The Experts below are selected from a list of 408 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Erik T Mueller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner
    Commonsense Reasoning, 2015
    Co-Authors: Erik T Mueller
    Abstract:

    We describe the Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner, which uses satisfiability (SAT) to solve Event Calculus problems. The program can be used to perform automated deduction, abduction, postdiction, and model finding. We discuss the architecture of the program and the encoding of SAT problems. We present some simple examples of how the program is used and then present a more complicated example. We discuss the language used to describe commonsense reasoning problems to the program.

  • Commonsense Reasoning - Chapter 5 – The Commonsense Law of Inertia
    Commonsense Reasoning, 2015
    Co-Authors: Erik T Mueller
    Abstract:

    A quality of the commonsense world is that objects tend to stay in the same state unless they are affected by Events. A book sitting on a table remains on the table unless it is picked up, a light stays on until it is turned off, and a falling object continues to fall until it hits something. This is known as the commonsense law of inertia. We discuss the representation of the commonsense law of inertia in the Event Calculus. We retrace the development of the Discrete Event Calculus axioms, and we discuss the enforcement of the commonsense law of inertia and the release of fluents from inertia.

  • Discrete Event Calculus Deduction using First-Order Automated Theorem Proving
    2008
    Co-Authors: Erik T Mueller, Geoff Sutcliffe
    Abstract:

    Abstract. The Event Calculus is a powerful and highly usable formalism for reasoning about action and change. The Discrete Event Calculus limits time to integers. This paper shows how Discrete Event Calculus problems can be encoded in first-order logic, and solved using a first-order logic automated theorem proving system. The following techniques are discussed: reification is used to convert Event and fluent atoms into first-order terms, uniqueness-of-names axioms are generated to ensure uniqueness of Event and fluent terms, predicate completion is used to convert second-order circumscriptions into first-order formulae, and a limited first-order axiomatization of integer arithmetic is developed. The performance of first-order automated theorem proving is compared to that of satisfiability solving.

  • Discrete Event Calculus reasoner documentation
    2008
    Co-Authors: Erik T Mueller
    Abstract:

    c © 2005, 2007, 2008 IBM Corporation and others. All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the terms of the Common Public License v1.0 which accompanies this distribution, and is available at http://www.eclipse.org/legal/cpl-v10.html Contributors: IBM Initial documentation IBM Documentation updated 2007-01-10 IBM Documentation updated 2008-03-02

  • IBM- Initial documentation
    2008
    Co-Authors: Erik T Mueller
    Abstract:

    The Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner is a program for performing automated commonsense reasoning using the Discrete Event Calculus [Mueller, 2006], a version of the classical logic Event Calculus [Shanahan, 1997, Miller and Shanahan, 2002]. The program supports such types of reasoning as deduction, temporal projection, abduction, planning, postdiction, and model finding

Wolf-ekkehard Matzke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An Ontology of Environments, Events, and Happenings for Agent-Based Modeling of Engineering Design Systems and Processes
    2010
    Co-Authors: Vadim Ermolayev, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-ekkehard Matzke
    Abstract:

    The paper presents our intermediate results in ontologizing a refined formal representation of environments, Events, and happenings elaborated in PSI 1 project. Our formal approach is based on the first order logic and is inspired by Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). In difference to DEC based on Discrete linear time representation, it uses fuzzy time intervals [7]. Our framework also refines classic Event Calculi approaches by introducing explicit formal representations for environments and happenings as well as drawing a clear distinction between Events and atomic actions. A reduced version of PSI Environment, Event, and Happening ontology based on crisp representation of time intervals has been implemented as an OWL-DL ontology and is used in PSI Design Process Simulation software. Fuzzy time interval based ontology is also implemented in OWL-DL and will be used in the future software versions. 1

  • COMPSAC - An Ontology of Environments, Events, and Happenings
    2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008
    Co-Authors: Vadim Ermolayev, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-ekkehard Matzke
    Abstract:

