The Experts below are selected from a list of 25368 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Francesco Bella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Operating Speeds from Driving Simulator Tests for Road Safety Evaluation
Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, 2014Co-Authors: Francesco BellaAbstract:Two-lane rural roads with features consistent with those required by Italian guidelines for major two-lane rural roads were implemented in a Driving Simulator. Twenty-nine tangent-curve-tangent configurations similar to those where a previous validation study ascertained the validity of the Driving Simulator for Driving speed behavior research were selected. The drivers’ speeds on these configurations were processed to obtain the operating speeds. The main findings were the following. The maximum operating speed on the last 200 m of the approach tangent (V85max_200) is higher than the operating speed at the midpoint of the tangent (V85mid,t). The operating speed at the midpoint of the curve (V85mid,c) overestimates the minimum operating speed of the drivers on the curved section (V85min,c). Therefore, V85max_200 and V85min,c are the most appropriate parameters for the quantification of the speed differential as difference between the operating speeds on the approach tangent and on the successive curve. A ...
-
Driving Simulator for speed research on two lane rural roads
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2008Co-Authors: Francesco BellaAbstract:The paper reports on a validation study of the interactive fixed-base Driving Simulator of Inter-University Research Center for Road Safety (CRISS) that was effectuated in order to verify the CRISS Driving Simulator's usefulness at a tool for speed research on two-lane rural roads. Speeds were recorded at eleven measurement sites with different alignment configurations on a two-lane rural road near Rome. The real world was reproduced in the CRISS Driving Simulator. Forty drivers drove the Simulator. The results of the comparative and statistical analysis established the relative validity and also revealed that absolute validity was obtained in nine measurements sites. Only in two non-demanding configurations, were the speeds in Simulator significantly higher than those recorded in the field. In these sites the mean speed in Simulator was equal to or greater than 94 km/h. For these configurations, the higher speeds recorded in Simulator appeared to stem from the different risk perception on the simulated road as opposed to that on the real road. The study's results should be considered for Driving speed behavior research, in which Simulator equipment with similar features of the CRISS Driving Simulator is used.
-
Driving Simulator Validation for Deceleration Lane Design
2007Co-Authors: Francesco Bella, Alfredo García, Francisco Solves, Mario RomeroAbstract:The research project aimed at validating the interactive fixed-base Driving Simulator of the Interuniversity Research Center for Road Safety (CRISS) to enable its use for design of decelerations lanes, in function of the lane length. The research was developed in two phases. In the first one a field study was carried out on a section of a real highway to study driver’s behavior in deceleration lanes with three different lengths. The second one was a experiment using the Driving Simulator of CRISS. Forty-two driver drove in the Simulator on three configurations of the deceleration lane. Trajectories and speeds in field and in Simulator were analyzed. The driver’s behavior in terms of deceleration rate was also analyzed. The analysis revealed that the average trajectory is developed in the same phases in field and in simulation. Taper is also used in a correct way in reality as well as in the Driving simulation. Before arriving at the deceleration lane, speeds in virtual reality are higher than those in field measurement. This was probably determined by the fact that no inertial force on the driver is transferred in the Driving Simulator. The inability of driver to discern roadway scenario long distances ahead may have also contributed. Into the deceleration lane, the perception of the scenario is better, and consequently speeds were similar than field data. No relation between the deceleration rates and the lane length were found in reality as well as in Driving Simulator.
