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J L Gattis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influences of Cross-Sectional Design Elements at Urban Arterial Driveway Locations
Transportation Research Record, 2015Co-Authors: Yanfen Zhou, Karen Dixon, J L GattisAbstract:This paper presents a study on the influences of select cross-sectional design elements—specifically median configurations and bicycle lanes—and their impact on crash severity and type as well as the associated driver gap acceptance for turning maneuvers at midblock driveway locations on urban arterials. The primary goal of this research is to better understand how median and bicycle lane configurations can influence safety and operations at driveway locations. The authors used crash data, traffic data, and roadway information from driveway locations in Oregon, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. The data were supplemented with digital videos from field studies of the sites. These traffic videos helped to better understand how road features and traffic influenced driver behavior at selected urban arterial driveway locations. Gap acceptance studies were conducted to determine critical gaps for driveway locations at arterial roads with and without bicycle lanes. Four critical gap analysis methods were evaluated to esti...
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Impacts of cross-sectional elements (median configurations and bicycle lanes) at urban arterial driveway location
2014Co-Authors: Yanfen Zhou, Karen Dixon, J L GattisAbstract:Studies have revealed that among over 50 roadway-related features, cross-sectional roadway elements are one of the most important in affecting road safety performance. Unfortunately, quantifying the safety for urban road cross-sectional features has historically not received as much attention as it has for rural roads. This paper presents a study on the influences of select cross-sectional related design elements (specifically median configurations and bicycle lanes) and their impact on crash severity and type as well as the associated driver gap acceptance for turning maneuvers at midblock driveway locations on urban arterials. The primary goal of this proposed research is to better understand how the median and bicycle lane configurations can influence safety and operations at driveway locations. The authors utilized crash data, traffic data, and roadway information from driveway locations in Oregon, Arkansas, and Oklahoma in the United States. The project team supplemented the data with digital videos acquired during field studies of the sites. The traffic videos helped the authors better understand how road features and traffic influenced driver behavior at selected urban arterial driveway locations. As part of this effort, the authors conducted gap-acceptance studies to determine the critical gaps for driveway locations at arterial roads with and without bicycle lanes. The authors evaluated four different critical gap analysis methods to estimate the driveway operations and noted potential procedural biases associated with two of the techniques. The paper describes these field studies and summarizes how the gap acceptance varied at the different arterial driveway locations.
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Considering and Applying Driveway Design for All Users
Transportation Research Record, 2013Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, W F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways, was initiated to help address the lack of comprehensive research and national design guidance for the design of driveway connections to roadways. The research initiated with this project included an extensive literature review, a survey of state agencies and contacts with interest groups, and fieldwork to measure traffic attributes. The project produced two publications: a research report on the NCHRP website and NCHRP Report 659: Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways. This paper considers the following topics: (a) What design issues were identified? Current design practices may not adequately consider the range of all driveway users: bicyclists, motorists, and pedestrians. The paper discusses the vulnerability of various users on the basis of historical crash data. (b) What user attributes were found? The research produced information about the driveway grades at which the undersides of vehicles may drag and the speeds at which vehicles on urban a...
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Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways - Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways
2010Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, William F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:This report presents guidelines that will be of use to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants for the geometric design of Driveways. It contains driveway-related terms and definitions, basic geometric controls, a summary of access spacing principles, and detailed discussions of various geometric design elements. The objective of the research was to develop recommendations for the geometric design of Driveways that consider standard engineering practice and accessibility needs and provide for safe and efficient travel by motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists on the affected roadway.
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guide for the geometric design of Driveways
NCHRP Report, 2010Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, William F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:This report presents guidelines that will be of use to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants for the geometric design of Driveways. It contains driveway-related terms and definitions, basic geometric controls, a summary of access spacing principles, and detailed discussions of various geometric design elements. The objective of the research was to develop recommendations for the geometric design of Driveways that consider standard engineering practice and accessibility needs and provide for safe and efficient travel by motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists on the affected roadway.