    The paper presents our intermediate results in ontologizing a refined formal representation of environments, Events, and happenings elaborated in PSI project. This ontology is used for agent-based modeling of engineering design systems and processes. Our formal approach is inspired by Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). In difference to DEC based on Discrete linear time representation, it uses fuzzy time intervals. Our framework also refines classic Event calculi approaches by introducing explicit formal representations for environments and happenings as well as drawing a clear distinction between Events and atomic actions. A reduced version of PSI environment, Event, and happening ontology based on crisp representation of time intervals has been implemented as an OWL-DL ontology and is used in PSI design process simulation software. Fuzzy time interval based ontology is also implemented in OWL-DL and will be used in the future software versions.

Vadim Ermolayev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An Ontology of Environments, Events, and Happenings for Agent-Based Modeling of Engineering Design Systems and Processes
    2010
    Co-Authors: Vadim Ermolayev, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-ekkehard Matzke
    Abstract:

    The paper presents our intermediate results in ontologizing a refined formal representation of environments, Events, and happenings elaborated in PSI 1 project. Our formal approach is based on the first order logic and is inspired by Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). In difference to DEC based on Discrete linear time representation, it uses fuzzy time intervals [7]. Our framework also refines classic Event Calculi approaches by introducing explicit formal representations for environments and happenings as well as drawing a clear distinction between Events and atomic actions. A reduced version of PSI Environment, Event, and Happening ontology based on crisp representation of time intervals has been implemented as an OWL-DL ontology and is used in PSI Design Process Simulation software. Fuzzy time interval based ontology is also implemented in OWL-DL and will be used in the future software versions. 1

  • COMPSAC - An Ontology of Environments, Events, and Happenings
    2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008
    Co-Authors: Vadim Ermolayev, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-ekkehard Matzke
    Abstract:

    The paper presents our intermediate results in ontologizing a refined formal representation of environments, Events, and happenings elaborated in PSI project. This ontology is used for agent-based modeling of engineering design systems and processes. Our formal approach is inspired by Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). In difference to DEC based on Discrete linear time representation, it uses fuzzy time intervals. Our framework also refines classic Event calculi approaches by introducing explicit formal representations for environments and happenings as well as drawing a clear distinction between Events and atomic actions. A reduced version of PSI environment, Event, and happening ontology based on crisp representation of time intervals has been implemented as an OWL-DL ontology and is used in PSI design process simulation software. Fuzzy time interval based ontology is also implemented in OWL-DL and will be used in the future software versions.

Mepham Will - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Discrete Event Calculus using Semantic Web technologies
    University of Glamorgan, 2012
    Co-Authors: Mepham Will
    Abstract:

    This thesis provides a detailed description of the research undertaken into the creation of a framework that uses Semantic Web languages to implement a recently developed commonsense reasoning formalism called Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). It aims to show to what extent DEC reasoning can be applied to Semantic Web data, using the Semantic Web standards and supporting development environments available for the purpose in 2008, when the research programme commenced.The research aims to provide an accurate and reusable DEC ontology using the languages defined in Semantic Web Standards. To this end, an ontology describing the DEC entities and axioms is defined in OWL and SWRL; this represents the core elements of the DEC formalism, namely its set of logical types and predicates and the relations between them. The ontology is used together with a proof-of-concept DEC resolver software that applies the ontology to an existing rules engine, so that new inferences can be created from a DEC domain. The design and implementation of the combined ontology and software framework are described in detail. The methodological issues involved in reconciling a software model with an ontology model are also discussed and the capabilities of the framework are validated by a series of tests modelled on established AI benchmark scenarios that can be resolved correctly using DEC. The results confirm that the framework will create the appropriate inferences with reference to the benchmark problems, though they also highlight some of current limitations in the framework, notably to do with how it represents changing fluent values.A detailed sample domain ontology is provided, which is based on the domain of turn-based multiplayer online games; this illustrates how the DEC ontology defined in this research could be extended for use with other domains. A further extension of the DEC ontology is proposed, which enables the resolver to represent real-world time values independently of the timepoints defined as part of the formalism.Finally, the strengths and extant boundaries of the chosen approach are discussed and suggestions are provided for improvements that could form the basis of future work

