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Adam J Moeser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review innovation through research in the north american pork industry
Animal, 2019Co-Authors: R D Boyd, C E Zierrush, Adam J Moeser, M Culbertson, K R Stewart, D S Rosero, J F PatienceAbstract:Abstract This article involved a broad search of applied sciences for milestone technologies we deem to be the most significant innovations applied by the North American pork industry, during the past 10 to 12 years. Several innovations shifted the trajectory of improvement or resolved significant production limitations. Each is being integrated into practice, with the exception being gene editing technology, which is undergoing the federal approval process. Advances in molecular genomics have been applied to gene editing for control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and to identify piglet genome contributions from each parent. Post-cervical artificial insemination technology is not novel, but this technology is now used extensively to accelerate the rate of genetic progress. A milestone was achieved with the discovery that dietary essential fatty acids, during lactation, were limiting reproduction. Their provision resulted in a dose-related response for pregnancy, pregnancy maintenance and litter size, especially in maturing sows and ultimately resolved seasonal infertility. The benefit of segregated Early Weaning (12 to 14 days of age) was realized for specific pathogen removal for genetic nucleus and multiplication. Application was premature for commercial practice, as piglet mortality and morbidity increased. Early Weaning impairs intestinal barrier and mucosal innate immune development, which coincides with diminished resilience to pathogens and viability later in life. Two important milestones were achieved to improve precision nutrition for growing pigs. The first involved the updated publication of the National Research Council nutrient requirements for pigs, a collaboration between scientists from America and Canada. Precision nutrition advanced further when ingredient description, for metabolically available amino acids and net energy (by source plant), became a private sector nutrition product. The past decade also led to fortuitous discoveries of health-improving components in ingredients (xylanase, soybeans). Finally, two technologies converged to facilitate timely detection of multiple pathogens in a population: oral fluids sampling and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for pathogen analysis. Most critical diseases in North America are now routinely monitored by oral fluid sampling and prepared for analysis using PCR methods.
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Early Weaning stress induces chronic functional diarrhea intestinal barrier defects and increased mast cell activity in a porcine model of Early life adversity
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2017Co-Authors: Calvin S Pohl, Julia E Medland, Emily Mackey, Laura Edwards, Kristen Bagley, Morgan P Dewilde, Kurt J Williams, Adam J MoeserAbstract:Background Early life adversity (ELA) is a risk factor for development of gastrointestinal disorders later in life. The underlying mechanisms through which ELA and sex interact to influence disease susceptibility remains poorly understood. Methods Utilizing a porcine Early Weaning stress (EWS) model to mimic ELA, we investigated the long-term effects of EWS on functional diarrhea, ileal permeability, mast cell activity and mast cell relationship with enteric ganglia. Key Results Juvenile and adult EWS pigs exhibited chronic, functional diarrhea (EWS 43.6% vs late wean control(LWC) 4.8%, P<.0001), increased intestinal permeability (2 fold increase EWS vs LWC, P<.0001), and mast cell numbers (at 7 weeks and 20 weeks ~1.6 fold increase EWS vs LWC, P<.05). Compared with EWS male castrates (Male-C), females EWS pigs exhibited more frequent diarrhea (58.8% vs 29.9%, P=.0016), and increased intestinal permeability (1-2 fold higher in EWS females, P<.001). Increased mast cell numbers and their enhanced co-localization with neuronal ganglia were observed in both Male-C and female EWS pigs; however, female pigs exhibited greater release of mast cell tryptase upon activation with c48/80 (~1.5 fold increase, P<.05), compared with Male-C pigs. Conclusions and Inferences These data demonstrate that pigs exposed to ELA exhibit increased vulnerability to functional diarrhea, intestinal permeability and mast cell activity. Further, these studies also showed that EWS female and Male-C pigs exhibited dimorphic responses to EWS with female piglets exhibited greater susceptibility and severity of diarrhea, intestinal permeability and mast cell tryptase release. Together, these findings mimic some of the key pathophysiologic findings in human functional GI disorders functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) suggesting that the EWS porcine model could be a valuable preclinical translational model for FGID research associated with ELA.
