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Gareth Austin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the reversal of fortune thesis and the compression of history perspectives from african and comparative Economic history
Journal of International Development, 2008Co-Authors: Gareth AustinAbstract:Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson have dramatically challenged the tendency of economists to confine their empirical search for the causes of Economic growth to the recent past. They argue that the kind of institutions established by European colonialists, either protecting private property or extracting Rents, resulted in the poorer parts of the pre-colonial world becoming some of the richest economies of today; while transforming some of the more prosperous parts of the non-European world of 1500 into the poorest economies today. This view has been further elaborated for Africa by Nunn, with reference to slave trading. Drawing on African and comparative Economic historiography, the present paper endorses the importance of examining growth theories against long-term history: revealing relationships that recur because the situations are similar, as well as because of path dependence as such. But it also argues that the causal relationships involved are more diffeRentiated than is recognised in AJR's formulations. By compressing diffeRent historical periods and paths, the 'reversal' thesis over-simplifies the causation. Relatively low labour productivity was a premise of the external slave trades; though the latter greatly reinforced the relative poverty of many Sub-Saharan economies. Again, it is important to distinguish settler and non-settler economies within colonial Africa itself. In the latter case it was in the interests of colonial regimes to support, rather than simply extract from, African Economic enterprise. Finally, Economic Rent and Economic growth have often been joint products, including in pre-colonial and colonial Africa; the kinds of institutions that favoured Economic growth in certain historical contexts were not necessarily optimal for that purpose in others. AJR have done much to bring development Economics and Economic history together. The next step is a more flexible conceptual framework, and a more complex explanation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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the reversal of fortune thesis and the compression of history perspectives from african and comparative Economic history
Journal of International Development, 2008Co-Authors: Gareth AustinAbstract:Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson have dramatically challenged the tendency of economists to confine their empirical search for the causes of Economic growth to the recent past. They argue that the kind of institutions established by European colonialists, either protecting private property or extracting Rents, resulted in the poorer parts of the pre-colonial world becoming some of the richest economies of today; while transforming some of the more prosperous parts of the non-European world of 1500 into the poorest economies today. This view has been further elaborated for Africa by Nunn, with reference to slave trading. Drawing on African and comparative Economic historiography, the present paper endorses the importance of examining growth theories against long-term history: revealing relationships that recur because the situations are similar, as well as because of path dependence as such. But it also argues that the causal relationships involved are more diffeRentiated than is recognised in AJR's formulations. By compressing diffeRent historical periods and paths, the 'reversal' thesis over-simplifies the causation. Relatively low labour productivity was a premise of the external slave trades; though the latter greatly reinforced the relative poverty of many Sub-Saharan economies. Again, it is important to distinguish settler and non-settler economies within colonial Africa itself. In the latter case it was in the interests of colonial regimes to support, rather than simply extract from, African Economic enterprise. Finally, Economic Rent and Economic growth have often been joint products, including in pre-colonial and colonial Africa; the kinds of institutions that favoured Economic growth in certain historical contexts were not necessarily optimal for that purpose in others. AJR have done much to bring development Economics and Economic history together. The next step is a more flexible conceptual framework, and a more complex explanation.
Sacchi Jacques - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Restoring the ecosystem creates wealth. The case of the Northern coast of Tunisia’s deep-water rose shrimp trawl fishery
'Elsevier BV', 2016Co-Authors: Vendeville Philippe, Fadhel Hosni, Magraoui Amira, Sacchi JacquesAbstract:The demersal trawl fishery of the north Tunisian coast primarily targets the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris, and secondarily a variety of demersal fish species. These fishes include hake (Merluccius merluccius), common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), surmullet (Mullus surmuletus), Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), bogue (Boops boops), picarel (Spicara smaris) and spotted flounder (Citharus linguatula). A bioEconomic model was used to test management measures through scenarios that ran over eleven years to estimate the viability of the fishery according to biological and Economic results. The most beneficial scenario was the combination of several management measures including a temporal closure of two months, the replacement of the 40 mm diamond mesh codend with 40 mm square mesh, the removal of both the biological recovery tax and of fuel subsidies, and an 83% reduction in fishing capacity. This results in an annual private profit higher by 9.3 M TND (Tunisian Dinar) (6.9 M USD) that of 2008, and an Economic Rent that was higher by 13.3 M TND (9.9 M USD) than by the end of the projected period. Shrimp and fish biomasses have doubled compared with 2008, and trawling damages would be reduced to the equivalent of a five- fold reduction in fishing effort. This study shows that the objectives of improving demersal ecosystems and improving individual and collective wealth can be achieved through the synergistic effects of various regulatory measures
