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N Sudarsan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Certified emission reduction opportunities in the rural Domestic Energy sector: An economic analysis
    Energy Sources Part B: Economics Planning and Policy, 2016
    Co-Authors: K. J. Sreekanth, S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTSince the Kyoto Protocol agreement, clean development mechanism (CDM) for techno-economic viable project implementations has garnered large emphasis in terms of certified emission reduction, particularly among developing nations. This paper attempts to assess the economic impact of CDM implementation toward sustainable development and the CO2 emission particularly in rural Domestic Energy sector. A detailed survey was undertaken in the state of Kerala, located in southern part of India, to map the rural Domestic Energy Consumption pattern. Multiple-regression analysis of the data collected reveals the interrelationships of the various parameters that influence Domestic Energy Consumption. The interrelationships between the different parameters were modeled as a linear programming model that optimizes the contribution of individual Energy resources on end applications. The results were used to estimate the feasible extent of CO2 emission reduction through use of various Energy resources, vis-a-vis ...

  • Certified Emission Reduction (CER) Opportunities in Rural Domestic Energy Sector
    2013
    Co-Authors: K. J. Sreekanth, S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    Since the Kyoto protocol agreement, clean development mechanism (CDM) has garnered large emphasis in terms of CER not only amidst the global carbon market but also in India. This paper attempts to assess the impact of CDM implementation towards sustainable development and the CO2 emission particularly in rural Domestic Energy sector based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) guidelines. A detailed survey was undertaken in the state of Kerala, in southern part of India to map the rural Domestic Energy Consumption pattern. The data collected was analyzed that throws insight into the interrelationships of the various parameters that influence Domestic Energy Consumption. The interrelationships between the different parameters were modeled as a linear programming model that optimizes the contribution of individual Energy resources on end applications. The results were used to estimate the feasible extent of CO2 emission reduction through use of various Energy resources. The analysis also provides a plat form for implementing CDM projects in the sector and related prospects with respects to the Indian scenario.

  • Achieving Certified Emission Reduction in Rural Domestic Energy Sector Through Alternative Fuel Replacement
    International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2012
    Co-Authors: K. J. Sreekanth, S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    Since the Kyoto protocol agreement, clean development mechanism (CDM) has garnered large emphasis in terms of Certified Emission Reduction (CER) not only amidst the global carbon market but also in India. This paper attempts to assess the economic as well as environmental impact of CDM implementation towards sustainable development and the CO 2 emission by replacing fossil fuels with alternative fuels like biogas and biomass particularly in rural Domestic Energy sector based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) guidelines. A detailed survey was undertaken in the state of Kerala, in southern part of India to map the rural Domestic Energy Consumption pattern. The data collected was analyzed that throws insight into the interrelationships of the various parameters that influence Domestic Energy Consumption. The interrelationships between the different parameters were modeled that optimizes the contribution of individual Energy resources on end applications. The results were used to estimate the feasible extent of CO 2 emission reduction through replacement of various conventional Energy resources with alternative Energy sources, vis-a-vis their economic viability through cost effectiveness. The analysis also provides a platform for implementing CDM projects in the sector and related prospects with respects to the Indian scenario.

  • A Meta Model for Domestic Energy Consumption
    International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2011
    Co-Authors: S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    Prediction of Energy Consumption particularly in micro level is of vital importance in terms of Energy planning and also implementation of any Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) activities that has become the order of the world today. It may be difficult to model household Energy Consumption using conventional methods such as time series forecasting due to many influencing factors. This paper presents a step wise regression model for forecasting Domestic Energy Consumption based on micro level household survey data collected from Kerala, a state in southern part of India. The analysis of the data reveals significant influence of socio-economic, demographic, geographic, and family attributes upon total household Energy requirements. While a wide variation in the pattern of Energy requirements across the Domestic sector belonging to different expenditure classes, per capita income level can be identified as the most important explanatory variable influencing variation in Energy requirements. The models developed also demonstrates the influence of per capita land area, residential area among the higher income group while average age and literacy forms significant variables among the lower income group. Keywords: Meta Model; Consumption Pattern; Domestic Energy Requirement JEL classifications: E2; Q4

