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Sue J. Dyson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An investigation of the relationships between angles and shapes of the hoof capsule and the Distal Phalanx.
    Equine veterinary journal, 2010
    Co-Authors: Sue J. Dyson, C.a. Tranquille, S. N. Collins, Tim D.h. Parkin, Rachel C. Murray
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: There is little scientific evidence to support the premise that poor foot conformation predisposes to foot pain and lameness. Objectives: To determine relationships between external characteristics of the hoof capsule and angles of the Distal Phalanx; to determine variability in shape of the Distal Phalanx; and to investigate association between Distal Phalanx angles and the injury causing lameness. Materials and methods: Feet were documented photographically and radiographically. Linear and angle measurements were obtained for the hoof capsule and Distal Phalanx and compared statistically. Horses were categorised according to injury group, and angles and linear ratios were compared between groups. Results: There was modest correlation between hoof wall and heel angles and angles of the Distal Phalanx. There was variation in shape of the Distal Phalanx. There was no significant association between injury type and angles of the Distal Phalanx, although there was a trend for the angle of the dorsal aspect of the Distal Phalanx with the horizontal to be smaller in horses with injuries of the podotrochlear apparatus or deep digital flexor tendon compared with other groups. Conclusions: There are variations in shape of the Distal Phalanx largely due to differences in orientation of the concave solar border and the solar border to the horizontal. Variations in shape of the Distal Phalanx were not accurately correlated with external characteristics of the hoof capsule. There were weak associations between injury groups and angles of the Distal Phalanx. Clinical relevance: Further work is required to elucidate risk factors for foot-related lameness.

  • Palmar or plantar process fractures of the Distal Phalanx in riding horses: 22 cases (1994–2003)
    Equine Veterinary Education, 2008
    Co-Authors: K. E. Robson, M. Kristoffersen, Sue J. Dyson
    Abstract:

    Summary No case series exists in the literature describing palmar/plantar process fractures (PPFs) of the Distal Phalanx in a nonracehorse population. We aim to describe the distribution of these injuries, together with their clinical, radiographic and scintigraphic features. In a retrospective case study, horses were selected based on radiographic evidence of a PPF. Data were collected relating to clinical and lameness examination, radiography, scintigraphy, management and follow-up information. Oblique and flexed oblique radiographic views of the Distal Phalanx are the most sensitive in detecting PPFs of the Distal Phalanx and this study concluded that fractures of palmar or plantar process are likely to be missed in horses showing mild lameness if oblique radiographic views of the palmar process are not included.

  • palmar or plantar process fractures of the Distal Phalanx in riding horses 22 cases 1994 2003
    Equine Veterinary Education, 2008
    Co-Authors: K. E. Robson, M. Kristoffersen, Sue J. Dyson
    Abstract:

    Summary No case series exists in the literature describing palmar/plantar process fractures (PPFs) of the Distal Phalanx in a nonracehorse population. We aim to describe the distribution of these injuries, together with their clinical, radiographic and scintigraphic features. In a retrospective case study, horses were selected based on radiographic evidence of a PPF. Data were collected relating to clinical and lameness examination, radiography, scintigraphy, management and follow-up information. Oblique and flexed oblique radiographic views of the Distal Phalanx are the most sensitive in detecting PPFs of the Distal Phalanx and this study concluded that fractures of palmar or plantar process are likely to be missed in horses showing mild lameness if oblique radiographic views of the palmar process are not included.

  • radiographic scintigraphic and magnetic resonance imaging findings in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx
    Equine Veterinary Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: A Nagy, Sue J. Dyson, R M Murray
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake (IRU) in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx is recognised but its clinical significance has not been established. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between radiographic, scintigraphic and MRI findings in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx. Hypotheses: Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx is associated with MRI abnormalities; IRU and MRI abnormalities are over-represented in lame limbs. Methods: Clinical data, radiographic, scintigraphic and MRI findings of 258 horses with unilateral or bilateral foot pain were recorded. Scintigraphic images were assessed subjectively and using region of interest and profile analysis, and intensity of IRU graded. Alteration in signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) MR images was documented, and MRI abnormalities graded. Relationships between scintigraphic, MRI, radiographic and clinical findings were assessed. Results: Focal IRU was over-represented in palmar processes with most MRI abnormalities. There was a significant correlation between IRU and MRI grades and IRU was over-represented in palmar processes with MRI Grades 2 and 3. Both IRU and MRI abnormalities occurred most frequently in the medial palmar process. MRI abnormalities were generally over-represented in lame limbs. The most common MRI abnormality was mild diffuse decreased signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted images, which was associated with mild generalised IRU. Conclusions: There was considerable variation in the radiographic, scintigraphic and MRI appearance of palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx. Focal IRU in a palmar process was seen in association with MRI abnormalities and lameness or as an incidental finding. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities occurred more frequently in lame limbs, either contributing to lameness or as a consequence of lameness. Potential relevance: Further investigation is needed to establish the clinical significance of MRI abnormalities in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx and their relationship with lesions in adjacent structures.