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Restoring the ecosystem creates wealth. The case of the Northern coast of Tunisia’s deep-water rose shrimp trawl fishery
'Elsevier BV', 2016Co-Authors: Vendeville Philippe, Fadhel Hosni, Magraoui Amira, Sacchi JacquesAbstract:International audienceThe demersal trawl fishery of the north Tunisian coast primarily targets the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris, and secondarily a variety of demersal fish species. These fishes include hake (Merluccius merluccius), common pandora (Pagellus etythrinus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), surmullet (Mullus surmuletus), Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), bogue (Boops boops), picarel (Spicara smarts) and spotted flounder (Citharus linguatula). A bioEconomic model was used to test management measures through scenarios that ran over eleven years to estimate the viability of the fishery according to biological and Economic results. The most beneficial scenario was the combination of several management measures including a temporal closure of two months, the replacement of the 40 mm diamond mesh codend with 40 mm square mesh, the removal of both the biological recovery tax and of fuel subsidies, and an 83% reduction in fishing capacity. This results in an annual private profit higher by 9.3 M TND (Tunisian Dinar) (6.9 M USD) that of 2008, and an Economic Rent that was higher by 13.3 M TND (9.9 M USD) than by the end of the projected period. Shrimp and fish biomasses have doubled compared with 2008, and trawling damages would be reduced to the equivalent of a five-fold reduction in fishing effort. This study shows that the objectives of improving demersal ecosystems and improving individual and collective wealth can be achieved through the synergistic effects of various regulatory measures. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Vendeville Philippe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Restoring the ecosystem creates wealth. The case of the Northern coast of Tunisia's deep-water rose shrimp trawl fishery
2016Co-Authors: Vendeville Philippe, Fadhel H., Magraoui A., Sacchi J.Abstract:The demersal trawl fishery of the north Tunisian coast primarily targets the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris, and secondarily a variety of demersal fish species. These fishes include hake (Merluccius merluccius), common pandora (Pagellus etythrinus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), surmullet (Mullus surmuletus), Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), bogue (Boops boops), picarel (Spicara smarts) and spotted flounder (Citharus linguatula). A bioEconomic model was used to test management measures through scenarios that ran over eleven years to estimate the viability of the fishery according to biological and Economic results. The most beneficial scenario was the combination of several management measures including a temporal closure of two months, the replacement of the 40 mm diamond mesh codend with 40 mm square mesh, the removal of both the biological recovery tax and of fuel subsidies, and an 83% reduction in fishing capacity. This results in an annual private profit higher by 9.3 M TND (Tunisian Dinar) (6.9 M USD) that of 2008, and an Economic Rent that was higher by 13.3 M TND (9.9 M USD) than by the end of the projected period. Shrimp and fish biomasses have doubled compared with 2008, and trawling damages would be reduced to the equivalent of a five-fold reduction in fishing effort. This study shows that the objectives of improving demersal ecosystems and improving individual and collective wealth can be achieved through the synergistic effects of various regulatory measures
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Restoring the ecosystem creates wealth. The case of the Northern coast of Tunisia’s deep-water rose shrimp trawl fishery
'Elsevier BV', 2016Co-Authors: Vendeville Philippe, Fadhel Hosni, Magraoui Amira, Sacchi JacquesAbstract:The demersal trawl fishery of the north Tunisian coast primarily targets the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris, and secondarily a variety of demersal fish species. These fishes include hake (Merluccius merluccius), common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), surmullet (Mullus surmuletus), Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), bogue (Boops boops), picarel (Spicara smaris) and spotted flounder (Citharus linguatula). A bioEconomic model was used to test management measures through scenarios that ran over eleven years to estimate the viability of the fishery according to biological and Economic results. The most beneficial scenario was the combination of several management measures including a temporal closure of two months, the replacement of the 40 mm diamond mesh codend with 40 mm square mesh, the removal of both the biological recovery tax and of fuel subsidies, and an 83% reduction in fishing capacity. This results in an annual private profit higher by 9.3 M TND (Tunisian Dinar) (6.9 M USD) that of 2008, and an Economic Rent that was higher by 13.3 M TND (9.9 M USD) than by the end of the projected period. Shrimp and fish biomasses have doubled compared with 2008, and trawling damages would be reduced to the equivalent of a five- fold reduction in fishing effort. This study shows that the objectives of improving demersal ecosystems and improving individual and collective wealth can be achieved through the synergistic effects of various regulatory measures
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Restoring the ecosystem creates wealth. The case of the Northern coast of Tunisia’s deep-water rose shrimp trawl fishery