Karen K Dixon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validation of models for quantifying safety performance of Driveways on state highways
2014Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Raul AvelarAbstract:This Final Report documents the validation of urban and rural arterial safety performance functions (SPFs) developed for the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) SPR 720 study titled Quantifying Safety Performance of Driveways on State Highways. For this previous effort, the research team determined that the crash reporting that indicated a driveway may have been involved in the crash was not a dependable variable, so they developed SPFs for all non-intersection-related arterial crashes (of which many were likely due to vehicle interactions at driveway locations). Due to a limited sample size in the original study, the Final Report for SPR 720 recommended sampling of additional study sites and validation of the original study models based on these new randomly sampled locations. The information in this report reviews the subsequent validation effort and the resulting recommendations. In general the original models performed very well in response to the validation tests. The research team evaluated spatial transferability, spatial-temporal transferability, and individual coefficient stability and significance. The urban model performed well with the spatial transferability resulting in statistically equivalent values, the spatial-temporal transferability providing similar values but not statistically equivalent at the 95 percent level, and all but one of the model variables (titled “Other DW”) determined to be statistically significant. The rural model also performed well as it was determined to provide statistically equivalent predictions for spatial transferability as well as for spatial-temporal transferability. In addition, the validation analysis for the individual coefficients found that only the “Four.Travel.Lanes” and the “Number.of.DW.Clusters” variables were not statistically equivalent at the 95 percent level. Ultimately, the research team developed enhanced models with the enriched data set so as to refine the original models and simplify their structure, where feasible.
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Quantifying Safety Performance of Driveways on State Highways
2012Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Raul Avelar, Megan E. Mecham, Lacy Brown, Ida Van SchalkwykAbstract:This report documents a research effort to quantify the safety performance of Driveways in the State of Oregon. In particular, this research effort focuses on Driveways located adjacent to principal arterial state highways with urban or rural designations. This report includes safety performance functions (SPFs) that can be used to evaluate the safety impacts of various access management and driveway-related configurations on Oregon arterial corridors. The project team developed these safety metrics using statistical models and methodologies similar to those outlined in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) published in 2010 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Instead of using a base condition SPF that included only segment length and traffic volume and then would need companion crash modification factors (CMFs) to fully analyze a corridor, the project team developed full model SPFs that do not require any additional adjustments. The resulting models varied for urban versus rural conditions, but type of land use and traffic volume were two consistently significant variables observed for both models. A companion “smart spreadsheet” accompanies this report to assist readers with implementation of the procedure.
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Developing a Risk Assessment Rating for Conflict Points at Driveway Locations
2011Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Access management along major facilities relies on effective driveway configurations and associated median or channelization treatments to achieve safe, smooth arterial operations and adequate service to adjacent land use activities. One common safety consideration at driveway locations is the number and type of conflict points. Conflict analysis has been used for many years to subjectively determine the safety or complexity of operations at a site. The purpose of this paper is to develop and apply a risk assessment method to analyze and evaluate conflicts for a variety of driveway configurations. In addition to issues associated with the physical location and configuration, potential angle of impact, relative speed of conflicting vehicles, driver perception-reaction type, and type of potential crash, the volume of traffic then can be used to further assess the probability of crashes at a specific driveway location. Since the purpose of this paper is the development of a risk assessment rating for Driveways (a rating not currently available), the authors have elected to simplify this initial effort by primarily focusing on motor vehicle interactions; however, non-motorized operations such as bicycle and pedestrian should ultimately be included and are peripherally addressed in this paper.