S. N. Collins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The suspensory apparatus of the Distal Phalanx in normal horses
    Equine veterinary journal, 2015
    Co-Authors: Christopher C. Pollitt, S. N. Collins
    Abstract:

    REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: The suspensory apparatus of the Distal Phalanx (SADP) is functionally and clinically important.

  • An investigation of the relationships between angles and shapes of the hoof capsule and the Distal Phalanx.
    Equine veterinary journal, 2010
    Co-Authors: Sue J. Dyson, C.a. Tranquille, S. N. Collins, Tim D.h. Parkin, Rachel C. Murray
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: There is little scientific evidence to support the premise that poor foot conformation predisposes to foot pain and lameness. Objectives: To determine relationships between external characteristics of the hoof capsule and angles of the Distal Phalanx; to determine variability in shape of the Distal Phalanx; and to investigate association between Distal Phalanx angles and the injury causing lameness. Materials and methods: Feet were documented photographically and radiographically. Linear and angle measurements were obtained for the hoof capsule and Distal Phalanx and compared statistically. Horses were categorised according to injury group, and angles and linear ratios were compared between groups. Results: There was modest correlation between hoof wall and heel angles and angles of the Distal Phalanx. There was variation in shape of the Distal Phalanx. There was no significant association between injury type and angles of the Distal Phalanx, although there was a trend for the angle of the dorsal aspect of the Distal Phalanx with the horizontal to be smaller in horses with injuries of the podotrochlear apparatus or deep digital flexor tendon compared with other groups. Conclusions: There are variations in shape of the Distal Phalanx largely due to differences in orientation of the concave solar border and the solar border to the horizontal. Variations in shape of the Distal Phalanx were not accurately correlated with external characteristics of the hoof capsule. There were weak associations between injury groups and angles of the Distal Phalanx. Clinical relevance: Further work is required to elucidate risk factors for foot-related lameness.

R M Murray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • radiographic scintigraphic and magnetic resonance imaging findings in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx
    Equine Veterinary Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: A Nagy, Sue J. Dyson, R M Murray
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake (IRU) in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx is recognised but its clinical significance has not been established. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between radiographic, scintigraphic and MRI findings in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx. Hypotheses: Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx is associated with MRI abnormalities; IRU and MRI abnormalities are over-represented in lame limbs. Methods: Clinical data, radiographic, scintigraphic and MRI findings of 258 horses with unilateral or bilateral foot pain were recorded. Scintigraphic images were assessed subjectively and using region of interest and profile analysis, and intensity of IRU graded. Alteration in signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) MR images was documented, and MRI abnormalities graded. Relationships between scintigraphic, MRI, radiographic and clinical findings were assessed. Results: Focal IRU was over-represented in palmar processes with most MRI abnormalities. There was a significant correlation between IRU and MRI grades and IRU was over-represented in palmar processes with MRI Grades 2 and 3. Both IRU and MRI abnormalities occurred most frequently in the medial palmar process. MRI abnormalities were generally over-represented in lame limbs. The most common MRI abnormality was mild diffuse decreased signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted images, which was associated with mild generalised IRU. Conclusions: There was considerable variation in the radiographic, scintigraphic and MRI appearance of palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx. Focal IRU in a palmar process was seen in association with MRI abnormalities and lameness or as an incidental finding. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities occurred more frequently in lame limbs, either contributing to lameness or as a consequence of lameness. Potential relevance: Further investigation is needed to establish the clinical significance of MRI abnormalities in the palmar processes of the Distal Phalanx and their relationship with lesions in adjacent structures.

Christopher C. Pollitt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The suspensory apparatus of the Distal Phalanx in normal horses
    Equine veterinary journal, 2015
    Co-Authors: Christopher C. Pollitt, S. N. Collins
    Abstract:

    REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: The suspensory apparatus of the Distal Phalanx (SADP) is functionally and clinically important.

  • The anatomy and physiology of the suspensory apparatus of the Distal Phalanx.
    The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice, 2010
    Co-Authors: Christopher C. Pollitt
    Abstract:

    The equine hoof capsule protects the softer, more sensitive, structures within. Failure of the connection between hoof and bone (suspensory apparatus of the Distal Phalanx or SADP) results in the crippling lameness of laminitis. Active basal cell proliferation occurs principally in tubular hoof and proximal and Distal lamellae. The remaining lamellae are virtually non-proliferative and the hoof wall moves past the stationary Distal Phalanx, by controlled activation and inhibition of constituent proteases. The lamellar corium derives most of its blood supply from the branches of the terminal arch which perforate the Distal Phalanx. Valveless veins within the foot can be exploited clinically for retrograde venous therapy or contrast radiography (venography). The basement membrane (BM) forms the interface between the lamellar epidermis and the adjacent dermis and the plasma membrane of each lamellar basal cell is attached to the BM by numerous electron dense adhesion plaques or hemidesmosomes the ultimate attachment unit of the SADP. Laminitis destroys and dislocates the BM and its components and without an intact, functional BM, the structure and function of the lamellar epidermis is pathologically compromised. Transcription and activation of constituent proteases occurs in normal hoof lamellae but in increased amounts during laminitis.

Brian I. Labow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.