Enrico Costanza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluating semi automatic annotation of Domestic Energy Consumption as a memory aid
    Ubiquitous Computing, 2012
    Co-Authors: Darren P Richardson, Enrico Costanza
    Abstract:

    Frequent feedback about Energy Consumption can help conservation, one of the current global challenges. Such feedback is most helpful if users can relate it to their own day-to-day activities. In earlier work we showed that manual annotation of Domestic Energy Consumption logs aids users to make such connection and discover patterns they were not aware of. In this poster we report how we augmented manual annotation with machine learning classification techniques. We propose the design of a lab study to evaluate the system, extending methods used to evaluate context aware memory aids, and we present the results of a pilot with 5 participants.

  • UbiComp - Evaluating semi-automatic annotation of Domestic Energy Consumption as a memory aid
    Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing - UbiComp '12, 2012
    Co-Authors: Darren P Richardson, Enrico Costanza, Sarvapali D. Ramchurn
    Abstract:

    Frequent feedback about Energy Consumption can help conservation, one of the current global challenges. Such feedback is most helpful if users can relate it to their own day-to-day activities. In earlier work we showed that manual annotation of Domestic Energy Consumption logs aids users to make such connection and discover patterns they were not aware of. In this poster we report how we augmented manual annotation with machine learning classification techniques. We propose the design of a lab study to evaluate the system, extending methods used to evaluate context aware memory aids, and we present the results of a pilot with 5 participants.

  • understanding Domestic Energy Consumption through interactive visualisation a field study
    Ubiquitous Computing, 2012
    Co-Authors: Enrico Costanza, Sarvapali D. Ramchurn, Nicholas R Jennings
    Abstract:

    Motivated by the need to better manage Energy demand in the home, in this paper we advocate the integration into Ubicomp systems of interactive Energy Consumption visualisations, that allow users to engage with and understand their Consumption data, relating it to concrete activities in their life. To this end, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of FigureEnergy, a novel interactive visualisation that allows users to annotate and manipulate a graphical representation of their own electricity Consumption data, and therefore make sense of their past Energy usage and understand when, how, and to what end, some amount of Energy was used. To validate our design, we deployed FigureEnergy "in the wild" -- 12 participants installed meters in their homes and used the system for a period of two weeks. The results suggest that the annotation approach is successful overall: by engaging with the data users started to relate Energy Consumption to activities rather than just to appliances. Moreover, they were able to discover that some appliances consume more than they expected, despite having had prior experience of using other electricity displays.

  • UbiComp - Understanding Domestic Energy Consumption through interactive visualisation: a field study
    Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing - UbiComp '12, 2012
    Co-Authors: Enrico Costanza, Sarvapali D. Ramchurn, Nicholas R Jennings
    Abstract:

    Motivated by the need to better manage Energy demand in the home, in this paper we advocate the integration into Ubicomp systems of interactive Energy Consumption visualisations, that allow users to engage with and understand their Consumption data, relating it to concrete activities in their life. To this end, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of FigureEnergy, a novel interactive visualisation that allows users to annotate and manipulate a graphical representation of their own electricity Consumption data, and therefore make sense of their past Energy usage and understand when, how, and to what end, some amount of Energy was used. To validate our design, we deployed FigureEnergy "in the wild" -- 12 participants installed meters in their homes and used the system for a period of two weeks. The results suggest that the annotation approach is successful overall: by engaging with the data users started to relate Energy Consumption to activities rather than just to appliances. Moreover, they were able to discover that some appliances consume more than they expected, despite having had prior experience of using other electricity displays.

