The Experts below are selected from a list of 77481 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Maria Cruz H De Carvalho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Drought Stress and reactive oxygen species production scavenging and signaling
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2008Co-Authors: Maria Cruz H De CarvalhoAbstract:As sessile organisms, plants have evolved mechanisms that allow them to adapt and survive periods of Drought Stress. One of the inevitable consequences of Drought Stress is enhanced ROS production in the different cellular compartments, namely in the chloroplasts, the peroxisomes and the mitochondria. This enhanced ROS production is however kept under tight control by a versatile and cooperative antioxidant system that modulates intracellular ROS concentration and sets the redox-status of the cell. Furthermore, ROS enhancement under Stress functions as an alarm signal that triggers acclimatory/defense responses by specific signal transduction pathways that involve H2O2 as secondary messenger. ROS signaling is linked to ABA, Ca2+ fluxes and sugar sensing and is likely to be involved both upstream and downstream of the ABA-dependent signaling pathways under Drought Stress. Nevertheless, if Drought Stress is prolonged over to a certain extent, ROS production will overwhelm the scavenging action of the antiox...
Maria Cruz De Carvalho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Drought Stress and reactive oxygen species: Production, scavenging and signaling
Plant Signaling and Behavior, 2008Co-Authors: Maria Cruz De CarvalhoAbstract:As sessile organisms, plants have evolved mechanisms that allow them to adapt and survive periods of Drought Stress. One of the inevitable consequences of Drought Stress is enhanced ROS production in the different cellular compartments, namely in the chloroplasts, the peroxisomes and the mitochondria. This enhanced ROS production is however kept under tight control by a versatile and cooperative antioxidant system that modulates intracellular ROS concentration and sets the redox‑status of the cell. Furthermore, ROS enhancement under Stress functions as an alarm signal that triggers acclimatory/defense responses by specific signal transduction pathways that involve H2O2 as secondary messenger. ROS signaling is linked to ABA, Ca2+ fluxes and sugar sensing and is likely to be involved both upstream and downstream of the ABA‑dependent signaling pathways under Drought Stress. Nevertheless, if Drought Stress is prolonged over to a certain extent, ROS production will overwhelm the scavenging action of the antioxidant system resulting in extensive cellular damage and death.
Muhammad Farooq - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant Drought Stress effects mechanisms and management
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2009Co-Authors: Muhammad Farooq, Abdul Wahid, Nobuya Kobayashi, Daisuke Fujita, S M A BasraAbstract:Scarcity of water is a severe environmental constraint to plant productivity. Drought-induced loss in crop yield probably exceeds losses from all other causes, since both the severity and duration of the Stress are critical. Here, we have reviewed the effects of Drought Stress on the growth, phenology, water and nutrient relations, photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning, and respiration in plants. This article also describes the mechanism of Drought resistance in plants on a morphological, physiological and molecular basis. Various management strategies have been proposed to cope with Drought Stress. Drought Stress reduces leaf size, stem extension and root proliferation, disturbs plant water relations and reduces water-use efficiency. Plants display a variety of physiological and biochemical responses at cellular and whole-organism levels towards prevailing Drought Stress, thus making it a complex phenomenon. CO2 assimilation by leaves is reduced mainly by stomatal closure, membrane damage and disturbed activity of various enzymes, especially those of CO2 fixation and adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Enhanced metabolite flux through the photorespiratory pathway increases the oxidative load on the tissues as both processes generate reactive oxygen species. Injury caused by reactive oxygen species to biological macromolecules under Drought Stress is among the major deterrents to growth. Plants display a range of mechanisms to withstand Drought Stress. The major mechanisms include curtailed water loss by increased diffusive resistance, enhanced water uptake with prolific and deep root systems and its efficient use, and smaller and succulent leaves to reduce the transpirational loss. Among the nutrients, potassium ions help in osmotic adjustment; silicon increases root endodermal silicification and improves the cell water balance. Low-molecular-weight osmolytes, including glycinebetaine, proline and other amino acids, organic acids, and polyols, are crucial to sustain cellular functions under Drought. Plant growth substances such as salicylic acid, auxins, gibberrellins, cytokinin and abscisic acid modulate the plant responses towards Drought. Polyamines, citrulline and several enzymes act as antioxidants and reduce the adverse effects of water deficit. At molecular levels several Drought-responsive genes and transcription factors have been identified, such as the dehydration-responsive element-binding gene, aquaporin, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and dehydrins. Plant Drought tolerance can be managed by adopting strategies such as mass screening and breeding, marker-assisted selection and exogenous application of hormones and osmoprotectants to seed or growing plants, as well as engineering for Drought resistance.
B. Venkateswarlu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Drought Stress responses in crops.
Functional & integrative genomics, 2014Co-Authors: Arun K. Shanker, M. Maheswari, S. K. Yadav, Suseelendra Desai, Divya Bhanu, Neha Bajaj Attal, B. VenkateswarluAbstract:Among the effects of impending climate change, Drought will have a profound impact on crop productivity in the future. Response to Drought Stress has been studied widely, and the model plant Arabidopsis has guided the studies on crop plants with genome sequence information viz., rice, wheat, maize and sorghum. Since the value of functions of genes, dynamics of pathways and interaction of networks for Drought tolerance in plants can only be judged by evidence from field performance, this mini-review provides a research update focussing on the current developments on the response to Drought in crop plants. Studies in Arabidopsis provide the basis for interpreting the available information in a systems biology perspective. In particular, the elucidation of the mechanism of Drought Stress response in crops is considered from evidence-based outputs emerging from recent omic studies in crops.
Haitao Shi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Overexpression of Banana ATG8f Modulates Drought Stress Resistance in Arabidopsis.
Biomolecules, 2019Co-Authors: Guoyin Liu, Yuqi Wang, Yunxie Wei, Haitao ShiAbstract:Autophagy is essential for plant growth, development, and Stress resistance. However, the involvement of banana autophagy-related genes in Drought Stress response and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study, we found that the transcripts of 10 banana ATG8s responded to Drought Stress in different ways, and MaATG8f with the highest transcript in response to Drought Stress among them was chosen for functional analysis. Overexpression of MaATG8f improved Drought Stress resistance in Arabidopsis, with lower malonaldehyde level and higher level of assimilation rate. On the one hand, overexpression of MaATG8f activated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase under Drought Stress conditions, so as to regulate reactive oxygen species accumulation. On the other hand, MaATG8f-overexpressing lines exhibited higher endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) level and more sensitivity to abscisic acid. Notably, the autophagosomes as visualized by CaMV35S::GFP–MaATG8f was activated after ABA treatment. Taken together, overexpression of MaATG8f positively regulated plant Drought Stress resistance through modulating reactive oxygen species metabolism, abscisic acid biosynthesis, and autophagic activity.