Praveen Chilakapati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Validating a Driving Simulator using surrogate safety measures
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2008Co-Authors: Xuedong Yan, Mohamed Abdel-aty, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Praveen ChilakapatiAbstract:Traffic crash statistics and previous research have shown an increased risk of traffic crashes at signalized intersections. How to diagnose safety problems and develop effective countermeasures to reduce crash rate at intersections is a key task for traffic engineers and researchers. This study aims at investigating whether the Driving Simulator can be used as a valid tool to assess traffic safety at signalized intersections. In support of the research objective, this Simulator validity study was conducted from two perspectives, a traffic parameter (speed) and a safety parameter (crash history). A signalized intersection with as many important features (including roadway geometries, traffic control devices, intersection surroundings, and buildings) was replicated into a high-fidelity Driving Simulator. A Driving Simulator experiment with eight scenarios at the intersection were conducted to determine if the subjects’ speed behavior and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator were similar to what were found at the real intersection. The experiment results showed that speed data observed from the field and in the Simulator experiment both follow normal distributions and have equal means for each intersection approach, which validated the Driving Simulator in absolute terms. Furthermore, this study used an innovative approach of using surrogate safety measures from the Simulator to contrast with the crash analysis for the field data. The Simulator experiment results indicated that compared to the right-turn lane with the low rear-end crash history record (2 crashes), subjects showed a series of more risky behaviors at the right-turn lane with the high rear-end crash history record (16 crashes), including higher deceleration rate (1.80±1.20m/s2 versus 0.80±0.65m/s2), higher non-stop right-turn rate on red (81.67% versus 57.63%), higher right-turn speed as stop line (18.38±8.90km/h versus 14.68±6.04km/h), shorter following distance (30.19±13.43m versus 35.58±13.41m), and higher rear-end probability (9/59=0.153 versus 2/60=0.033). Therefore, the relative validity of Driving Simulator was well established for the traffic safety studies at signalized intersections.
-
Using Traffic and Safety Measures for Driving Simulator Validation
2007Co-Authors: Xuedong Yan, Mohamed Abdel-aty, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Praveen ChilakapatiAbstract:This study focuses on validating a Driving Simulator using traffic and safety measures. To achieve the objective of this research, a signalized intersection that has one of the highest crash frequencies in Central Florida was replicated in the Driving Simulator system. Eight scenarios were designed at the intersection in a Driving Simulator experiment. Subjects were classified by gender and five age groups were recruited to test the eight scenarios. The experimental measurements from subjects performances in the Simulator were compared to speed observations in the field and safety trends based on police crash report analysis. It was found that drivers have similar speed behaviors and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator as found at the real intersection. Therefore, the experiment results validated the Driving Simulator, indicating that it could be an effective tool to be employed in Driving behavior research and traffic engineering studies.
Sun I Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
development and validation of virtual Driving Simulator for the spinal injury patient
Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 2002Co-Authors: Dong Pyo Jang, Bum S Lee, Jae H Lee, In Young Kim, Sun I KimAbstract:We developed a virtual reality (VR) Driving Simulator in order to safely evaluate and improve the Driving ability of spinal injury patients. The Simulator is composed of an actual car, a beam projector, and a large screen. For the interface of our Driving Simulator, an actual car was adapted and then connected to a computer. We equipped the car with hand control Driving devices especially adapted for spinal injury patients. A beam projector was used so that the subjects could see the virtual scene on a large screen set up in front of them. The virtual environment (VE) consisted of 18 sections (e.g., a speed-limited road, a straight road, a curved road, a left turn) and each section was linked naturally to the next. The subjects selected for this trial were 10 normal drivers with valid Driving licenses and 15 patients with thoracic or lumbar cord injuries who had prior Driving experience. For evaluation, five Driving skills were measured, including average speed, steering stability, centerline violations, traffic signal violations, and Driving time in various road conditions such as straight and curved roads. The normal subjects manipulated the gas pedal and the brake with their feet, while the patients manipulated a hand control with their hands. After they finished Driving the whole course, the participants answered the questions such as "How realistic did the virtual reality Driving Simulator seem to you?" and "How much was your fear reduced?" In this study, we found that the difference in manipulation method (i.e., the patient group's hand control versus the normal driver's foot controls) does not seem to influence relative performance in the VR Driving Simulator, though training to improve the use of hand controls in the VR Driving Simulator would be useful to reduce the fear that the patients feel while Driving.