Gesche M Huebner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • explaining Domestic Energy Consumption the comparative contribution of building factors socio demographics behaviours and attitudes
    Applied Energy, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gesche M Huebner, David Shipworth, Ian Hamilton, Zaid Chalabi, T Oreszczyn
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper tests to what extent different types of variables (building factors, socio-demographics, attitudes and self-reported behaviours) explain annualized Energy Consumption in residential buildings, and goes on to show which individual variables have the highest explanatory power. In contrast to many other studies, the problem of multicollinearity between predictors is recognised, and addressed using Lasso regression to perform variable selection. Using data from a sample of 924 English households collected in 2011/12, four individual regression models showed that building variables on their own explained about 39% of the variability in Energy Consumption, socio-demographic variables 24%, heating behaviour 14% and attitudes & other behaviours only 5%. However, a combined model encompassing all predictors explained only 44% of all variability, indicating a significant extent of multicollinearity between predictors. Once corrected for multicollinearity, building variables predominantly remained as significant predictors of Energy Consumption, in particular the dwelling’s size and type. Of the sociodemographic predictors, only the household size remained significant, and of the heating behaviours only the length of heating season was significant. Reported beliefs about climate change were also a significant predictor. The findings indicate that whilst people use Energy, it is physical building characteristics that largely determine how much is used. This finding, together with the relatively greater time-invariant nature of building characteristics underlines their importance when focusing on seeking to understand residential Energy Consumption at a stock level. Retrofitting and behaviour change initiatives remain important avenues to reduce Consumption, as suggested through the lower Energy Consumption associated with full double-glazing and shorter heating season. However, the dominance of building size also indicates that living in appropriately sized buildings is of great importance for Energy Consumption. The results also indicate that more than half of the variability in Energy Consumption cannot be explained, even when using a wide range of predictors. The paper also discusses the need to collect better occupant-related variables to give a correct representation of the impact of behaviour, such as heating demand temperatures. Furthermore, choices about dwelling characteristics could also be seen as a type of behaviour, even though it cannot be modelled in a cross-sectional analysis as used in this study.

  • explaining Domestic Energy Consumption the comparative contribution of building factors socio demographics behaviours and attitudes
    Applied Energy, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gesche M Huebner, David Shipworth, Ian Hamilton, Zaid Chalabi, T Oreszczyn
    Abstract:

    This paper tests to what extent different types of variables (building factors, socio-demographics, attitudes and self-reported behaviours) explain annualized Energy Consumption in residential buildings, and goes on to show which individual variables have the highest explanatory power. In contrast to many other studies, the problem of multicollinearity between predictors is recognised, and addressed using Lasso regression to perform variable selection.

  • Explaining Domestic Energy Consumption – The comparative contribution of building factors, socio-demographics, behaviours and attitudes
    Applied Energy, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gesche M Huebner, David Shipworth, Ian Hamilton, Zaid Chalabi, Tadj Oreszczyn
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper tests to what extent different types of variables (building factors, socio-demographics, attitudes and self-reported behaviours) explain annualized Energy Consumption in residential buildings, and goes on to show which individual variables have the highest explanatory power. In contrast to many other studies, the problem of multicollinearity between predictors is recognised, and addressed using Lasso regression to perform variable selection. Using data from a sample of 924 English households collected in 2011/12, four individual regression models showed that building variables on their own explained about 39% of the variability in Energy Consumption, socio-demographic variables 24%, heating behaviour 14% and attitudes & other behaviours only 5%. However, a combined model encompassing all predictors explained only 44% of all variability, indicating a significant extent of multicollinearity between predictors. Once corrected for multicollinearity, building variables predominantly remained as significant predictors of Energy Consumption, in particular the dwelling’s size and type. Of the sociodemographic predictors, only the household size remained significant, and of the heating behaviours only the length of heating season was significant. Reported beliefs about climate change were also a significant predictor. The findings indicate that whilst people use Energy, it is physical building characteristics that largely determine how much is used. This finding, together with the relatively greater time-invariant nature of building characteristics underlines their importance when focusing on seeking to understand residential Energy Consumption at a stock level. Retrofitting and behaviour change initiatives remain important avenues to reduce Consumption, as suggested through the lower Energy Consumption associated with full double-glazing and shorter heating season. However, the dominance of building size also indicates that living in appropriately sized buildings is of great importance for Energy Consumption. The results also indicate that more than half of the variability in Energy Consumption cannot be explained, even when using a wide range of predictors. The paper also discusses the need to collect better occupant-related variables to give a correct representation of the impact of behaviour, such as heating demand temperatures. Furthermore, choices about dwelling characteristics could also be seen as a type of behaviour, even though it cannot be modelled in a cross-sectional analysis as used in this study.

