The Experts below are selected from a list of 285 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernard J Brabin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nutritional factors in the pathogenesis of Ear Disease in children a systematic review
Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2010Co-Authors: M A Elemraid, Ian Mackenzie, William D Fraser, Bernard J BrabinAbstract:Background Ear Disease is a major health problem in poorly resourced countries. The role of nutritional deficiencies in its pathogenesis and in relation to chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has not been reviewed previously. Aim To evaluate the evidence linking specific nutrient deficiency with middle-Ear Disease and infection, particularly CSOM, and the potential influence of multi-micronutrient deficiency. Methods A systematic review was undertaken using Medline on Pubmed, SCOPUS, Cinahl on Ovid, the Cochrane Database of systematic reviews and selected medical journals, with no language restriction. Nutritional mechanisms potentially related to Ear Disease and CSOM risks were reviewed. All studies (observational, case-control, cohort and clinical trials including randomised controlled trials) with nutrition-related information were included. The titles and/or abstracts of all retrieved studies were reviewed and full articles were obtained for relevant studies. Exclusion criteria were multiple publication or studies which did not report nutritional information. Results Supplementation studies using single micronutrients and vitamins to determine efficacy in reducing acute or chronic otitis media provided some evidence for an association of middle-Ear pathology with deficiencies of zinc or vitamin A. Multi-micronutrient supplementation studies provided further support for a beneficial effect, although the number of studies was small and they were heterogeneous and uncontrolled. No human study was identified which specifically examined the association between copper, selenium or vitamin D status and middle-Ear Disease or infection. Conclusion Particularly in developing countries, resEarch on micronutrient status and vitamin deficiency and their influence on middle-Ear Disease is required to improve knowledge of the pathogenesis of middle-Ear infection and to determine the relevance of nutritional interventions in prevention and treatment.
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nutritional factors in the pathogenesis of Ear Disease in children a systematic review
Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 2009Co-Authors: M A Elemraid, Ian Mackenzie, William D Fraser, Bernard J BrabinAbstract:Abstract Background: Ear Disease is a major health problem in poorly resourced countries. The role of nutritional deficiencies in its pathogenesis and in relation to chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has not been reviewed previously. Methods: A systematic review was undertaken using Pubmed, SCOPUS, Cinahl on Ovid, the Cochrane Database and selected medical journals, with no language restriction. Nutritional mechanisms potentially related to Ear Disease and CSOM risks were reviewed. All studies (observational, case–control, cohort and clinical trials including randomised controlled trials) with nutrition-related information were included. The titles and/or abstracts of all retrieved studies were reviewed and full articles were obtained for relevant studies. Exclusion criteria were multiple publication or studies which did not report nutritional information. Results: Supplementation studies using single micronutrients and vitamins to determine efficacy in reducing acute or chronic otitis media provide...
Ellen M Mandel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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eustachian tube function in 6 yEar old children with and without a history of middle Ear Disease
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: Miriam S Teixeira, Douglas J Swarts, Margaretha L Casselbrant, Ellen M Mandel, Beverly C Richert, William J DoyleAbstract:ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that eustachian tube opening efficiency, measured as the fractional gradient equilibrated (FGE), is lower in 6-yEar-old children with no middle Ear Disease but a well-documented history of recurrent acute otitis media, as compared with children with a negative Disease history (control).Study DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTertiary care pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsBilateral eustachian tube function was evaluated in 44 healthy 6-yEar-old children (19 boys, 29 white). None had middle Ear Disease at the time of testing, but 23 had a history of recurrent acute otitis media. Twenty-one had no significant past otitis media. Eustachian tube function was measured with a pressure chamber protocol that established negative middle Ear gauge pressures (referenced to the chamber pressure) and recorded that pressure before and after a swallow. FGE was calculated as the change in middle Ear gauge pressure with swallowing divided by the preswallow pressure. Between-group comp...
Lawrence Z Meiteles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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eustachian tube endoscopy in patients with chronic Ear Disease
Laryngoscope, 2000Co-Authors: Christopher J Linstrom, Carol A Silverman, Arie Rosen, Lawrence Z MeitelesAbstract:Objectives/Hypothesis A paucity of resEarch exists on trans–eustachian tube endoscopy to evaluate the status of the eustachian tube. Fuller examination of the role of the eustachian tube in chronic Ear Disease is needed, particularly because the eustachian tube has been implicated in the chronicity and pathogenesis of chronic Ear Disease. Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate the eustachian tube, based on observations from trans–eustachian tube endoscopy. Study Design Twenty-two adult patients with chronic Ear Disease gave informed consent to participate in a prospective, trans–eustachian tube endoscopic investigation. Methods Flexible, fiberoptic, nonarticulating (outside diameter of 0.5 mm) and articulating (outside diameter of 1.0 mm) endoscopes (coherent fused bundle of 3,000 pixels) were employed. The eustachian tube endoscopy was performed under general endotracheal anesthesia as the initial part of a larger, otological surgical procedure for chronic Ear Disease. The endoscope was passed from the middle Ear (transtympanic approach) to the nasopharynx. Results The 0.5-mm endoscope passed entirely through the eustachian tube from the tympanic orifice into the pharyngeal orifice in 16% of the cases. Stenotic blockage occurred at the infundibulum in 37%, isthmus in 42%, and fossa of Rosenmuller in 5% of cases. The eustachian tube mucosa was abnormal in 64% of cases. The risk for abnormal eustachian tube mucosa was four times greater for persons with long-standing Disease (≥20 y) than for persons without long-standing Disease (<20 y). The mean therapeutic efficiency of ossicular reconstruction was higher for the subgroup with normal than for the subgroup with abnormal eustachian tube mucosa. Conclusions The findings of trans–eustachian tube endoscopy provide objective evidence concerning eustachian tube status in persons with chronic Ear Disease and have implications for the timing of surgical intervention (ossicular reconstruction).