Xuedong Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Exploring Driving Simulator as a Traffic Safety Test Tool at Signalized Intersections
Plan Build and Manage Transportation Infrastructure in China, 2008Co-Authors: Mohamed Abdel-aty, Xuedong Yan, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Xiaohong ChenAbstract:This paper presents a novel perspective of Driving Simulator application on traffic safety: exploring Driving Simulator as a traffic safety test tool at signalized intersections. In support of this concept, a signalized intersection with as many important features (including roadway geometries, traffic control devices, intersection surroundings, and buildings) was replicated into the UCF (University of Central Florida) Driving Simulator. A series of Driving Simulator experiments for the intersection were conducted to determine if the subjects’ speed behaviors and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator were similar to what were found at the real intersection. The experiment results showed that the advanced Driving Simulators can be used as a valid tool to assess traffic safety at signalized intersection.
-
Validating a Driving Simulator using surrogate safety measures
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2008Co-Authors: Xuedong Yan, Mohamed Abdel-aty, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Praveen ChilakapatiAbstract:Traffic crash statistics and previous research have shown an increased risk of traffic crashes at signalized intersections. How to diagnose safety problems and develop effective countermeasures to reduce crash rate at intersections is a key task for traffic engineers and researchers. This study aims at investigating whether the Driving Simulator can be used as a valid tool to assess traffic safety at signalized intersections. In support of the research objective, this Simulator validity study was conducted from two perspectives, a traffic parameter (speed) and a safety parameter (crash history). A signalized intersection with as many important features (including roadway geometries, traffic control devices, intersection surroundings, and buildings) was replicated into a high-fidelity Driving Simulator. A Driving Simulator experiment with eight scenarios at the intersection were conducted to determine if the subjects’ speed behavior and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator were similar to what were found at the real intersection. The experiment results showed that speed data observed from the field and in the Simulator experiment both follow normal distributions and have equal means for each intersection approach, which validated the Driving Simulator in absolute terms. Furthermore, this study used an innovative approach of using surrogate safety measures from the Simulator to contrast with the crash analysis for the field data. The Simulator experiment results indicated that compared to the right-turn lane with the low rear-end crash history record (2 crashes), subjects showed a series of more risky behaviors at the right-turn lane with the high rear-end crash history record (16 crashes), including higher deceleration rate (1.80±1.20m/s2 versus 0.80±0.65m/s2), higher non-stop right-turn rate on red (81.67% versus 57.63%), higher right-turn speed as stop line (18.38±8.90km/h versus 14.68±6.04km/h), shorter following distance (30.19±13.43m versus 35.58±13.41m), and higher rear-end probability (9/59=0.153 versus 2/60=0.033). Therefore, the relative validity of Driving Simulator was well established for the traffic safety studies at signalized intersections.
-
Using Traffic and Safety Measures for Driving Simulator Validation
2007Co-Authors: Xuedong Yan, Mohamed Abdel-aty, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Praveen ChilakapatiAbstract:This study focuses on validating a Driving Simulator using traffic and safety measures. To achieve the objective of this research, a signalized intersection that has one of the highest crash frequencies in Central Florida was replicated in the Driving Simulator system. Eight scenarios were designed at the intersection in a Driving Simulator experiment. Subjects were classified by gender and five age groups were recruited to test the eight scenarios. The experimental measurements from subjects performances in the Simulator were compared to speed observations in the field and safety trends based on police crash report analysis. It was found that drivers have similar speed behaviors and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator as found at the real intersection. Therefore, the experiment results validated the Driving Simulator, indicating that it could be an effective tool to be employed in Driving behavior research and traffic engineering studies.
Essam Radwan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Exploring Driving Simulator as a Traffic Safety Test Tool at Signalized Intersections
Plan Build and Manage Transportation Infrastructure in China, 2008Co-Authors: Mohamed Abdel-aty, Xuedong Yan, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Xiaohong ChenAbstract:This paper presents a novel perspective of Driving Simulator application on traffic safety: exploring Driving Simulator as a traffic safety test tool at signalized intersections. In support of this concept, a signalized intersection with as many important features (including roadway geometries, traffic control devices, intersection surroundings, and buildings) was replicated into the UCF (University of Central Florida) Driving Simulator. A series of Driving Simulator experiments for the intersection were conducted to determine if the subjects’ speed behaviors and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator were similar to what were found at the real intersection. The experiment results showed that the advanced Driving Simulators can be used as a valid tool to assess traffic safety at signalized intersection.