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Early Weaning stress in pigs impairs innate mucosal immune responses to enterotoxigenic e coli challenge and exacerbates intestinal injury and clinical disease
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Brittney Mclamb, Amelia Gibson, Elizabeth L Overman, Chad H Stahl, Adam J MoeserAbstract:Background and Aims The clinical onset and severity of intestinal disorders in humans and animals can be profoundly impacted by Early life stress. Here we investigated the impact of Early Weaning stress in pigs on intestinal physiology, clinical disease, and immune response to subsequent challenge with enterotoxigenic F18 E. coli (ETEC).
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Early Weaning stress impairs development of mucosal barrier function in the porcine intestine
American Journal of Physiology-gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Feli Smith, Jessica E Clark, Beth L Overman, Christena C Tozel, Jennifer H Huang, Jean Rivier, Anthony T Blisklager, Adam J MoeserAbstract:Early life stress is a predisposing factor for the development of chronic intestinal disorders in adult life. Here, we show that stress associated with Early Weaning in pigs leads to impaired mucos...
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Early Weaning stress impairs development of mucosal barrier function in the porcine intestine
American Journal of Physiology-gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Feli Smith, Jessica E Clark, Beth L Overman, Christena C Tozel, Jennifer H Huang, Jean Rivier, Anthony T Blisklager, Adam J MoeserAbstract:Early life stress is a predisposing factor for the development of chronic intestinal disorders in adult life. Here, we show that stress associated with Early Weaning in pigs leads to impaired mucosal barrier function. Early Weaning (15- to 21-day Weaning age) resulted in sustained impairment in intestinal barrier function, as indicated by reductions in jejunal transepithelial electrical resistance and elevations in mucosal-to-serosal flux of paracellular probes [3H]mannitol and [14C]inulin measured at 5 and 9 wk of age, compared with that shown in late-weaned pigs (23- to 28-day Weaning age). Elevated baseline short-circuit current was observed in jejunum from Early-weaned pigs and was shown to be mediated via enhanced Cl− secretion. Jejunal barrier dysfunction in Early-weaned pigs coincided with increased lamina propria immune cell density particularly mucosal mast cells. The mast cell stabilizer drug sodium cromoglycolate ameliorated barrier dysfunction and hypersecretion in Early-weaned pigs, demonstrating an important role of mast cells. Furthermore, activation of mast cells ex vivo with c48/80 and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) in pig jejunum mounted in Ussing chambers induced barrier dysfunction and elevations in short-circuit current that were inhibited with mast cell protease inhibitors. Experiments in which selective CRF receptor antagonists were administered to Early-weaned pigs revealed that CRF receptor 1 (CRFr1) activation mediates barrier dysfunction and hypersecretion, whereas CRFr2 activation may be responsible for novel protective properties in the porcine intestine in response to Early life stress.
Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass, serum cholesterol and testis mass. At 60 days, EWC60 and EWFO60 groups showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWFF60 group showed lower (p < 0.05) serum cholesterol (vs. EWC60 and EWFO60) and higher (p < 0.05) testis mass (vs. C60, EWC60 and EWFO60). Flaxseed flour (vs. oil) was associated with higher testis mass following Early Weaning.
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Effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning.
