush," led to a dissociated state, where euphoria alternated or coexisted with anxiety. These effects completly replaced subjects' previously ongoing mental experience and were more vivid and compelling than dreams or waking awareness. Lower doses, 0.1 and 0.05 mg/kg, were primarily affective and somaesthetic, while 0.1 mg/kg elicited the least desirable effects. Clustering of HRS items, using either a clinical, mental status method or principal components factor analysis provided better resolution of dose effects than did the biological variables described previously. Conclusions: These clinical and preliminary quantitative data provide bases for further psychopharmacologic characterization of DMT's properties in humans. They also may be used to compare the effects of other agents affecting relevant brain receptors in volunteer and psychiatric populations.
Steven A. Barker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis and extracellular concentrations of n n Dimethyltryptamine dmt in mammalian brain
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Jon G Dean, Rick J Strassman, Steven A. Barker, Tiecheng Liu, Sean Huff, Ben Sheler, Michael M Wang, Jimo BorjiginAbstract:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a psychedelic compound identified endogenously in mammals, is biosynthesized by aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and indolethylamine-N-methyltransferase (INMT). Whether DMT is biosynthesized in the mammalian brain is unknown. We investigated brain expression of INMT transcript in rats and humans, co-expression of INMT and AADC mRNA in rat brain and periphery, and brain concentrations of DMT in rats. INMT transcripts were identified in the cerebral cortex, pineal gland, and choroid plexus of both rats and humans via in situ hybridization. Notably, INMT mRNA was colocalized with AADC transcript in rat brain tissues, in contrast to rat peripheral tissues where there existed little overlapping expression of INMT with AADC transcripts. Additionally, extracellular concentrations of DMT in the cerebral cortex of normal behaving rats, with or without the pineal gland, were similar to those of canonical monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin. A significant increase of DMT levels in the rat visual cortex was observed following induction of experimental cardiac arrest, a finding independent of an intact pineal gland. These results show for the first time that the rat brain is capable of synthesizing and releasing DMT at concentrations comparable to known monoamine neurotransmitters and raise the possibility that this phenomenon may occur similarly in human brains.
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ayahuasca enhances creative divergent thinking while decreasing conventional convergent thinking
Psychopharmacology, 2016Co-Authors: Kim P C Kuypers, Steven A. Barker, Jordi Riba, M De La Fuente Revenga, Eef L Theunissen, Johannes G RamaekersAbstract:Introduction Ayahuasca is a South American psychotropic plant tea traditionally used in Amazonian shamanism. The tea contains the psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonist N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), plus β-carboline alkaloids with monoamine oxidase-inhibiting properties. Increasing evidence from anecdotal reports and open-label studies indicates that ayahuasca may have therapeutic effects in treatment of substance use disorders and depression. A recent study on the psychological effects of ayahuasca found that the tea reduces judgmental processing and inner reactivity, classic goals of mindfulness psychotherapy. Another psychological facet that could potentially be targeted by ayahuasca is creative divergent thinking. This mode of thinking can enhance and strengthen psychological flexibility by allowing individuals to generate new and effective cognitive, emotional, and behavioral strategies. The present study aimed to assess the potential effects of ayahuasca on creative thinking.
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On the transmethylation hypothesis: stress, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, and positive symptoms of psychosis
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2015Co-Authors: Dionysios Grammenos, Steven A. BarkerAbstract:Past research suggests a relationship between stress and positive symptoms of psychosis. However, the biological substrate of this relationship remains unknown. According to the transmethylation hypothesis, schizophrenia could result from a biochemical disruption in the stress mechanism. This biochemical disruption would lead to the production of a substance that would account for the symptoms of psychosis. Moreover, some studies have tested endogenous N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in the context of the transmethylation hypothesis. Stress has been found to elevate DMT levels in rodents. Also, elevated DMT levels have been associated with positive features of psychosis in psychiatric patients. Additionally, healthy participants treated with exogenous DMT experience predominantly positive symptoms of psychosis. The present paper examines endogenous DMT as a possible biological mediator of the relationship between stress and positive symptoms of psychosis.
