The Experts below are selected from a list of 2247 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
H C Thode - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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AN EVALUATION OF THE USE OF IN-VEHICLE VIDEOTAPING OF DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) SUSPECTS
1996Co-Authors: A T Mccartt, M C Hammer, S Z Fuller, H C ThodeAbstract:This scientific poster describes outcome and operational evaluations of in-vehicle videotaping of Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) suspects. The outcome evaluation examined the effects of videotaping on prosecution and adjudication of DWI cases. DWI arrest and adjudication data were examined for San Diego (California) and Binghamton (New Yersey). For both agencies, the conviction rate for all DWI suspects was 97%, The marginal effects on the conviction rate of any intervention, including videotaping, would be difficult to detect. The operational evaluation used a case study design to focus in-depth on ten police agencies using in-vehicle videotaping. Ninety-three officers and 8 prosecutors were interviewed. Although the results of the outcome evaluation are equivocal, the operational evaluation indicates that in-vehicle videotaping aids in enforcement and prosecution of DWI cases. In-vehicle videotaping is useful for enforcement other than DWI and for protecting officers and agencies against false allegations of improper conduct. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 893891.
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IN-VEHICLE VIDEOTAPING OF DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) SUSPECTS. FINAL REPORT. VOLUME 1: OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS
1995Co-Authors: A T Mccartt, M C Hammer, S Z Fuller, H C ThodeAbstract:This study examines the effects of in-vehicle videotaping on the prosecution and adjudication of DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) cases for each of two cities: Binghamton (NY) and San Diego (CA). The analyses consisted of a set of comparisons between a program group, DWI suspects who were videotaped in the field, and a comparison group, DWI suspects who were not videotaped. The analyses included the use of logistic or stepwise multiple regression to determine the case characteristics, including the use of videotaping, associated with each outcome measure. The outcome measures included the rate of conviction, the violation of conviction, the elapsed time between arrest and disposition, and whether the case went to trial. The results for Binghamton support the hypothesis that the use of in-vehicle videotaping increases the likelihood of a DWI suspect's conviction during the study period 1991-1993. While having a prior DWI conviction increased the likelihood of a suspect's conviction for the charge of DWI rather than the lesser charge of Driving While ability impaired (DWAI), having a prior conviction and being videotaped increased that likelihood even more. In-vehicle videotaping was not associated with either the elapsed time between arrest and disposition or the occurrence of a trial, although the small number of trials limited the ability to draw meaningful inferences. The results for San Diego indicate that in-vehicle videotaping was not associated with the conviction rate, the violation of conviction, or the occurrence of a trial during the study period 1991-1993. It should be noted that for each agency, 97% of DWI suspects, including those who were videotaped and those who were not, were convicted during the study period. With such a high rate of conviction, the marginal effects of any intervention, including videotaping, would be difficult to detect.
Lance Hignite - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an examination of the influence of strength of evidence variables in the prosecution s decision to dismiss Driving While Intoxicated cases
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2012Co-Authors: Tana Mccoy, Patti Ross Salinas, Jeffrey T. Walker, Lance HigniteAbstract:The majority of research examining prosecutorial discretion has focused on legal factors such as the seriousness of the offense or the extra-legal characteristics of the accused including race/ethnicity and gender. The amount of variance explained by court researchers, however, remains quite low. The present study extends previous research examining the primary determinants of prosecutor’s decision to dismiss or fully prosecute focusing on Driving While Intoxicated cases. We focus on the predictive contribution of the strength of evidence relative to legal and extra-legal variables. The data consist of 2,358 Driving While Intoxicated cases filed in Harris County, Texas during the first 8 months of 1999. The findings strongly support the inclusion of strength of evidence variables in court research and further suggest their past omission may have attributed significance to spurious relationships.
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An Examination of the Influence of Strength of Evidence Variables in the Prosecution’s Decision to Dismiss Driving While Intoxicated Cases
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2011Co-Authors: Tana Mccoy, Patti Ross Salinas, Jeffrey T. Walker, Lance HigniteAbstract:The majority of research examining prosecutorial discretion has focused on legal factors such as the seriousness of the offense or the extra-legal characteristics of the accused including race/ethnicity and gender. The amount of variance explained by court researchers, however, remains quite low. The present study extends previous research examining the primary determinants of prosecutor’s decision to dismiss or fully prosecute focusing on Driving While Intoxicated cases. We focus on the predictive contribution of the strength of evidence relative to legal and extra-legal variables. The data consist of 2,358 Driving While Intoxicated cases filed in Harris County, Texas during the first 8 months of 1999. The findings strongly support the inclusion of strength of evidence variables in court research and further suggest their past omission may have attributed significance to spurious relationships.
James W. Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The prevention paradox, traffic safety, and Driving-While-Intoxicated treatment.