-
Validating a Driving Simulator using surrogate safety measures
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2008Co-Authors: Xuedong Yan, Mohamed Abdel-aty, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Praveen ChilakapatiAbstract:Traffic crash statistics and previous research have shown an increased risk of traffic crashes at signalized intersections. How to diagnose safety problems and develop effective countermeasures to reduce crash rate at intersections is a key task for traffic engineers and researchers. This study aims at investigating whether the Driving Simulator can be used as a valid tool to assess traffic safety at signalized intersections. In support of the research objective, this Simulator validity study was conducted from two perspectives, a traffic parameter (speed) and a safety parameter (crash history). A signalized intersection with as many important features (including roadway geometries, traffic control devices, intersection surroundings, and buildings) was replicated into a high-fidelity Driving Simulator. A Driving Simulator experiment with eight scenarios at the intersection were conducted to determine if the subjects’ speed behavior and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator were similar to what were found at the real intersection. The experiment results showed that speed data observed from the field and in the Simulator experiment both follow normal distributions and have equal means for each intersection approach, which validated the Driving Simulator in absolute terms. Furthermore, this study used an innovative approach of using surrogate safety measures from the Simulator to contrast with the crash analysis for the field data. The Simulator experiment results indicated that compared to the right-turn lane with the low rear-end crash history record (2 crashes), subjects showed a series of more risky behaviors at the right-turn lane with the high rear-end crash history record (16 crashes), including higher deceleration rate (1.80±1.20m/s2 versus 0.80±0.65m/s2), higher non-stop right-turn rate on red (81.67% versus 57.63%), higher right-turn speed as stop line (18.38±8.90km/h versus 14.68±6.04km/h), shorter following distance (30.19±13.43m versus 35.58±13.41m), and higher rear-end probability (9/59=0.153 versus 2/60=0.033). Therefore, the relative validity of Driving Simulator was well established for the traffic safety studies at signalized intersections.
-
Using Traffic and Safety Measures for Driving Simulator Validation
2007Co-Authors: Xuedong Yan, Mohamed Abdel-aty, Essam Radwan, Xuesong Wang, Praveen ChilakapatiAbstract:This study focuses on validating a Driving Simulator using traffic and safety measures. To achieve the objective of this research, a signalized intersection that has one of the highest crash frequencies in Central Florida was replicated in the Driving Simulator system. Eight scenarios were designed at the intersection in a Driving Simulator experiment. Subjects were classified by gender and five age groups were recruited to test the eight scenarios. The experimental measurements from subjects performances in the Simulator were compared to speed observations in the field and safety trends based on police crash report analysis. It was found that drivers have similar speed behaviors and traffic risk patterns in the Driving Simulator as found at the real intersection. Therefore, the experiment results validated the Driving Simulator, indicating that it could be an effective tool to be employed in Driving behavior research and traffic engineering studies.
-
Traffic Engineering Studies Using a Driving Simulator - Year 2
2005Co-Authors: Harold Klee, Essam RadwanAbstract:The primary objective of this project was to demonstrate the feasibility of using the University of Central Florida's interactive Driving Simulator to perform traffic engineering studies. Specifically, several scenarios involving the quality of service at a signalized intersection were investigated. This report describes the scenarios, the experiments conducted, the data collected, and some analysis of results. Findings and conclusions are directed more at the utility and practicality of using the Driving Simulator as a learning tool in helping to acquire a solid understanding of traffic operations. A follow-up study using the Simulator is needed to explore geometric design alternatives and their effect on the quality of service.
-
Driving Simulator TECHNOLOGIES
1999Co-Authors: Essam Radwan, Haitham Al-deek, C Bauer, H KleeAbstract:This report describes the University of Central Florida (UCF) Driving Simulator. Developed in 1985 as a "low cost" Driving Simulator, the UCF Driving Simulator was enhanced in 1995 to incorporate modern hardware and software technology. Included is a description of the UCF Driving Simulator validation study. Planned upgrades include improvements in the visual system and a motion platform, to be followed by further validation studies.
