The Experts below are selected from a list of 331971 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lauren Kuby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrating social science into the long term Ecological Research lter network social dimensions of Ecological change and Ecological dimensions of social change
2004Co-Authors: Charles L Redman, Morgan J Grove, Lauren KubyAbstract:The integration of the social sciences into long-term Ecological Research is an urgent priority. To address this need, a group of social, earth, and life scientists associated with the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network have articulated a conceptual framework for understanding the human dimensions of Ecological change for the LTER Network. This framework explicitly advocates that what is often divided into “natural” and human systems be considered a single, complex social-Ecological system (SES). In this paper, we propose a list of core social science Research areas, concepts, and questions; identify the need for multiscale investigatory frameworks crucial for implementing integrated Research; and suggest practical approaches for integration. In sum, this paper is a general outline for empirical and cross-site Research projects where investigators agree that bringing together social, biological, and earth scientists can lead to synthetic approaches and a unified understanding of the mechanisms regulating SES. Although the motivation for this goal is specific to the LTER Network and similar projects, we believe that the issues and ideas presented here are widely applicable to other interdisciplinary SES studies.
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Integrating Social Science into the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network: Social Dimensions of Ecological Change and Ecological Dimensions of Social Change
2004Co-Authors: Charles L Redman, J. Morgan Grove, Lauren KubyAbstract:The integration of the social sciences into long-term Ecological Research is an urgent priority. To address this need, a group of social, earth, and life scientists associated with the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network have articulated a conceptual framework for understanding the human dimensions of Ecological change for the LTER Network. This framework explicitly advocates that what is often divided into “natural” and human systems be considered a single, complex social-Ecological system (SES). In this paper, we propose a list of core social science Research areas, concepts, and questions; identify the need for multiscale investigatory frameworks crucial for implementing integrated Research; and suggest practical approaches for integration. In sum, this paper is a general outline for empirical and cross-site Research projects where investigators agree that bringing together social, biological, and earth scientists can lead to synthetic approaches and a unified understanding of the mechanisms regulating SES. Although the motivation for this goal is specific to the LTER Network and similar projects, we believe that the issues and ideas presented here are widely applicable to other interdisciplinary SES studies.
Charles L Redman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrating social science into the long term Ecological Research lter network social dimensions of Ecological change and Ecological dimensions of social change
2004Co-Authors: Charles L Redman, Morgan J Grove, Lauren KubyAbstract:The integration of the social sciences into long-term Ecological Research is an urgent priority. To address this need, a group of social, earth, and life scientists associated with the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network have articulated a conceptual framework for understanding the human dimensions of Ecological change for the LTER Network. This framework explicitly advocates that what is often divided into “natural” and human systems be considered a single, complex social-Ecological system (SES). In this paper, we propose a list of core social science Research areas, concepts, and questions; identify the need for multiscale investigatory frameworks crucial for implementing integrated Research; and suggest practical approaches for integration. In sum, this paper is a general outline for empirical and cross-site Research projects where investigators agree that bringing together social, biological, and earth scientists can lead to synthetic approaches and a unified understanding of the mechanisms regulating SES. Although the motivation for this goal is specific to the LTER Network and similar projects, we believe that the issues and ideas presented here are widely applicable to other interdisciplinary SES studies.
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Integrating Social Science into the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network: Social Dimensions of Ecological Change and Ecological Dimensions of Social Change
2004Co-Authors: Charles L Redman, J. Morgan Grove, Lauren KubyAbstract:The integration of the social sciences into long-term Ecological Research is an urgent priority. To address this need, a group of social, earth, and life scientists associated with the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network have articulated a conceptual framework for understanding the human dimensions of Ecological change for the LTER Network. This framework explicitly advocates that what is often divided into “natural” and human systems be considered a single, complex social-Ecological system (SES). In this paper, we propose a list of core social science Research areas, concepts, and questions; identify the need for multiscale investigatory frameworks crucial for implementing integrated Research; and suggest practical approaches for integration. In sum, this paper is a general outline for empirical and cross-site Research projects where investigators agree that bringing together social, biological, and earth scientists can lead to synthetic approaches and a unified understanding of the mechanisms regulating SES. Although the motivation for this goal is specific to the LTER Network and similar projects, we believe that the issues and ideas presented here are widely applicable to other interdisciplinary SES studies.
