Early Marriage

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Lotus Mcdougal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • students and brides a qualitative analysis of the relationship between girls education and Early Marriage in ethiopia and india
    BMC Public Health, 2019
    Co-Authors: Marissa Salazar, Emma C Jackson, Katherine A Mcclendon, Yemeserach Belayneh, Natalie Wyss, Aarushi Khanna, Lotus Mcdougal
    Abstract:

    Early Marriage (< 18 years) is associated with education cessation among girls. Little research has qualitatively assessed how girls build resiliency in affected contexts. This study examines these issues in Oromia, Ethiopia and Jharkhand, India among girls and their decision-makers exposed to Early Marriage prevention programs. Qualitative interviews were conducted with girls who received the intervention programs and subsequently either a) married prior to age 18 or b) cancelled/postponed their proposed Early Marriage. Girls also selected up to three marital decision-makers for inclusion in the study. Participants (N = 207) were asked about the value and enablers of, and barriers to, girls’ education and the interplay of these themes with Marriage, as part of a larger in-depth interview on Early Marriage. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using latent content analysis. Participants recognized the benefits of girls’ education, including increased self-efficacy and life skills for girls and opportunity for economic development. A girl’s capacity and desire for education, as well as her self-efficacy to demand it, were key psychological assets supporting school retention. Social support from parents and teachers was also important, as was social support from in-laws and husbands to continue school subsequent to Marriage. Post-Marriage education was nonetheless viewed as difficult, particularly subsequent to childbirth. Other noted barriers to girls’ education included social norms against girls’ education and for Early Marriage, financial barriers, and poor value of education. Social norms of Early Marriage, financial burden of school fees, and minimal opportunity for girls beyond Marriage affect girls’ education. Nonetheless, some girls manifest psychological resiliency in these settings and, with support from parents and teachers, are able to stay in school and delay Marriage. Unfortunately, girls less academically inclined, and those who do marry Early, are less supported by family and existing programs to remain in school; programmatic efforts should be expanded to include educational support for married and childbearing girls as well as options for women and girls beyond Marriage.

  • beyond the statistic exploring the process of Early Marriage decision making using qualitative findings from ethiopia and india
    BMC Women's Health, 2018
    Co-Authors: Lotus Mcdougal, Emma C Jackson, Katherine A Mcclendon, Yemeserach Belayneh, Anand Sinha
    Abstract:

    Early Marriage of girls (Marriage < 18 years) is a pervasive abuse of rights that compromises maternal and child health. The common conceptualization of this practice as an outcome undermines the nuanced and sometimes protracted decision-making process of whom and when to marry. This paper uses qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with females aged 13–23 years who participated in child Marriage prevention programs and either married Early or cancelled/postponed Early Marriage, and their key marital decision-makers in Oromia, Ethiopia (n = 105) and Jharkhand, India (n = 100). Social norms and the loss of a parent were stressors sustaining Early Marriage across contexts. Participants described three stages of Early Marriage: initiation, negotiation and final decision-making. Girls were infrequently involved in the initiation of Early Marriage proposals, though their decision-making autonomy was greater in groom-initiated proposals. The negotiation phase was most open to extra-familial influences such as Early Marriage prevention program staff and teachers. Across settings, fathers were the most important final decision-makers. The breadth and number of individual and social influences involved in marital decision-making in these settings means that effective Early Marriage prevention efforts must involve girls, families and communities. While underlying norms need to be addressed, programs should also engage and enable the choice, voice and agency of girls. Empowerment was important in this sample, but generally required additional social resources and support to have impact. Girls with greater social vulnerability, such as those without a male caretaker, had more compromised voice, choice and agency with regards to Early Marriage. Understanding Early Marriage decision-making as a process, rather than an endpoint, will better equip programs and policies that aim to eliminate Early Marriage to address the underlying norms that perpetuate this practice, and is an important lens through which to support the health and human rights of women and girls globally.