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Eustachian tube endoscopy in patients with chronic Ear Disease.
Laryngoscope, 2000Co-Authors: Christopher J Linstrom, Carol A Silverman, Arie Rosen, Lawrence Z MeitelesAbstract:Objectives/Hypothesis A paucity of resEarch exists on trans–eustachian tube endoscopy to evaluate the status of the eustachian tube. Fuller examination of the role of the eustachian tube in chronic Ear Disease is needed, particularly because the eustachian tube has been implicated in the chronicity and pathogenesis of chronic Ear Disease. Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate the eustachian tube, based on observations from trans–eustachian tube endoscopy. Study Design Twenty-two adult patients with chronic Ear Disease gave informed consent to participate in a prospective, trans–eustachian tube endoscopic investigation. Methods Flexible, fiberoptic, nonarticulating (outside diameter of 0.5 mm) and articulating (outside diameter of 1.0 mm) endoscopes (coherent fused bundle of 3,000 pixels) were employed. The eustachian tube endoscopy was performed under general endotracheal anesthesia as the initial part of a larger, otological surgical procedure for chronic Ear Disease. The endoscope was passed from the middle Ear (transtympanic approach) to the nasopharynx. Results The 0.5-mm endoscope passed entirely through the eustachian tube from the tympanic orifice into the pharyngeal orifice in 16% of the cases. Stenotic blockage occurred at the infundibulum in 37%, isthmus in 42%, and fossa of Rosenmuller in 5% of cases. The eustachian tube mucosa was abnormal in 64% of cases. The risk for abnormal eustachian tube mucosa was four times greater for persons with long-standing Disease (≥20 y) than for persons without long-standing Disease (
Beverly C Richert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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eustachian tube function in 6 yEar old children with and without a history of middle Ear Disease
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: Miriam S Teixeira, Douglas J Swarts, Margaretha L Casselbrant, Ellen M Mandel, Beverly C Richert, William J DoyleAbstract:ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that eustachian tube opening efficiency, measured as the fractional gradient equilibrated (FGE), is lower in 6-yEar-old children with no middle Ear Disease but a well-documented history of recurrent acute otitis media, as compared with children with a negative Disease history (control).Study DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTertiary care pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsBilateral eustachian tube function was evaluated in 44 healthy 6-yEar-old children (19 boys, 29 white). None had middle Ear Disease at the time of testing, but 23 had a history of recurrent acute otitis media. Twenty-one had no significant past otitis media. Eustachian tube function was measured with a pressure chamber protocol that established negative middle Ear gauge pressures (referenced to the chamber pressure) and recorded that pressure before and after a swallow. FGE was calculated as the change in middle Ear gauge pressure with swallowing divided by the preswallow pressure. Between-group comp...
William J Doyle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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eustachian tube function in 6 yEar old children with and without a history of middle Ear Disease
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: Miriam S Teixeira, Douglas J Swarts, Margaretha L Casselbrant, Ellen M Mandel, Beverly C Richert, William J DoyleAbstract:ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that eustachian tube opening efficiency, measured as the fractional gradient equilibrated (FGE), is lower in 6-yEar-old children with no middle Ear Disease but a well-documented history of recurrent acute otitis media, as compared with children with a negative Disease history (control).Study DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTertiary care pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsBilateral eustachian tube function was evaluated in 44 healthy 6-yEar-old children (19 boys, 29 white). None had middle Ear Disease at the time of testing, but 23 had a history of recurrent acute otitis media. Twenty-one had no significant past otitis media. Eustachian tube function was measured with a pressure chamber protocol that established negative middle Ear gauge pressures (referenced to the chamber pressure) and recorded that pressure before and after a swallow. FGE was calculated as the change in middle Ear gauge pressure with swallowing divided by the preswallow pressure. Between-group comp...
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eustachian tube opening measured by sonotubometry is poorer in adults with a history of past middle Ear Disease
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2014Co-Authors: Miriam S Teixeira, Juliane Banks, Douglas J Swarts, Cuneyt M Alper, William J DoyleAbstract:Objective Test the hypothesis that active Eustachian tube opening efficiency as measured by sonotubometry is higher in adults with no extant middle-Ear Disease and no history of previous otitis media (Group-1) when compared to adults with no middle-Ear Disease but a positive history for otitis media (Group-2).