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lc ms ms analysis of the endogenous Dimethyltryptamine hallucinogens their precursors and major metabolites in rat pineal gland microdialysate
Biomedical Chromatography, 2013Co-Authors: Steven A. Barker, Jimo Borjigin, Izabela Lomnicka, Rick J StrassmanAbstract:We report a qualitative liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the simultaneous analysis of the three known N,N-Dimethyltryptamine endogenous hallucinogens, their precursors and metabolites, as well as melatonin and its metabolic precursors. The method was characterized using artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) as the matrix and was subsequently applied to the analysis of rat brain pineal gland-aCSF microdialysate. The method describes the simultaneous analysis of 23 chemically diverse compounds plus a deuterated internal standard by direct injection, requiring no dilution or extraction of the samples. The results demonstrate that this is a simple, sensitive, specific and direct approach to the qualitative analysis of these compounds in this matrix. The protocol also employs stringent MS confirmatory criteria for the detection and confirmation of the compounds examined, including exact mass measurements. The excellent limits of detection and broad scope make it a valuable research tool for examining the endogenous hallucinogen pathways in the central nervous system. We report here, for the first time, the presence of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in pineal gland microdialysate obtained from the rat. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Distribution of the hallucinogens N,N-Dimethyltryptamine and 5-methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in rat brain following intraperitoneal injection: application of a new solid-phase extraction LC-APcI-MS-MS-isotope dilution method.
Journal of chromatography. B Biomedical sciences and applications, 2001Co-Authors: Steven A. Barker, M.a. Littlefield-chabaud, Connie DavidAbstract:A method for the solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatographic-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometric-mass spectrometric-isotope dilution (LC-APcI-MS-MS-ID) analysis of the indole hallucinogens N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy DMT (or O-methyl bufotenin, OMB) from rat brain tissue is reported. Rats were administered DMT or OMB by the intraperitoneal route at a dose of 5 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 min post treatment. Brains were dissected into discrete areas and analyzed by the methods described as a demonstration of the procedure's applicability. The synthesis and use of two new deuterated internal standards for these purposes are also reported.
Sandro Navickiene - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of analytical methods for the structural characterization and purity assessment of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, a potent psychedelic agent isolated from Mimosa tenuiflora inner barks
Microchemical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Sandro Navickiene, Sabrina T. Martinez, Arão Araújo Gomes, Sandro José De Andrade, Angelo C. Pinto, Jorge Mauricio David, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:Abstract N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychoactive indole alkaloid present in beverages consumed in religious ceremonies and in neo-shamanic rituals all around the world. It is a substance banned in most countries, which makes its acquisition difficult. In Brazil, a beverage rich in DMT named ayahuasca is legally consumed in a religious context. On the other hand, DMT is a controlled drug, enforced by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency ( Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitaria ). The present study describes a simple and fast method to obtain N , N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from inner barks of Mimosa tenuiflora for the purpose of using it as a chromatographic analytical standard. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), single and tandem stage mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H and 13 C NMR) and melting point measurements were performed for the structural characterization of N , N -Dimethyltryptamine. The results obtained were in agreement with previous literature reports. The purity of the compound (> 95%) was determined using ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrometry with a tryptamine analytical standard.
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determination of n n Dimethyltryptamine in mimosa tenuiflora inner barks by matrix solid phase dispersion procedure and gc ms
Journal of Chromatography B, 2012Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Adriano Aquino, Sandro Navickiene, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:Abstract N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent hallucinogen found in beverages consumed in religion rituals and neo-shamanic practices over the world. Two of these religions, Santo Daime and Uniao do Vegetal (UDV), are represented in countries including Australia, the United States and several European nations. In some of this countries there have been legal disputes concerning the legalization of ayahuasca consumption during religious rituals, a beverage rich in DMT. In Brazil, even children and pregnant women are legally authorized to consume ayahuasca in a religious context. A simple and low-cost method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC–MS) has been optimized for the determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner bark. The experimental variables that affect the MSPD method, such as the amounts of solid-phase and herbal sample, solvent nature, eluate volume and NaOH concentration were optimized using an experimental design. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9962) and repeatability (RSD
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Determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner barks by matrix solid-phase dispersion procedure and GC-MS.
Journal of Chromatography B, 2012Co-Authors: Alain Gaujac, Adriano Aquino, Sandro Navickiene, Jailson B. De AndradeAbstract:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent hallucinogen found in beverages consumed in religion rituals and neo-shamanic practices over the world. Two of these religions, Santo Daime and União do Vegetal (UDV), are represented in countries including Australia, the United States and several European nations. In some of this countries there have been legal disputes concerning the legalization of ayahuasca consumption during religious rituals, a beverage rich in DMT. In Brazil, even children and pregnant women are legally authorized to consume ayahuasca in a religious context. A simple and low-cost method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) has been optimized for the determination of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Mimosa tenuiflora inner bark. The experimental variables that affect the MSPD method, such as the amounts of solid-phase and herbal sample, solvent nature, eluate volume and NaOH concentration were optimized using an experimental design. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9962) and repeatability (RSD < 7.4%) for DMT compound, with detection limit of 0.12 mg/g. The proposed method was used to analyze 24 samples obtained locally. The results showed that concentrations of the target compound in M. tenuiflora barks, ranged from 1.26 to 9.35 mg/g for these samples.