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Balancing Urban Driveway Design Demands Based on Stopping Sight Distance
Transportation Research Record, 2009Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Ida Van Schalkwyk, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Many roadways in urban areas, especially dense commercial areas, are subjected to on-street and adjacent off-street parking demands; local access through Driveways is an essential component of these complex urban corridors. Vehicles entering and exiting these Driveways—and their interaction with parked cars, other moving motorized vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians—present challenges for a safe and efficient roadway corridor. The location and the design of these Driveways, together with parking and bicycle facilities, generate sight distance challenges that affect pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper investigates the type and nature of impacts—including conflicts, sight distance, operations, and safety at driveway locations—as they relate to pedestrians, bicyclists, and drivers. It also analyzes design geometrics that may help to provide adequate sight distance for safety at Driveways with and without bicycle lanes present. Parked vehicles often obstruct drivers' view of approaching motor vehicles and ...
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Driveways, Parking, Bicycles, and Pedestrians: Balancing Safety and Efficiency
2008Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Ida Van Schalkwyk, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Many roadways located in urban areas, especially dense commercial areas, are subjected to on-street and adjacent off-street parking demands; however, local access via Driveways is an essential component of these complex urban corridors. Vehicles entering and exiting these Driveways and the interaction of these vehicles with parked cars, other moving motorized vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians present challenges for a safe and efficient roadway corridor. The location and design of these Driveways, together with parking and bicycle facilities, generate sight distance challenges that impact both pedestrian and bicyclists. The application of various access management strategies at Driveways has direct implications for pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper investigates the type and nature of impacts, including conflicts, sight distance, operations, and safety at driveway locations as they impact pedestrians, bicyclists and drivers. Conflicts, safety and relative speed between vehicles and pedestrians are used to show the impact on pedestrians of various access management techniques at Driveways. The paper also analyses appropriate design geometrics to provide adequate sight distance for safety at Driveways with and without bicycle lanes. Parked vehicles often obstruct the driver’s view of legally approaching motor vehicles and bicycles. In many locations, vehicles exiting Driveways must edge out into the active travelway before the driver has an unobstructed view. Examples of good driveway placement and design are used to illustrate how these potentially hazardous ingress-egress locations can be safely addressed. Examples of undesirable situations are also critiqued to explain the nature of the operational and safety problems. Scenario situations of Driveways with various geometric configurations, operational conditions, and on-street parking layouts are analyzed and evaluated. These demonstrate the relationship between sight distance, speed, on-street parking, and the lateral placement of sidewalks and landscape buffers. The impacts of access management techniques affecting pedestrians at Driveways are generally determined to be beneficial. For most techniques, there are fewer conflict points between motor vehicles and pedestrians at driveway locations, and these conflict points are more widely separated than at locations where access management techniques have not been applied. Also, the number of conflicts and relative speeds between motor vehicles and pedestrians are reduced by most access management techniques. The driveway locations and design analysis demonstrates the value of bicycle lanes in providing enhanced sight distance. Current practices permit the longitudinal placement of on-street parking too close to Driveways. Roads with bike lanes should exclude on-street parking when speeds exceed 30 mph so as to provide adequate sight distance without creating sporadic on-street parking spacing. Roads that do not have bike lanes present should exclude on-street parking when speeds exceed 25 mph.
Ida Van Schalkwyk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Land Use and Driveway Placement on Safety Performance of Arterial Highways
Transportation Research Record, 2013Co-Authors: Raul Avelar, Karen Dixon, Lacy S. Brown, Megan E. Mecham, Ida Van SchalkwykAbstract:Characterizing driveway safety is a relevant and relatively complex topic in transportation safety research. This research studied the safety link of Driveways abutting Oregon highways and considered various factors proposed in the current literature for design and evaluation of the safety performance of roadside elements. On the basis of two probability samples from rural and urban arterial state highways, this research developed alternative safety performance functions to evaluate the safety impacts of various driveway configurations. These safety performance functions were intended to explore driveway safety beyond the average driveway density treatment commonly encountered in the literature. The statistical models and methodologies in this research are comparable with those in the Highway Safety Manual. The proposed models exhibited different ranges of effects for urban and rural conditions, but type of land use proved a prominent factor for both the urban and the rural models. The analysis showed tha...