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p
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Flaxseed flour, compared to flaxseed oil, contributes to femoral structure in male rats subjected to Early Weaning
Food & Function, 2016Co-Authors: Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Luanna Rodrigues Da Costa, Maitê Rocha Ferreira, Maíra Duque Coutinho De Abreu, Letícia Rozeno Pessoa, Aline D’avila Pereira, Danielle Cavalcante Ribeiro, Eduardo Moreira Da Silva, Carlos Alberto Soares Da CostaAbstract:The aim of this study was to analyze whether flaxseed flour or flaxseed oil treatment contributes to femoral structure in male rats subjected to Early Weaning. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) or 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control (C60) was fed with the control diet. The EW group was divided based on control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) diets until 60 days. Femoral dimension, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), area and biomechanical properties were determined. EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) femur mass. EWC60 and EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) distance between epiphyses, diaphysis width and BMD. BMC was lower (P < 0.05) in EWC60 (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWC60 and EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) maximum force (vs. C60). Breaking strength was lower (P < 0.05) in EWFO60 (vs. C60). EWFF60 showed higher (P < 0.05) rigidity. Flaxseed flour abbreviated the femoral fragility secondary to Early Weaning.
Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass, serum cholesterol and testis mass. At 60 days, EWC60 and EWFO60 groups showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWFF60 group showed lower (p < 0.05) serum cholesterol (vs. EWC60 and EWFO60) and higher (p < 0.05) testis mass (vs. C60, EWC60 and EWFO60). Flaxseed flour (vs. oil) was associated with higher testis mass following Early Weaning.
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Effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning.
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p
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Flaxseed flour, compared to flaxseed oil, contributes to femoral structure in male rats subjected to Early Weaning
Food & Function, 2016Co-Authors: Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Luanna Rodrigues Da Costa, Maitê Rocha Ferreira, Maíra Duque Coutinho De Abreu, Letícia Rozeno Pessoa, Aline D’avila Pereira, Danielle Cavalcante Ribeiro, Eduardo Moreira Da Silva, Carlos Alberto Soares Da CostaAbstract:The aim of this study was to analyze whether flaxseed flour or flaxseed oil treatment contributes to femoral structure in male rats subjected to Early Weaning. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) or 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control (C60) was fed with the control diet. The EW group was divided based on control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) diets until 60 days. Femoral dimension, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), area and biomechanical properties were determined. EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) femur mass. EWC60 and EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) distance between epiphyses, diaphysis width and BMD. BMC was lower (P < 0.05) in EWC60 (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWC60 and EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) maximum force (vs. C60). Breaking strength was lower (P < 0.05) in EWFO60 (vs. C60). EWFF60 showed higher (P < 0.05) rigidity. Flaxseed flour abbreviated the femoral fragility secondary to Early Weaning.
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Brain development in male rats subjected to Early Weaning and treated with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil after 21 days until 60 days.
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 2015Co-Authors: Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, L. Rodrigues Da Costa, H. Saldanha Melo, M. Duque Coutinho De Abreu, L. Rozeno Pessoa, P. C. Alves Da Silva, M. Rocha Ferreira, A. D’avila Pereira, D. Cavalcante RibeiroAbstract:The precocious interruption of lactation is a prime factor for developmental plasticity. Here we analyzed whether flour or flaxseed oil treatment contributes to body and brain mass in male rats subjected to Early Weaning. Pups were weaned for separation from their mother at 14 (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). At 21 days, some of the pups were evaluated (C21 v. EW21). After 21 days, control pups (C60) were fed a control diet. EW pups were divided into those fed a control diet (EWC60), those given flaxseed flour (EWFF60), and those given flaxseed oil (EWFO60) until 60 days. EW21 showed lower body and absolute brain mass and higher relative brain mass. At 60 days, EWC60 and EWFO60 had lower body mass. With regard to relative brain mass, EWC60 was heavier; EWFO60 had lower values compared with EWC60 and higher values compared with C60 and EWFF60. These results indicated that flaxseed flour, in comparison with flaxseed oil, contributes to brain development after EW.
Gilson Teles Boaventura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass, serum cholesterol and testis mass. At 60 days, EWC60 and EWFO60 groups showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWFF60 group showed lower (p < 0.05) serum cholesterol (vs. EWC60 and EWFO60) and higher (p < 0.05) testis mass (vs. C60, EWC60 and EWFO60). Flaxseed flour (vs. oil) was associated with higher testis mass following Early Weaning.
