The Experts below are selected from a list of 1700517 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rodolfo M Nayga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nutrition obesity and health policies and Economic Research challenges
Social Science Research Network, 2008Co-Authors: Rodolfo M NaygaAbstract:This paper briefly covers some of the recent issues and policies related to nutrition, obesity and health. Some of the important Economic Research gaps, needs and challenges are then discussed focusing on few selected themes, namely the data needs, methodological and modelling challenges and policy evaluation issues. These Research challenges, if addressed, could further enhance nutrition and obesity Economic studies that can be used to design and implement effective policy interventions.
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nutrition obesity and health policies and Economic Research challenges
European Review of Agricultural Economics, 2008Co-Authors: Rodolfo M NaygaAbstract:This paper briefly covers some of the recent issues and policies related to nutrition, obesity and health. Some of the important Economic Research gaps, needs and challenges are then discussed focusing on few selected themes, namely the data needs, methodological and modelling challenges and policy evaluation issues. These Research challenges, if addressed, could further enhance nutrition and obesity Economic studies that can be used to design and implement effective policy interventions. Oxford University Press and Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics 2008; all rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org, Oxford University Press.
Matthew Neidell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environment health and human capital
Journal of Economic Literature, 2013Co-Authors: Joshua Graff Zivin, Matthew NeidellAbstract:In this review, we discuss three major contributions economists have made to our understanding of the relationship between the environment and individual well-being. First, in explicitly recognizing how optimizing behavior, particularly in the form of residential sorting, can lead to nonrandom assignment of pollution, economists have employed a wide range of quasi-experimental techniques to develop causal estimates of the effect of pollution. Second, Economic Research has placed a considerable focus on the role of avoidance behavior, which is an important component for understanding the difference between biological and behavioral effects of pollution and for proper welfare calculations. Lastly, Economic Research has expanded the focus of analysis beyond traditional health outcomes to include measures of human capital, including labor supply, productivity, and cognition. Our review of the quasi-experimental evidence on this topic suggests that pollution does indeed have a wide range of effects on individual well-being, even at levels well below current regulatory standards. Given the importance of health and human capital as an engine for Economic growth, these findings underscore the role of environmental conditions as an important factor of production. (JEL I12, I31, J24, Q51, Q53)
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environment health and human capital
Journal of Economic Literature, 2013Co-Authors: Joshua Graff Zivin, Matthew NeidellAbstract:In this review, we discuss three major contributions economists have made to our understanding of the relationship between the environment and individual well-being. First, in explicitly recognizing how optimizing behavior, particularly in the form of residential sorting, can lead to non-random assignment of pollution, economists have employed a wide range of quasi-experimental techniques to develop causal estimates of the effect of pollution. Second, Economic Research has placed a considerable focus on the role of avoidance behavior, which is an important component for understanding the difference between biological and behavioral effects of pollution and for proper welfare calculations. Lastly, Economic Research has expanded the focus of analysis beyond traditional health outcomes to include measures of human capital, including labor supply, productivity, and cognition. Our review of the quasi-experimental evidence on this topic suggests that pollution does indeed have a wide range of effects on individual well-being, even at levels well below current regulatory standards. Given the importance of health and human capital as an engine for Economic growth, these findings underscore the role of environmental conditions as an important factor of production.
Joshua Graff Zivin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environment health and human capital
Journal of Economic Literature, 2013Co-Authors: Joshua Graff Zivin, Matthew NeidellAbstract:In this review, we discuss three major contributions economists have made to our understanding of the relationship between the environment and individual well-being. First, in explicitly recognizing how optimizing behavior, particularly in the form of residential sorting, can lead to nonrandom assignment of pollution, economists have employed a wide range of quasi-experimental techniques to develop causal estimates of the effect of pollution. Second, Economic Research has placed a considerable focus on the role of avoidance behavior, which is an important component for understanding the difference between biological and behavioral effects of pollution and for proper welfare calculations. Lastly, Economic Research has expanded the focus of analysis beyond traditional health outcomes to include measures of human capital, including labor supply, productivity, and cognition. Our review of the quasi-experimental evidence on this topic suggests that pollution does indeed have a wide range of effects on individual well-being, even at levels well below current regulatory standards. Given the importance of health and human capital as an engine for Economic growth, these findings underscore the role of environmental conditions as an important factor of production. (JEL I12, I31, J24, Q51, Q53)
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environment health and human capital
Journal of Economic Literature, 2013Co-Authors: Joshua Graff Zivin, Matthew NeidellAbstract:In this review, we discuss three major contributions economists have made to our understanding of the relationship between the environment and individual well-being. First, in explicitly recognizing how optimizing behavior, particularly in the form of residential sorting, can lead to non-random assignment of pollution, economists have employed a wide range of quasi-experimental techniques to develop causal estimates of the effect of pollution. Second, Economic Research has placed a considerable focus on the role of avoidance behavior, which is an important component for understanding the difference between biological and behavioral effects of pollution and for proper welfare calculations. Lastly, Economic Research has expanded the focus of analysis beyond traditional health outcomes to include measures of human capital, including labor supply, productivity, and cognition. Our review of the quasi-experimental evidence on this topic suggests that pollution does indeed have a wide range of effects on individual well-being, even at levels well below current regulatory standards. Given the importance of health and human capital as an engine for Economic growth, these findings underscore the role of environmental conditions as an important factor of production.
