The Experts below are selected from a list of 228690 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Naofumi Nakagawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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despotic wild patas monkeys erythrocebus patas in kala maloue cameroon
American Journal of Primatology, 2008Co-Authors: Naofumi NakagawaAbstract:The socio-Ecological Model predicts that the quality, distribution, and patch size of food resources determines the dominance hierarchy of female monkeys based on the type of food competition they experience. Comparative studies of closely related species have evaluated the socio-Ecological Model and confirmed its validity. For example, female patas monkeys in Laikipia, Kenya, form a nonlinear and unstable dominance hierarchy (i.e., egalitarian), whereas females of sympatric, closely related savannah monkeys form a linear and stable dominance hierarchy (i.e., despotic), in accordance with the Model's predictions of the characteristics of food resources. I compared agonistic interactions involving food between patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and sympatric savannah monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) in Kala Maloue, Cameroon. I found linear dominance hierarchies not only in savannah monkeys, but also in patas monkeys in Kala Maloue. The rates of agonistic interactions during feeding between patas monkeys were equivalent to those between savannah monkeys in Kala Maloue; further, these rates were significantly higher than those of both Laikipia patas and savannah monkeys. The results imply that patas monkeys in Kala Maloue are not egalitarian, but are despotic, similar to savannah monkeys. Disparity in the dominance hierarchies of patas monkeys between Kala Maloue and Laikipia were attributable to the differences in the characteristics of food resources. Although patas monkeys in Laikipia subsist on small and dispersed food resources within a high-density area, those in Kala Maloue subsisted on food resources that were clumped in intermediate-sized patches within a low-density area. This study shows that the socio-Ecological Model is applicable not only for interspecific comparisons but also for intraspecific comparisons. Am. J. Primatol. 70:238–246, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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despotic wild patas monkeys erythrocebus patas in kala maloue cameroon
American Journal of Primatology, 2008Co-Authors: Naofumi NakagawaAbstract:The socio-Ecological Model predicts that the quality, distribution, and patch size of food resources determines the dominance hierarchy of female monkeys based on the type of food competition they experience. Comparative studies of closely related species have evaluated the socio-Ecological Model and confirmed its validity. For example, female patas monkeys in Laikipia, Kenya, form a nonlinear and unstable dominance hierarchy (i.e., egalitarian), whereas females of sympatric, closely related savannah monkeys form a linear and stable dominance hierarchy (i.e., despotic), in accordance with the Model's predictions of the characteristics of food resources. I compared agonistic interactions involving food between patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and sympatric savannah monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) in Kala Maloue, Cameroon. I found linear dominance hierarchies not only in savannah monkeys, but also in patas monkeys in Kala Maloue. The rates of agonistic interactions during feeding between patas monkeys were equivalent to those between savannah monkeys in Kala Maloue; further, these rates were significantly higher than those of both Laikipia patas and savannah monkeys. The results imply that patas monkeys in Kala Maloue are not egalitarian, but are despotic, similar to savannah monkeys. Disparity in the dominance hierarchies of patas monkeys between Kala Maloue and Laikipia were attributable to the differences in the characteristics of food resources. Although patas monkeys in Laikipia subsist on small and dispersed food resources within a high-density area, those in Kala Maloue subsisted on food resources that were clumped in intermediate-sized patches within a low-density area. This study shows that the socio-Ecological Model is applicable not only for interspecific comparisons but also for intraspecific comparisons.
David K Lohrmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a complementary Ecological Model of the coordinated school health program
Journal of School Health, 2010Co-Authors: David K LohrmannAbstract:BACKGROUND: A complementary Ecological Model of the coordinated school health program (CSHP) reflecting 20 years of evolved changes is proposed. Ecology refers to the complex interrelationship between intrapersonal factors, interpersonal processes and primary groups, institutional factors, community factors, and public policy. METHODS: Public health and child development theories that incorporate the influence of personal and social environments on health behavior, along with Models that incorporate the influence of ecology, were consulted. RESULTS: Concepts from several Models were combined with the 8 components of CSHP to formulate an Ecological Model involving 6 program and services components in an inner circle surrounded by 4 concentric rings representing the healthy school environment, essential structures of CSHP, local school district governance, and family and community involvement. CONCLUSION: This complementary Ecological Model is intended to serve as an additional conceptual approach to CSHP practice, evaluation, and research, and should prove especially useful to practitioners and researchers who already have a fundamental understanding of CSHP.