  • barriers towards reducing Domestic Energy Consumption findings of a study among social housing tenants
    International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 2014
    Co-Authors: Gesche M Huebner, Justine Cooper, Amy Moon, Pamela F Maras, Keith A Jones
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to take a broad approach to understanding Domestic Energy Consumption and identify difficulties in Energy reduction. The study focused on a variety of factors, including barriers and motivators for behaviour change, comfort and comfort actions and knowledge about the heating system. Data collection was carried out with 55 social housing tenants in England using interviews and questionnaires. Data showed that tenants were to a large degree already engaged in Energy-saving actions. 'Warmth' was the most important aspect of comfort for the majority of tenants but about half of both comfort actions and actions against cold were not Energy-intensive. 'Habit' was identified as the most important barrier to behaviour change whilst 'money' was seen as the greatest motivator. A deficit regarding quality and quantity of instructions on the usage of the heating system emerged. The results imply that social housing landlords have the responsibility to provide better instructions on the most efficient home operation. They could play a large role in changing tenants' habits, for example when implementing physical changes to the dwelling.

  • Domestic Energy Consumption what role do comfort habit and knowledge about the heating system play
    Energy and Buildings, 2013
    Co-Authors: Gesche M Huebner, Justine Cooper, Keith A Jones
    Abstract:

    Abstracts The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of human factors potentially related to Energy Consumption in Domestic households. In particular, the focus was on the meaning of comfort and comfort actions, barriers to and motivators for saving Energy, and knowledge about the heating system. Data were collected using surveys, interviews, and monthly Energy meter readings. The data of the main sample, social housing tenants, were supplemented by a sample of University staff to test if similar results would be obtained in two very different samples. Findings largely overlapped in the two groups. In summary, the main results were that (1) warmth was given most often as the meaning of comfort, (2) comfort practices were to a large extent defined as temperature-related actions with low Energy use, (3) a deficit in the quality and quantity of instruction on how to use the heating system was reported, (4) being used to behaving in a certain way was seen as the most important barrier to behaviour change and was also related to actual Energy Consumption and self-reported Energy Consumption actions, and (5) willingness for behaviour change was greatest in order to save money.

Zhou Yuedong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Domestic Energy Consumption in rural china a study on sheyang county of jiangsu province
    Biomass & Bioenergy, 2002
    Co-Authors: Wang Xiaohua, Dai Xiaqing, Zhou Yuedong
    Abstract:

    A stratification sampling method has been applied to investigate 384 households in 12 villages of 4 towns in Sheyang County. Responses to a questionnaire show that the average annual Energy Consumption per capita is (294 kilograms of coal equivalent (kgce)), with an average available Energy Consumption of family-day mainly in the form of straw. The average Energy Consumption depends on income, stalk yield, and the number of persons and of pigs in a family. There is a demand for high-quality supplies.

  • Domestic Energy Consumption in rural China: A study on Sheyang County of Jiangsu Province
    Biomass and Bioenergy, 2002
    Co-Authors: Wang Xiaohua, Dai Xiaqing, Zhou Yuedong
    Abstract:

    Abstract A stratification sampling method has been applied to investigate 384 households in 12 villages of 4 towns in Sheyang County. Responses to a questionnaire show that the average annual Energy Consumption per capita is 8.62 GJ (294 kilograms of coal equivalent (kgce)), with an average available Energy Consumption of 16.56 MJ (0.565 kgce )/ family-day mainly in the form of straw. The average Energy Consumption depends on income, stalk yield, and the number of persons and of pigs in a family. There is a demand for high-quality supplies.