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Quantifying Safety Performance of Driveways on State Highways
2012Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Raul Avelar, Megan E. Mecham, Lacy Brown, Ida Van SchalkwykAbstract:This report documents a research effort to quantify the safety performance of Driveways in the State of Oregon. In particular, this research effort focuses on Driveways located adjacent to principal arterial state highways with urban or rural designations. This report includes safety performance functions (SPFs) that can be used to evaluate the safety impacts of various access management and driveway-related configurations on Oregon arterial corridors. The project team developed these safety metrics using statistical models and methodologies similar to those outlined in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) published in 2010 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Instead of using a base condition SPF that included only segment length and traffic volume and then would need companion crash modification factors (CMFs) to fully analyze a corridor, the project team developed full model SPFs that do not require any additional adjustments. The resulting models varied for urban versus rural conditions, but type of land use and traffic volume were two consistently significant variables observed for both models. A companion “smart spreadsheet” accompanies this report to assist readers with implementation of the procedure.
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Balancing Urban Driveway Design Demands Based on Stopping Sight Distance
Transportation Research Record, 2009Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Ida Van Schalkwyk, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Many roadways in urban areas, especially dense commercial areas, are subjected to on-street and adjacent off-street parking demands; local access through Driveways is an essential component of these complex urban corridors. Vehicles entering and exiting these Driveways—and their interaction with parked cars, other moving motorized vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians—present challenges for a safe and efficient roadway corridor. The location and the design of these Driveways, together with parking and bicycle facilities, generate sight distance challenges that affect pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper investigates the type and nature of impacts—including conflicts, sight distance, operations, and safety at driveway locations—as they relate to pedestrians, bicyclists, and drivers. It also analyzes design geometrics that may help to provide adequate sight distance for safety at Driveways with and without bicycle lanes present. Parked vehicles often obstruct drivers' view of approaching motor vehicles and ...
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Driveways, Parking, Bicycles, and Pedestrians: Balancing Safety and Efficiency
2008Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Ida Van Schalkwyk, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Many roadways located in urban areas, especially dense commercial areas, are subjected to on-street and adjacent off-street parking demands; however, local access via Driveways is an essential component of these complex urban corridors. Vehicles entering and exiting these Driveways and the interaction of these vehicles with parked cars, other moving motorized vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians present challenges for a safe and efficient roadway corridor. The location and design of these Driveways, together with parking and bicycle facilities, generate sight distance challenges that impact both pedestrian and bicyclists. The application of various access management strategies at Driveways has direct implications for pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper investigates the type and nature of impacts, including conflicts, sight distance, operations, and safety at driveway locations as they impact pedestrians, bicyclists and drivers. Conflicts, safety and relative speed between vehicles and pedestrians are used to show the impact on pedestrians of various access management techniques at Driveways. The paper also analyses appropriate design geometrics to provide adequate sight distance for safety at Driveways with and without bicycle lanes. Parked vehicles often obstruct the driver’s view of legally approaching motor vehicles and bicycles. In many locations, vehicles exiting Driveways must edge out into the active travelway before the driver has an unobstructed view. Examples of good driveway placement and design are used to illustrate how these potentially hazardous ingress-egress locations can be safely addressed. Examples of undesirable situations are also critiqued to explain the nature of the operational and safety problems. Scenario situations of Driveways with various geometric configurations, operational conditions, and on-street parking layouts are analyzed and evaluated. These demonstrate the relationship between sight distance, speed, on-street parking, and the lateral placement of sidewalks and landscape buffers. The impacts of access management techniques affecting pedestrians at Driveways are generally determined to be beneficial. For most techniques, there are fewer conflict points between motor vehicles and pedestrians at driveway locations, and these conflict points are more widely separated than at locations where access management techniques have not been applied. Also, the number of conflicts and relative speeds between motor vehicles and pedestrians are reduced by most access management techniques. The driveway locations and design analysis demonstrates the value of bicycle lanes in providing enhanced sight distance. Current practices permit the longitudinal placement of on-street parking too close to Driveways. Roads with bike lanes should exclude on-street parking when speeds exceed 30 mph so as to provide adequate sight distance without creating sporadic on-street parking spacing. Roads that do not have bike lanes present should exclude on-street parking when speeds exceed 25 mph.