  • Discrete Event Calculus using Semantic Web technologies
    2010
    Co-Authors: Mepham Will
    Abstract:

    This thesis provides a detailed description of the research undertaken into the creation of a framework that uses Semantic Web languages to implement a recently developed commonsense reasoning formalism called Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). It aims to show to what extent DEC reasoning can be applied to Semantic Web data, using the Semantic Web standards and supporting development environments available for the purpose in 2008, when the research programme commenced.The research aims to provide an accurate and reusable DEC ontology using the languages defined in Semantic Web Standards. To this end, an ontology describing the DEC entities and axioms is defined in OWL and SWRL; this represents the core elements of the DEC formalism, namely its set of logical types and predicates and the relations between them. The ontology is used together with a proof-of-concept DEC resolver software that applies the ontology to an existing rules engine, so that new inferences can be created from a DEC domain. The design and implementation of the combined ontology and software framework are described in detail. The methodological issues involved in reconciling a software model with an ontology model are also discussed and the capabilities of the framework are validated by a series of tests modelled on established AI benchmark scenarios that can be resolved correctly using DEC. The results confirm that the framework will create the appropriate inferences with reference to the benchmark problems, though they also highlight some of current limitations in the framework, notably to do with how it represents changing fluent values.A detailed sample domain ontology is provided, which is based on the domain of turn-based multiplayer online games; this illustrates how the DEC ontology defined in this research could be extended for use with other domains. A further extension of the DEC ontology is proposed, which enables the resolver to represent real-world time values independently of the timepoints defined as part of the formalism.Finally, the strengths and extant boundaries of the chosen approach are discussed and suggestions are provided for improvements that could form the basis of future work.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Natalya Keberle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An Ontology of Environments, Events, and Happenings for Agent-Based Modeling of Engineering Design Systems and Processes
    2010
    Co-Authors: Vadim Ermolayev, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-ekkehard Matzke
    Abstract:

    The paper presents our intermediate results in ontologizing a refined formal representation of environments, Events, and happenings elaborated in PSI 1 project. Our formal approach is based on the first order logic and is inspired by Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). In difference to DEC based on Discrete linear time representation, it uses fuzzy time intervals [7]. Our framework also refines classic Event Calculi approaches by introducing explicit formal representations for environments and happenings as well as drawing a clear distinction between Events and atomic actions. A reduced version of PSI Environment, Event, and Happening ontology based on crisp representation of time intervals has been implemented as an OWL-DL ontology and is used in PSI Design Process Simulation software. Fuzzy time interval based ontology is also implemented in OWL-DL and will be used in the future software versions. 1

  • COMPSAC - An Ontology of Environments, Events, and Happenings
    2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008
    Co-Authors: Vadim Ermolayev, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-ekkehard Matzke
    Abstract:

    The paper presents our intermediate results in ontologizing a refined formal representation of environments, Events, and happenings elaborated in PSI project. This ontology is used for agent-based modeling of engineering design systems and processes. Our formal approach is inspired by Discrete Event Calculus (DEC). In difference to DEC based on Discrete linear time representation, it uses fuzzy time intervals. Our framework also refines classic Event calculi approaches by introducing explicit formal representations for environments and happenings as well as drawing a clear distinction between Events and atomic actions. A reduced version of PSI environment, Event, and happening ontology based on crisp representation of time intervals has been implemented as an OWL-DL ontology and is used in PSI design process simulation software. Fuzzy time interval based ontology is also implemented in OWL-DL and will be used in the future software versions.