  • Beyond the statistic: exploring the process of Early Marriage decision-making using qualitative findings from Ethiopia and India
    BMC Women's Health, 2018
    Co-Authors: Lotus Mcdougal, Emma C Jackson, Katherine A Mcclendon, Yemeserach Belayneh, Anand Sinha
    Abstract:

    Early Marriage of girls (Marriage

Mairead Dunne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • intergenerational education effects of Early Marriage in sub saharan africa
    World Development, 2017
    Co-Authors: Marcos Delprato, Kwame Akyeampong, Mairead Dunne
    Abstract:

    This paper analyzes the evolution of the effects on educational inequality of Early Marriage by looking at the impact of whether women had married young on their children’s schooling outcomes for 25–32 countries (Demographic and Health Surveys) in 2000 and 2010 for Sub-Saharan Africa. We also explore indirect pathways—mother’s education, health, and empowerment as well as community channels—operating from Early Marriage to child schooling and assess the presence of negative externalities for non-Early married mothers and their children on education transmission in communities with large rates of child Marriage. In our econometric analysis we employ OLS, matching, instrumental variables, and pseudo-panel for a better understanding of changes over time. Our results show that Early Marriage is still a significant source of inequality, though its impact has decreased across time: girls born to Early married mothers are between 6% and 11% more likely to never been to school and 1.6% and 1.7% to enter late, and 3.3% and 5.1% less likely to complete primary school, whereas boys are between 5.2% and 8.8% more likely to never been to school and 1% and 1.9% to enter late, and 2.3% and 5.5% less likely to complete primary school. Second, child Marriage increases gender inequality within household’s with girls losing an additional 0.07years of schooling as compared to boys if born to Early married mothers. Third, our estimates show that mother’s education and health mediate some of the effect of Early Marriage and that the large prevalence of child Marriage in a community also impairs educational transmission for non-Early married mothers. Fourth, empowering of young wives can weaken other channels of transmission of education inequalities. Overall, our findings highlight the need to target these children with the appropriate interventions and support to achieve the greater focus on equity in the global post-2015 education agenda.

Marcos Delprato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • intergenerational education effects of Early Marriage in sub saharan africa
    World Development, 2017
    Co-Authors: Marcos Delprato, Kwame Akyeampong, Mairead Dunne
    Abstract:

    This paper analyzes the evolution of the effects on educational inequality of Early Marriage by looking at the impact of whether women had married young on their children’s schooling outcomes for 25–32 countries (Demographic and Health Surveys) in 2000 and 2010 for Sub-Saharan Africa. We also explore indirect pathways—mother’s education, health, and empowerment as well as community channels—operating from Early Marriage to child schooling and assess the presence of negative externalities for non-Early married mothers and their children on education transmission in communities with large rates of child Marriage. In our econometric analysis we employ OLS, matching, instrumental variables, and pseudo-panel for a better understanding of changes over time. Our results show that Early Marriage is still a significant source of inequality, though its impact has decreased across time: girls born to Early married mothers are between 6% and 11% more likely to never been to school and 1.6% and 1.7% to enter late, and 3.3% and 5.1% less likely to complete primary school, whereas boys are between 5.2% and 8.8% more likely to never been to school and 1% and 1.9% to enter late, and 2.3% and 5.5% less likely to complete primary school. Second, child Marriage increases gender inequality within household’s with girls losing an additional 0.07years of schooling as compared to boys if born to Early married mothers. Third, our estimates show that mother’s education and health mediate some of the effect of Early Marriage and that the large prevalence of child Marriage in a community also impairs educational transmission for non-Early married mothers. Fourth, empowering of young wives can weaken other channels of transmission of education inequalities. Overall, our findings highlight the need to target these children with the appropriate interventions and support to achieve the greater focus on equity in the global post-2015 education agenda.

  • on the impact of Early Marriage on schooling outcomes in sub saharan africa and south west asia
    International Journal of Educational Development, 2015
    Co-Authors: Marcos Delprato, Kwame Akyeampong, Ricardo Sabates, Jimena Hernandezfernandez
    Abstract:

    This paper examines the effect of age of Marriage on women's schooling outcomes for 36 countries from Sub-Saharan Africa and South West Asia. We employ an instrumental variable approach to account for the endogeneity of Early Marriage driven by socio-economic and cultural factors. Our results show that delaying Early Marriage by one year is associated with an increase of half a year of education in Sub-Saharan Africa and nEarly one third of a year of education in South West Asia as well as a lower likelihood of dropping out from secondary school of 5.5% in South West Asia.