Robert D Layton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Developing a Risk Assessment Rating for Conflict Points at Driveway Locations
2011Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Access management along major facilities relies on effective driveway configurations and associated median or channelization treatments to achieve safe, smooth arterial operations and adequate service to adjacent land use activities. One common safety consideration at driveway locations is the number and type of conflict points. Conflict analysis has been used for many years to subjectively determine the safety or complexity of operations at a site. The purpose of this paper is to develop and apply a risk assessment method to analyze and evaluate conflicts for a variety of driveway configurations. In addition to issues associated with the physical location and configuration, potential angle of impact, relative speed of conflicting vehicles, driver perception-reaction type, and type of potential crash, the volume of traffic then can be used to further assess the probability of crashes at a specific driveway location. Since the purpose of this paper is the development of a risk assessment rating for Driveways (a rating not currently available), the authors have elected to simplify this initial effort by primarily focusing on motor vehicle interactions; however, non-motorized operations such as bicycle and pedestrian should ultimately be included and are peripherally addressed in this paper.
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Balancing Urban Driveway Design Demands Based on Stopping Sight Distance
Transportation Research Record, 2009Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Ida Van Schalkwyk, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Many roadways in urban areas, especially dense commercial areas, are subjected to on-street and adjacent off-street parking demands; local access through Driveways is an essential component of these complex urban corridors. Vehicles entering and exiting these Driveways—and their interaction with parked cars, other moving motorized vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians—present challenges for a safe and efficient roadway corridor. The location and the design of these Driveways, together with parking and bicycle facilities, generate sight distance challenges that affect pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper investigates the type and nature of impacts—including conflicts, sight distance, operations, and safety at driveway locations—as they relate to pedestrians, bicyclists, and drivers. It also analyzes design geometrics that may help to provide adequate sight distance for safety at Driveways with and without bicycle lanes present. Parked vehicles often obstruct drivers' view of approaching motor vehicles and ...
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Driveways, Parking, Bicycles, and Pedestrians: Balancing Safety and Efficiency
2008Co-Authors: Karen K Dixon, Ida Van Schalkwyk, Robert D LaytonAbstract:Many roadways located in urban areas, especially dense commercial areas, are subjected to on-street and adjacent off-street parking demands; however, local access via Driveways is an essential component of these complex urban corridors. Vehicles entering and exiting these Driveways and the interaction of these vehicles with parked cars, other moving motorized vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians present challenges for a safe and efficient roadway corridor. The location and design of these Driveways, together with parking and bicycle facilities, generate sight distance challenges that impact both pedestrian and bicyclists. The application of various access management strategies at Driveways has direct implications for pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper investigates the type and nature of impacts, including conflicts, sight distance, operations, and safety at driveway locations as they impact pedestrians, bicyclists and drivers. Conflicts, safety and relative speed between vehicles and pedestrians are used to show the impact on pedestrians of various access management techniques at Driveways. The paper also analyses appropriate design geometrics to provide adequate sight distance for safety at Driveways with and without bicycle lanes. Parked vehicles often obstruct the driver’s view of legally approaching motor vehicles and bicycles. In many locations, vehicles exiting Driveways must edge out into the active travelway before the driver has an unobstructed view. Examples of good driveway placement and design are used to illustrate how these potentially hazardous ingress-egress locations can be safely addressed. Examples of undesirable situations are also critiqued to explain the nature of the operational and safety problems. Scenario situations of Driveways with various geometric configurations, operational conditions, and on-street parking layouts are analyzed and evaluated. These demonstrate the relationship between sight distance, speed, on-street parking, and the lateral placement of sidewalks and landscape buffers. The impacts of access management techniques affecting pedestrians at Driveways are generally determined to be beneficial. For most techniques, there are fewer conflict points between motor vehicles and pedestrians at driveway locations, and these conflict points are more widely separated than at locations where access management techniques have not been applied. Also, the number of conflicts and relative speeds between motor vehicles and pedestrians are reduced by most access management techniques. The driveway locations and design analysis demonstrates the value of bicycle lanes in providing enhanced sight distance. Current practices permit the longitudinal placement of on-street parking too close to Driveways. Roads with bike lanes should exclude on-street parking when speeds exceed 30 mph so as to provide adequate sight distance without creating sporadic on-street parking spacing. Roads that do not have bike lanes present should exclude on-street parking when speeds exceed 25 mph.