Mark A Burgman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toward rigorous use of expert knowledge in Ecological Research
2013Co-Authors: Michael Drescher, Ajith H Perera, Lisa J Buse, C A Drew, Chris J Johnson, Mark A BurgmanAbstract:Practicing ecologists who excel at their work (“experts”) hold a wealth of knowledge. This knowledge offers a wide range of opportunities for application in Ecological Research and natural resource decision-making. While experts are often consulted ad-hoc, their contributions are not widely acknowledged. These informal applications of expert knowledge lead to concerns about a lack of transparency and repeatability, causing distrust of this knowledge source in the scientific community. Here, we address these concerns with an exploration of the diversity of expert knowledge and of rigorous methods in its use. The effective use of expert knowledge hinges on an awareness of the spectrum of experts and their expertise, which varies by breadth of perspective and critical assessment. Also, experts express their knowledge in different forms depending on the degree of contextualization with other information. Careful matching of experts to application is therefore essential and has to go beyond a simple fitting of the expert to the knowledge domain. The standards for the collection and use of expert knowledge should be as rigorous as for empirical data. This involves knowing when it is appropriate to use expert knowledge and how to identify and select suitable experts. Further, it requires a careful plan for the collection, analysis and validation of the knowledge. The knowledge held by expert practitioners is too valuable to be ignored. But only when thorough methods are applied, can the application of expert knowledge be as valid as the use of empirical data. The responsibility for the effective and rigorous use of expert knowledge lies with the Researchers.
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toward rigorous use of expert knowledge in Ecological Research
2013Co-Authors: Michael Drescher, Ajith H Perera, Lisa J Buse, C A Drew, Chris J Johnson, Mark A BurgmanAbstract:Practicing ecologists who excel at their work ('experts') hold a wealth of knowledge. This knowledge offers a wide range of opportunities for application in Ecological Research and natural resource decision-making. While experts are often consulted ad-hoc, their contributions are not widely acknowledged. These informal applications of expert knowledge lead to concerns about a lack of transparency and repeatability, causing distrust of this knowledge source in the scientific community. Here, we address these concerns with an exploration of the diversity of expert knowledge and of rigorous methods in its use. The effective use of expert knowledge hinges on an awareness of the spectrum of experts and their expertise, which varies by breadth of perspective and critical assessment. Also, experts express their knowledge in different forms depending on the degree of contextualization with other information. Careful matching of experts to application is therefore essential and has to go beyond a simple fitting of the expert to the knowledge domain. The standards for the collection and use of expert knowledge should be as rigorous as for empirical data. This involves knowing when it is appropriate to use expert knowledge and how to identify and select suitable experts. Further, it requires a careful plan for the collection, analysis and validation of the knowledge. The knowledge held by expert practitioners is too valuable to be ignored. But only when thorough methods are applied, can the application of expert knowledge be as valid as the use of empirical data. The responsibility for the effective and rigorous use of expert knowledge lies with the Researchers. ©2013 Drescher et al.