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Effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning.
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p
Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass, serum cholesterol and testis mass. At 60 days, EWC60 and EWFO60 groups showed lower (p < 0.05) body mass (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWFF60 group showed lower (p < 0.05) serum cholesterol (vs. EWC60 and EWFO60) and higher (p < 0.05) testis mass (vs. C60, EWC60 and EWFO60). Flaxseed flour (vs. oil) was associated with higher testis mass following Early Weaning.
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Effects of flour or flaxseed oil upon testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning.
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Soares Da Costa, Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Gilson Teles BoaventuraAbstract:Study evaluates testis mass in rats subjected to Early Weaning and subsequently nourished with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control group (C60) was nourished with control diet. EW was divided as: control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) group diets for the next 60 days. At 21st and 60th day, body mass, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and testis mass were evaluated. At 21 day, EW group showed lower (p
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Flaxseed flour, compared to flaxseed oil, contributes to femoral structure in male rats subjected to Early Weaning
Food & Function, 2016Co-Authors: Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, Luanna Rodrigues Da Costa, Maitê Rocha Ferreira, Maíra Duque Coutinho De Abreu, Letícia Rozeno Pessoa, Aline D’avila Pereira, Danielle Cavalcante Ribeiro, Eduardo Moreira Da Silva, Carlos Alberto Soares Da CostaAbstract:The aim of this study was to analyze whether flaxseed flour or flaxseed oil treatment contributes to femoral structure in male rats subjected to Early Weaning. Pups were weaned for separation from mothers at 14 days (Early Weaning, EW) or 21 days (control, C). After 21 days, the control (C60) was fed with the control diet. The EW group was divided based on control (EWC60), flaxseed flour (EWFF60) and flaxseed oil (EWFO60) diets until 60 days. Femoral dimension, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), area and biomechanical properties were determined. EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) femur mass. EWC60 and EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) distance between epiphyses, diaphysis width and BMD. BMC was lower (P < 0.05) in EWC60 (vs. C60 and EWFF60). EWC60 and EWFO60 showed lower (P < 0.05) maximum force (vs. C60). Breaking strength was lower (P < 0.05) in EWFO60 (vs. C60). EWFF60 showed higher (P < 0.05) rigidity. Flaxseed flour abbreviated the femoral fragility secondary to Early Weaning.
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Brain development in male rats subjected to Early Weaning and treated with diet containing flour or flaxseed oil after 21 days until 60 days.
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 2015Co-Authors: Carolina Ribeiro Pessanha, Bianca Ferolla Da Camara Boueri, L. Rodrigues Da Costa, H. Saldanha Melo, M. Duque Coutinho De Abreu, L. Rozeno Pessoa, P. C. Alves Da Silva, M. Rocha Ferreira, A. D’avila Pereira, D. Cavalcante RibeiroAbstract:The precocious interruption of lactation is a prime factor for developmental plasticity. Here we analyzed whether flour or flaxseed oil treatment contributes to body and brain mass in male rats subjected to Early Weaning. Pups were weaned for separation from their mother at 14 (Early Weaning, EW) and 21 days (control, C). At 21 days, some of the pups were evaluated (C21 v. EW21). After 21 days, control pups (C60) were fed a control diet. EW pups were divided into those fed a control diet (EWC60), those given flaxseed flour (EWFF60), and those given flaxseed oil (EWFO60) until 60 days. EW21 showed lower body and absolute brain mass and higher relative brain mass. At 60 days, EWC60 and EWFO60 had lower body mass. With regard to relative brain mass, EWC60 was heavier; EWFO60 had lower values compared with EWC60 and higher values compared with C60 and EWFF60. These results indicated that flaxseed flour, in comparison with flaxseed oil, contributes to brain development after EW.