American journal of preventive medicine, 2004Co-Authors: W. Gill Woodall, Stephen J. Kunitz, Hongwei Zhao, Denise R. Wheeler, Verner S. Westerberg, James W. DavisAbstract:Abstract Background In San Juan County, New Mexico, a 28-day jail/treatment program for first-time Driving-While-Intoxicated (DWI) offenders was established in 1994 to reduce both DWI recidivism and alcohol-related crashes. This paper assesses the impact of the program on both outcomes. Methods The data are composed of Driving records of all people arrested for DWI in San Juan County from August 1994 through December 2001. Subsequent re-arrests and crashes were analyzed to compare people who had been sentenced to the jail/treatment program and those who had not. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used. Covariates included age, gender, blood alcohol content (BAC), number of prior arrests, and ethnicity (Native American, non-Hispanic white, and Hispanic). Results Re-arrest rates were significantly lower for the treatment than the nontreatment group. Each of the three major ethnic groups showed similar effects. This was not observed for subsequent alcohol-related crashes, possibly as a result of insufficient numbers. BAC and number of previous arrests were, however, significant risk factors for subsequent crashes. Finally, although BAC and previous arrests were important risk factors for subsequent crashes, the vast majority of subsequent alcohol-related crashes occurred among people in the intermediate risk ranges. Conclusions The jail/treatment program is effective in reducing the probability of DWI re-arrests. The evidence with respect to crashes is equivocal. That most crashes occur to people in the intermediate risk range exemplifies the prevention paradox, and means that the courts, which deal most severely with high-risk individuals, cannot be expected to have a major impact on alcohol-related crashes.
A T Mccartt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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AN EVALUATION OF THE USE OF IN-VEHICLE VIDEOTAPING OF DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) SUSPECTS
1996Co-Authors: A T Mccartt, M C Hammer, S Z Fuller, H C ThodeAbstract:This scientific poster describes outcome and operational evaluations of in-vehicle videotaping of Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) suspects. The outcome evaluation examined the effects of videotaping on prosecution and adjudication of DWI cases. DWI arrest and adjudication data were examined for San Diego (California) and Binghamton (New Yersey). For both agencies, the conviction rate for all DWI suspects was 97%, The marginal effects on the conviction rate of any intervention, including videotaping, would be difficult to detect. The operational evaluation used a case study design to focus in-depth on ten police agencies using in-vehicle videotaping. Ninety-three officers and 8 prosecutors were interviewed. Although the results of the outcome evaluation are equivocal, the operational evaluation indicates that in-vehicle videotaping aids in enforcement and prosecution of DWI cases. In-vehicle videotaping is useful for enforcement other than DWI and for protecting officers and agencies against false allegations of improper conduct. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 893891.
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IN-VEHICLE VIDEOTAPING OF DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) SUSPECTS. FINAL REPORT. VOLUME 1: OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS
1995Co-Authors: A T Mccartt, M C Hammer, S Z Fuller, H C ThodeAbstract:This study examines the effects of in-vehicle videotaping on the prosecution and adjudication of DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) cases for each of two cities: Binghamton (NY) and San Diego (CA). The analyses consisted of a set of comparisons between a program group, DWI suspects who were videotaped in the field, and a comparison group, DWI suspects who were not videotaped. The analyses included the use of logistic or stepwise multiple regression to determine the case characteristics, including the use of videotaping, associated with each outcome measure. The outcome measures included the rate of conviction, the violation of conviction, the elapsed time between arrest and disposition, and whether the case went to trial. The results for Binghamton support the hypothesis that the use of in-vehicle videotaping increases the likelihood of a DWI suspect's conviction during the study period 1991-1993. While having a prior DWI conviction increased the likelihood of a suspect's conviction for the charge of DWI rather than the lesser charge of Driving While ability impaired (DWAI), having a prior conviction and being videotaped increased that likelihood even more. In-vehicle videotaping was not associated with either the elapsed time between arrest and disposition or the occurrence of a trial, although the small number of trials limited the ability to draw meaningful inferences. The results for San Diego indicate that in-vehicle videotaping was not associated with the conviction rate, the violation of conviction, or the occurrence of a trial during the study period 1991-1993. It should be noted that for each agency, 97% of DWI suspects, including those who were videotaped and those who were not, were convicted during the study period. With such a high rate of conviction, the marginal effects of any intervention, including videotaping, would be difficult to detect.
Tana Mccoy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an examination of the influence of strength of evidence variables in the prosecution s decision to dismiss Driving While Intoxicated cases
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2012Co-Authors: Tana Mccoy, Patti Ross Salinas, Jeffrey T. Walker, Lance HigniteAbstract:The majority of research examining prosecutorial discretion has focused on legal factors such as the seriousness of the offense or the extra-legal characteristics of the accused including race/ethnicity and gender. The amount of variance explained by court researchers, however, remains quite low. The present study extends previous research examining the primary determinants of prosecutor’s decision to dismiss or fully prosecute focusing on Driving While Intoxicated cases. We focus on the predictive contribution of the strength of evidence relative to legal and extra-legal variables. The data consist of 2,358 Driving While Intoxicated cases filed in Harris County, Texas during the first 8 months of 1999. The findings strongly support the inclusion of strength of evidence variables in court research and further suggest their past omission may have attributed significance to spurious relationships.
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An Examination of the Influence of Strength of Evidence Variables in the Prosecution’s Decision to Dismiss Driving While Intoxicated Cases
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2011Co-Authors: Tana Mccoy, Patti Ross Salinas, Jeffrey T. Walker, Lance HigniteAbstract:The majority of research examining prosecutorial discretion has focused on legal factors such as the seriousness of the offense or the extra-legal characteristics of the accused including race/ethnicity and gender. The amount of variance explained by court researchers, however, remains quite low. The present study extends previous research examining the primary determinants of prosecutor’s decision to dismiss or fully prosecute focusing on Driving While Intoxicated cases. We focus on the predictive contribution of the strength of evidence relative to legal and extra-legal variables. The data consist of 2,358 Driving While Intoxicated cases filed in Harris County, Texas during the first 8 months of 1999. The findings strongly support the inclusion of strength of evidence variables in court research and further suggest their past omission may have attributed significance to spurious relationships.