'Elsevier BV', 2016Co-Authors: Vendeville Philippe, Fadhel Hosni, Magraoui Amira, Sacchi JacquesAbstract:International audienceThe demersal trawl fishery of the north Tunisian coast primarily targets the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris, and secondarily a variety of demersal fish species. These fishes include hake (Merluccius merluccius), common pandora (Pagellus etythrinus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), surmullet (Mullus surmuletus), Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), bogue (Boops boops), picarel (Spicara smarts) and spotted flounder (Citharus linguatula). A bioEconomic model was used to test management measures through scenarios that ran over eleven years to estimate the viability of the fishery according to biological and Economic results. The most beneficial scenario was the combination of several management measures including a temporal closure of two months, the replacement of the 40 mm diamond mesh codend with 40 mm square mesh, the removal of both the biological recovery tax and of fuel subsidies, and an 83% reduction in fishing capacity. This results in an annual private profit higher by 9.3 M TND (Tunisian Dinar) (6.9 M USD) that of 2008, and an Economic Rent that was higher by 13.3 M TND (9.9 M USD) than by the end of the projected period. Shrimp and fish biomasses have doubled compared with 2008, and trawling damages would be reduced to the equivalent of a five-fold reduction in fishing effort. This study shows that the objectives of improving demersal ecosystems and improving individual and collective wealth can be achieved through the synergistic effects of various regulatory measures. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Al-tabbaa O - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nonprofit organizations and social-alliance portfolio size: Evidence from website content analysis
'Elsevier BV', 2021Co-Authors: Al-tabbaa O, Lopez C, Konara P, Leach DAbstract:Business-Nonprofit Partnership (BNP) has been widely regarded as a vital approach for public value creation and social innovation. At the same time, many studies show a positive association between the size of an organization's portfolio of partners and its overall performance and innovation. Building on these insights, we contribute to the BNP literature by drawing on the relational view to theorize and empirically examine the conditions that underpin the effectiveness of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in establishing collaborative linkages with the private sector (i.e. to determine the size of their portfolio of business partners). Data were compiled from the websites of NPOs (n = 102) that were collaborating with FTSE 100 companies. The results of regression analysis show that the ability of NPOs to deliver Economic Rent (to business partners) and to establish calculative trust (pre-collaboration trust) is positively associated with their portfolio size. Furthermore, the results indicate that the ability to create social value is also positively associated with portfolio size but only for larger NPOs, and that the delivery of collaboration options is negatively associated with portfolio size. We discuss these findings in relation to their implications for research and practice
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Nonprofit organizations and social-alliance portfolio size: Evidence from website content analysis
'Elsevier BV', 2021Co-Authors: Al-tabbaa O, Lamelas Carmen, Konara Palitha, Leach DesmondAbstract:Business-Nonprofit Partnership (BNP) has been widely regarded as a vital approach for public value creation and social innovation. At the same time, many studies show a positive association between the size of an organization’s portfolio of partners and its overall performance and innovation. Building on these insights, we contribute to the BNP literature by drawing on the relational view to theorize and empirically examine the conditions that underpin the effectiveness of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in establishing collaborative linkages with the private sector (i.e. to determine the size of their portfolio of business partners). Data were compiled from the websites of NPOs (n=102) that were collaborating with FTSE 100 companies. The results of regression analysis show that the ability of NPOs to deliver Economic Rent (to business partners) and to establish calculative trust (pre-collaboration trust) positively predictstheir portfolio size. Furthermore, the results indicate that the ability to create social value also positively predicts portfolio size but only for larger NPOs, and that the delivery of collaboration options negatively predicts portfolio size. We discuss these findings in regard to implications for research and practice
Leach D - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nonprofit organizations and social-alliance portfolio size: Evidence from website content analysis
'Elsevier BV', 2021Co-Authors: Al-tabbaa O, Lopez C, Konara P, Leach DAbstract:Business-Nonprofit Partnership (BNP) has been widely regarded as a vital approach for public value creation and social innovation. At the same time, many studies show a positive association between the size of an organization's portfolio of partners and its overall performance and innovation. Building on these insights, we contribute to the BNP literature by drawing on the relational view to theorize and empirically examine the conditions that underpin the effectiveness of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in establishing collaborative linkages with the private sector (i.e. to determine the size of their portfolio of business partners). Data were compiled from the websites of NPOs (n = 102) that were collaborating with FTSE 100 companies. The results of regression analysis show that the ability of NPOs to deliver Economic Rent (to business partners) and to establish calculative trust (pre-collaboration trust) is positively associated with their portfolio size. Furthermore, the results indicate that the ability to create social value is also positively associated with portfolio size but only for larger NPOs, and that the delivery of collaboration options is negatively associated with portfolio size. We discuss these findings in relation to their implications for research and practice