Scott L Collins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An integrated conceptual framework for long-term social-Ecological Research
2011Co-Authors: Scott L Collins, Daniel E. Orenstein, Ted L. Gragson, Grove J. Morgan, Sharon L. Harlan, Nancy B. Grimm, Daniel L. Childers, Scott M. Swinton, Jason P KayeAbstract:The global reach of human activities affects all natural ecosystems, so that the environment is best viewed as a social–Ecological system. Consequently, a more integrative approach to environmental science, one that bridges the biophysical and social domains, is sorely needed. Although models and frameworks for social–Ecological systems exist, few are explicitly designed to guide a long-term interdisciplinary Research program. Here, we present an iterative framework, “Press–Pulse Dynamics” (PPD), that integrates the bio- physical and social sciences through an understanding of how human behaviors affect “press” and “pulse” dynamics and ecosystem processes. Such dynamics and processes, in turn, influence ecosystem services – thereby altering human behaviors and initiating feedbacks that impact the original dynamics and processes. We believe that Research guided by the PPD framework will lead to a more thorough understanding of social–Ecological systems and generate the knowledge needed to address pervasive environmental problems
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disturbance dynamics and Ecological response the contribution of long term Ecological Research
2003Co-Authors: Monica G Turner, Scott L Collins, Ariel L Lugo, John J Magnuson, Scott T Rupp, Frederick J SwansonAbstract:Abstract Long-term Ecological Research is particularly valuable for understanding disturbance dynamics over long time periods and placing those dynamics in a regional context. We highlighted three case studies from Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network sites that have contributed to understanding the causes and consequences of disturbance in Ecological systems. The LTER Network significantly enhances the ability to study disturbance by (a) encompassing ecosystems subject to a wide range of disturbances, (b) providing a long-term baseline against which to detect change and measure ecosystem responses to disturbance, (c) permitting observation of slow or infrequent events, (d) facilitating the use of multiple Research approaches, (e) providing a focus for modeling disturbance dynamics, and (f) contributing to land and resource management. Long-term Research is crucial to understanding past, present, and future disturbance dynamics, and the LTER Network is poised to make continuing contributions to th...
David R Foster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cascading effects insights from the u s long term Ecological Research network
2021Co-Authors: David R Foster, Christie A Bahlai, Clarisse Hart, Maria T Kavanaugh, Jeffrey D White, Roger W Ruess, Todd J Brinkman, Hugh W Ducklow, William R FraserAbstract:Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and unpredictable ways and analysis of these changes requires coordinated, long-term Research. This paper is a product of a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation funded Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network addressing the LTER core Research area of “populations and communities.” This analysis revealed that each LTER site had at least one compelling “story” about what their site would look like in 50–100 yr. As the stories were prepared, themes emerged, and the stories were group into papers along five themes: state change, connectivity, resilience, time lags, and cascading effects. This paper addresses the cascading effects theme and includes stories from the Bonanza Creek (boreal), Kellogg Biological Station (agricultural and freshwater), Palmer (Antarctica), and Harvard Forest (temperate forest) LTER sites. We define cascading effects very broadly to include a wide array of unforeseen chains of events that result from a variety of actions or changes in a system. While climate change is having important direct effects on boreal forests, indirect effects mediated by fire activity—severity, size, and return interval—have large cascading effects over the long term. In northeastern temperate forests, legacies of human management and disturbance affect the composition of current forests, which creates a cascade of effects that interact with the climate-facilitated invasion of an exotic pest. In Antarctica, declining sea ice creates a cascade of effects including declines in Adelie and increases in Gentoo penguins, changes in phytoplankton, and consequent changes in zooplankton populations. An invasion of an exotic species of lady beetle is likely to have important future effects on pest control and conservation of native species in agricultural landscapes. New studies of zebra mussels, a well-studied invader, have established links between climate, the heat tolerance of the mussels, and harmful algal blooms. Collectively, these stories highlight the need for long-term studies to sort out the complexities of different types of Ecological cascades. The diversity of sites within the LTER network facilitates the emergence of overarching concepts about trophic interactions as an important driver of ecosystem structure, function, services, and futures.
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scenario studies as a synthetic and integrative Research activity for long term Ecological Research
2012Co-Authors: Jonathan R Thompson, Stephen R Carpenter, Frederick J Swanson, Arnim Wiek, Nancy Fresco, Teresa N Hollingsworth, Thomas A Spies, David R FosterAbstract:Scenario studies have emerged as a powerful approach for synthesizing diverse forms of Research and for articulating and evaluating alternative socioEcological futures. Unlike predictive modeling, scenarios do not attempt to forecast the precise or probable state of any variable at a given point in the future. Instead, comparisons among a set of contrasting scenarios are used to understand the systemic relationships and dynamics of complex socioEcological systems and to define a range of possibilities and uncertainties in quantitative and qualitative terms. We describe five examples of scenario studies affiliated with the US Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network and evaluate them in terms of their ability to advance the LTER Network's capacity for conducting science, promoting social and Ecological science synthesis, and increasing the saliency of Research through sustained outreach activities. We conclude with an argument that scenario studies should be advanced programmatically within large socio...