Judithann Walker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Early Marriage in africa trends harmful effects and interventions
    African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2012
    Co-Authors: Judithann Walker
    Abstract:

    This article explores the pattern of Early Marriage in Africa. It focuses on the sub-Saharan region as an area with the highest rates of Early Marriage in the world. The harmful effects of Early Marriage are explored in terms of impact on the health, education and economic well-being of young girls. The paper outlines a framework for analyzing global, regional and local initiatives to curb Early Marriage and examines the application of these interventions in sub-Saharan countries. Regional patterns are then examined and countries which have made progress in reducing age of Marriage are compared to countries in which age of Marriage amongst girls has reminded low. The paper concludes on the note that countries with the highest rates of Early Marriage are also the countries with the highest rates of poverty and highest population growth rates. The paper argues for a sub-regional strategy to address the problem of Early Marriage in the zone with the highest incidence. Cet article explore la tendance du mariage precoce en Afrique. Il met l’accent sur la region subsaharienne en tant qu’une region qui possede les taux de mariage precoce les plus eleves du monde. On a etudie les effets nocifs du mariage precoce dans le contexte de l’impact sur la sante, l’education et le bien-etre economique des jeunes filles. L’article presente un cadre qui permet de faire l’analyse des initiatives globales, regionales et locales pour reduire le mariage precoce et etudie l’application de ces interventions dans les pays subsahariens. Les tendances regionales sont alors examinees et on a fait une comparaison entre les pays qui ont fait du progres concernant la reduction de l’âge de mariage chez les filles est reste bas. L’article conclut que les pays qui ont les taux de mariage precoce les plus eleves sont aussi les pays qui ont les taux de pauvrete les plus eleves et les taux de croissance demographique les plus eleves. L’article preconise une strategie sous-regionale pour s’occuper du probleme de mariage precoce dans la zone ou l’incidence est la plus elevee.

  • Early Marriage in Africa – Trends, Harmful Effects and Interventions
    African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2012
    Co-Authors: Judithann Walker
    Abstract:

    This article explores the pattern of Early Marriage in Africa. It focuses on the sub-Saharan region as an area with the highest rates of Early Marriage in the world. The harmful effects of Early Marriage are explored in terms of impact on the health, education and economic well-being of young girls. The paper outlines a framework for analyzing global, regional and local initiatives to curb Early Marriage and examines the application of these interventions in sub-Saharan countries. Regional patterns are then examined and countries which have made progress in reducing age of Marriage are compared to countries in which age of Marriage amongst girls has reminded low. The paper concludes on the note that countries with the highest rates of Early Marriage are also the countries with the highest rates of poverty and highest population growth rates. The paper argues for a sub-regional strategy to address the problem of Early Marriage in the zone with the highest incidence. Cet article explore la tendance du mariage precoce en Afrique. Il met l’accent sur la region subsaharienne en tant qu’une region qui possede les taux de mariage precoce les plus eleves du monde. On a etudie les effets nocifs du mariage precoce dans le contexte de l’impact sur la sante, l’education et le bien-etre economique des jeunes filles. L’article presente un cadre qui permet de faire l’analyse des initiatives globales, regionales et locales pour reduire le mariage precoce et etudie l’application de ces interventions dans les pays subsahariens. Les tendances regionales sont alors examinees et on a fait une comparaison entre les pays qui ont fait du progres concernant la reduction de l’âge de mariage chez les filles est reste bas. L’article conclut que les pays qui ont les taux de mariage precoce les plus eleves sont aussi les pays qui ont les taux de pauvrete les plus eleves et les taux de croissance demographique les plus eleves. L’article preconise une strategie sous-regionale pour s’occuper du probleme de mariage precoce dans la zone ou l’incidence est la plus elevee.

Hassan Eftekhar Ardabili - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • determinants of Early Marriage from married girls perspectives in iranian setting a qualitative study
    Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2016
    Co-Authors: Simin Montazeri, Maryam Gharacheh, Nooredin Mohammadi, Hassan Eftekhar Ardabili
    Abstract:

    Early Marriage is a worldwide problem associated with a range of health and social consequences for teenage girls. Designing effective health interventions for managing Early Marriage needs to apply the community-based approaches. However, it has received less attention from policymakers and health researchers in Iran. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore determinants of Early Marriage from married girls' perspectives. The study was conducted from May 2013 to January 2015 in Ahvaz, Iran. A purposeful sampling method was used to select fifteen eligible participants. Data were collected through face-to-face, semistructured interviews and were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. Three categories emerged from the qualitative data including "family structure," "Low autonomy in decision-making," and "response to needs." According to the results, although the participants were not ready to get married and intended to postpone their Marriage, multiple factors such as individual and contextual factors propelled them to Early Marriage. Given that Early Marriage is a multifactorial problem, health care providers should consider a multidimensional approach to support and empower these vulnerable girls.