Herbert S Levinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Considering and Applying Driveway Design for All Users
Transportation Research Record, 2013Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, W F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways, was initiated to help address the lack of comprehensive research and national design guidance for the design of driveway connections to roadways. The research initiated with this project included an extensive literature review, a survey of state agencies and contacts with interest groups, and fieldwork to measure traffic attributes. The project produced two publications: a research report on the NCHRP website and NCHRP Report 659: Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways. This paper considers the following topics: (a) What design issues were identified? Current design practices may not adequately consider the range of all driveway users: bicyclists, motorists, and pedestrians. The paper discusses the vulnerability of various users on the basis of historical crash data. (b) What user attributes were found? The research produced information about the driveway grades at which the undersides of vehicles may drag and the speeds at which vehicles on urban a...
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Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways - Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways
2010Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, William F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:This report presents guidelines that will be of use to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants for the geometric design of Driveways. It contains driveway-related terms and definitions, basic geometric controls, a summary of access spacing principles, and detailed discussions of various geometric design elements. The objective of the research was to develop recommendations for the geometric design of Driveways that consider standard engineering practice and accessibility needs and provide for safe and efficient travel by motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists on the affected roadway.
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guide for the geometric design of Driveways
NCHRP Report, 2010Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, William F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:This report presents guidelines that will be of use to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants for the geometric design of Driveways. It contains driveway-related terms and definitions, basic geometric controls, a summary of access spacing principles, and detailed discussions of various geometric design elements. The objective of the research was to develop recommendations for the geometric design of Driveways that consider standard engineering practice and accessibility needs and provide for safe and efficient travel by motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists on the affected roadway.
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Multimodal Driveway Design
Transportation Research Record, 2010Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, Herbert S Levinson, W F HeckerAbstract:Driveways are the link between public roadways and the abutting activities that they serve. Driveways serve a wide range of activities in a variety of contexts. Driveway design guidelines have traditionally focused on accommodating motor vehicles, but in recent years, growing emphasis has been placed on a broader range of issues, such as better managing access and accommodating all modes, including pedestrians and bicyclists. How well Driveways are designed affects the safety and mobility of not only motorists but also bicyclists and pedestrians. This paper draws from research performed for NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways. It discusses multimodal driveway design considerations and provides design guidelines that recognize the needs of pedestrians (including those with disabilities and transit users) and bicyclists.
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Geometric Design of Driveways
2009Co-Authors: J L Gattis, Jerome Gluck, Janet M. Barlow, Ronald W Eck, William F Hecker, Herbert S LevinsonAbstract:Driveways are private roads that provide access (both ingress and egress) between a public way and abutting properties, and any facilities on those properties. The roadway engineers’ focus is often on a part of the driveway, the area where the driveway intersects the public highway or street. Since these connections form the link or interface between public streets and highways and the activities they serve, Driveways are an integral part of the roadway transportation system. There has been relatively little comprehensive research on or national guidance for the geometric design of Driveways in recent decades. The objective of this project was to develop recommendations for geometric design of Driveways that will be useful to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants in preparing driveway design standards and practices. The project included an extensive review of related literature, a survey of transportation agencies, a listing of almost 100 factors that can affect the design of a driveway, a list of needed research topics, and research on issues related to driveway vertical alignment. The project produced two documents, the project report and a driveway design guide.