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a complementary Ecological Model of the coordinated school health program
Public Health Reports, 2008Co-Authors: David K LohrmannAbstract:A complementary Ecological Model of the coordinated school health program (CSHP) reflecting 20 years of evolved changes is proposed. Ecology refers to the complex interrelationship among intrapersonal factors, interpersonal processes and primary groups, institutional factors, community factors, and public policy. Public health and child development theories that incorporate the influence of personal and social environments on health behavior, along with Models that incorporate the influence of ecology, were consulted. Concepts from several Models were combined with the eight components of CSHP to formulate an Ecological Model involving six program and services components in an inner circle surrounded by four concentric rings representing the healthy school environment, essential structures of CSHP, local school district governance, and family and community involvement. This complementary Ecological Model is intended to serve as an additional conceptual approach to CSHP practice, evaluation, and research, and should prove especially useful to practitioners and researchers who already have a fundamental understanding of CSHP.
Jill P Ginsberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a social Ecological Model of readiness for transition to adult oriented care for adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions
Child Care Health and Development, 2011Co-Authors: Lisa A Schwartz, Lisa K Tuchman, Wendy L Hobbie, Jill P GinsbergAbstract:Background Policy and research related to transition to adult care for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has focused primarily on patient age, disease skills and knowledge. Objective In an effort to broaden conceptualization of transition and move beyond isolated patient variables, a new social-Ecological Model of AYA readiness for transition (SMART) was developed. Methods SMART development was informed by related theories, literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection using a questionnaire developed to assess provider report of SMART components with 100 consecutive patients in a childhood cancer survivorship clinic. Results The literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection support the relevance of SMART components and a social-Ecological conceptualization of transition. Provider report revealed that many components, representing more than age, disease knowledge and skills, related to provider plans for transferring patients. Conclusions SMART consists of inter-related constructs of patients, parents and providers with emphasis on variables amenable to intervention. Results support SMART's broadened conceptualization of transition readiness and need for assessment of multiple stakeholders' perspectives of patient transition readiness. A companion measure of SMART, which will be able to be completed by patients, parents and providers, will be developed to target areas of intervention to facilitate optimal transition readiness. Similar research programmes to establish evidence-based transition measures and interventions are needed.
Sarah M Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the social Ecological Model and physical activity in african american women
American Journal of Community Psychology, 2006Co-Authors: Julie Fleury, Sarah M LeeAbstract:Little is known about the social and contextual correlates (e.g., social norms, environment, social networks, and organizational support) influencing the adoption and maintenance of regular physical activity among minority and underserved populations. The purpose of this review was to apply the social Ecological Model to better understand physical activity among African American women. A review of the literature pertaining to correlates of physical activity among African American women was conducted and applied to a social Ecological perspective. Understanding and addressing social and contextual correlates of physical activity behavior among African American women are necessary to establish comprehensive programs, particularly within community settings. The social Ecological Model provides a strong theoretical basis to guide physical activity intervention in this population.
Lisa A Schwartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a social Ecological Model of readiness for transition to adult oriented care for adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions
Child Care Health and Development, 2011Co-Authors: Lisa A Schwartz, Lisa K Tuchman, Wendy L Hobbie, Jill P GinsbergAbstract:Background Policy and research related to transition to adult care for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has focused primarily on patient age, disease skills and knowledge. Objective In an effort to broaden conceptualization of transition and move beyond isolated patient variables, a new social-Ecological Model of AYA readiness for transition (SMART) was developed. Methods SMART development was informed by related theories, literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection using a questionnaire developed to assess provider report of SMART components with 100 consecutive patients in a childhood cancer survivorship clinic. Results The literature, expert opinion and pilot data collection support the relevance of SMART components and a social-Ecological conceptualization of transition. Provider report revealed that many components, representing more than age, disease knowledge and skills, related to provider plans for transferring patients. Conclusions SMART consists of inter-related constructs of patients, parents and providers with emphasis on variables amenable to intervention. Results support SMART's broadened conceptualization of transition readiness and need for assessment of multiple stakeholders' perspectives of patient transition readiness. A companion measure of SMART, which will be able to be completed by patients, parents and providers, will be developed to target areas of intervention to facilitate optimal transition readiness. Similar research programmes to establish evidence-based transition measures and interventions are needed.