S Jayaraj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Certified emission reduction opportunities in the rural Domestic Energy sector: An economic analysis
    Energy Sources Part B: Economics Planning and Policy, 2016
    Co-Authors: K. J. Sreekanth, S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTSince the Kyoto Protocol agreement, clean development mechanism (CDM) for techno-economic viable project implementations has garnered large emphasis in terms of certified emission reduction, particularly among developing nations. This paper attempts to assess the economic impact of CDM implementation toward sustainable development and the CO2 emission particularly in rural Domestic Energy sector. A detailed survey was undertaken in the state of Kerala, located in southern part of India, to map the rural Domestic Energy Consumption pattern. Multiple-regression analysis of the data collected reveals the interrelationships of the various parameters that influence Domestic Energy Consumption. The interrelationships between the different parameters were modeled as a linear programming model that optimizes the contribution of individual Energy resources on end applications. The results were used to estimate the feasible extent of CO2 emission reduction through use of various Energy resources, vis-a-vis ...

  • Certified Emission Reduction (CER) Opportunities in Rural Domestic Energy Sector
    2013
    Co-Authors: K. J. Sreekanth, S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    Since the Kyoto protocol agreement, clean development mechanism (CDM) has garnered large emphasis in terms of CER not only amidst the global carbon market but also in India. This paper attempts to assess the impact of CDM implementation towards sustainable development and the CO2 emission particularly in rural Domestic Energy sector based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) guidelines. A detailed survey was undertaken in the state of Kerala, in southern part of India to map the rural Domestic Energy Consumption pattern. The data collected was analyzed that throws insight into the interrelationships of the various parameters that influence Domestic Energy Consumption. The interrelationships between the different parameters were modeled as a linear programming model that optimizes the contribution of individual Energy resources on end applications. The results were used to estimate the feasible extent of CO2 emission reduction through use of various Energy resources. The analysis also provides a plat form for implementing CDM projects in the sector and related prospects with respects to the Indian scenario.

  • Achieving Certified Emission Reduction in Rural Domestic Energy Sector Through Alternative Fuel Replacement
    International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2012
    Co-Authors: K. J. Sreekanth, S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    Since the Kyoto protocol agreement, clean development mechanism (CDM) has garnered large emphasis in terms of Certified Emission Reduction (CER) not only amidst the global carbon market but also in India. This paper attempts to assess the economic as well as environmental impact of CDM implementation towards sustainable development and the CO 2 emission by replacing fossil fuels with alternative fuels like biogas and biomass particularly in rural Domestic Energy sector based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) guidelines. A detailed survey was undertaken in the state of Kerala, in southern part of India to map the rural Domestic Energy Consumption pattern. The data collected was analyzed that throws insight into the interrelationships of the various parameters that influence Domestic Energy Consumption. The interrelationships between the different parameters were modeled that optimizes the contribution of individual Energy resources on end applications. The results were used to estimate the feasible extent of CO 2 emission reduction through replacement of various conventional Energy resources with alternative Energy sources, vis-a-vis their economic viability through cost effectiveness. The analysis also provides a platform for implementing CDM projects in the sector and related prospects with respects to the Indian scenario.

  • A Meta Model for Domestic Energy Consumption
    International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2011
    Co-Authors: S Jayaraj, N Sudarsan
    Abstract:

    Prediction of Energy Consumption particularly in micro level is of vital importance in terms of Energy planning and also implementation of any Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) activities that has become the order of the world today. It may be difficult to model household Energy Consumption using conventional methods such as time series forecasting due to many influencing factors. This paper presents a step wise regression model for forecasting Domestic Energy Consumption based on micro level household survey data collected from Kerala, a state in southern part of India. The analysis of the data reveals significant influence of socio-economic, demographic, geographic, and family attributes upon total household Energy requirements. While a wide variation in the pattern of Energy requirements across the Domestic sector belonging to different expenditure classes, per capita income level can be identified as the most important explanatory variable influencing variation in Energy requirements. The models developed also demonstrates the influence of per capita land area, residential area among the higher income group while average age and literacy forms significant variables among the lower income group. Keywords: Meta Model; Consumption Pattern; Domestic Energy Requirement JEL classifications: E2; Q4