David A Wise - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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social security in a changing environment findings from the retirement Research center at the national bureau of Economic Research
2009Co-Authors: David A Wise, Richard WoodburyAbstract:Since September 2003, the Retirement Research Center at the National Bureau of Economic Research has conducted a coordinated series of investigations on Social Security in a changing environment and the potential routes to sustainable solvency. The Center supports extensive collaborative Research over a multiyear horizon to achieve a more fully integrated understanding of Social Security's challenges and the changing environment in which it operates. This article is an overview of the studies completed since the Center's inception.
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social security in a changing environment findings from the retirement Research center at the national bureau of Economic Research
Social Security Bulletin, 2009Co-Authors: David A Wise, Richard WoodburyAbstract:Selected Abbreviations DB defined benefit DC defined contribution NBER National Bureau of Economic Research NDC notional defined contribution PRA personal retirement account Introduction Social Security is the foundation of retirement and disability income support in the United States, paying out $615 billion in benefits in 2008 to nearly 51 million beneficiaries. Although the core functions of Social Security remain largely unchanged, the system now faces an exceptional challenge: It is not financially sustainable in its current form. In the coming years, efforts to meet this challenge will be staged in a changing environment. That environment is in part responsible for the solvency crisis, but it also presents policy reform opportunities to address the financial challenge. More generally, any reforms to the system should be informed by the changing, and uncertain, environment in which the Social Security program will operate in the coming years. With funding from the Social Security Administration, the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Retirement Research Center has embarked on a coordinated series of investigations on Social Security in a changing environment, and the potential routes to sustainable solvency. The Center is designed to support a critical mass of projects that provide the basis for collaborative interaction over a multi-year horizon. The extensive interaction among the Research team and the compilation of independent but related Research topics is designed to achieve a more fully integrated understanding of the issues. This article is an overview of the first 45 studies completed since the Center's inception in September 2003. The complete studies, along with policy abstracts and executive summaries, can be found at the Center's Web site (http://www.nber.org/programs/ag/rrc/rrchome.html). The article is organized in three topical sections. The first covers Social Security sustainability and reform. It focuses on the long-term financial imbalances in the Social Security system, the financial implications of uncertainty in demographic and Economic forecasts, and the characteristics of reform that could provide sustainable solvency. The second section covers resources and needs of older people. The mix of resources available to retirees is changing, most notably through increased participation in 401(k) and similar retirement saving programs. The resources needed in retirement are also changing, influenced importantly by increasing health care costs and the continuing advancement of available health care services. The third section is on Social Security, labor markets, and the macroeconomy. It highlights Research on work and retirement behavior, the influence of Social Security and other public policy on employment decisions, and the potential for delayed retirement to facilitate the social and Economic transition to an older population demographic, both in the United States and around the world. Social Security Sustainability and Reform Over the next 30 years, Social Security benefits are projected to grow from 4.3 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) to 6.1 percent, while revenues are expected to equal only 4.7 percent of GDP (Board of Trustees 2008). When the challenge of financing the retirement consumption of the elderly is viewed more broadly, the gap between income and costs is even wider. In particular, Medicare and Social Security costs together are projected to increase from about 7 percent of GDP today to about 13 percent by 2035 and to nearly 17 percent by 2082. The challenge of rebalancing Social Security finances for the future is well known. Also important to Social Security reform is the resiliency of the system to future uncertainties. The demographic and Economic factors that will determine Social Security's future finances are projections only. A reformed system that cannot adapt to unforeseen circumstances is unlikely to provide sustainable solvency. …
Richard Woodbury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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social security in a changing environment findings from the retirement Research center at the national bureau of Economic Research
2009Co-Authors: David A Wise, Richard WoodburyAbstract:Since September 2003, the Retirement Research Center at the National Bureau of Economic Research has conducted a coordinated series of investigations on Social Security in a changing environment and the potential routes to sustainable solvency. The Center supports extensive collaborative Research over a multiyear horizon to achieve a more fully integrated understanding of Social Security's challenges and the changing environment in which it operates. This article is an overview of the studies completed since the Center's inception.
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social security in a changing environment findings from the retirement Research center at the national bureau of Economic Research
Social Security Bulletin, 2009Co-Authors: David A Wise, Richard WoodburyAbstract:Selected Abbreviations DB defined benefit DC defined contribution NBER National Bureau of Economic Research NDC notional defined contribution PRA personal retirement account Introduction Social Security is the foundation of retirement and disability income support in the United States, paying out $615 billion in benefits in 2008 to nearly 51 million beneficiaries. Although the core functions of Social Security remain largely unchanged, the system now faces an exceptional challenge: It is not financially sustainable in its current form. In the coming years, efforts to meet this challenge will be staged in a changing environment. That environment is in part responsible for the solvency crisis, but it also presents policy reform opportunities to address the financial challenge. More generally, any reforms to the system should be informed by the changing, and uncertain, environment in which the Social Security program will operate in the coming years. With funding from the Social Security Administration, the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Retirement Research Center has embarked on a coordinated series of investigations on Social Security in a changing environment, and the potential routes to sustainable solvency. The Center is designed to support a critical mass of projects that provide the basis for collaborative interaction over a multi-year horizon. The extensive interaction among the Research team and the compilation of independent but related Research topics is designed to achieve a more fully integrated understanding of the issues. This article is an overview of the first 45 studies completed since the Center's inception in September 2003. The complete studies, along with policy abstracts and executive summaries, can be found at the Center's Web site (http://www.nber.org/programs/ag/rrc/rrchome.html). The article is organized in three topical sections. The first covers Social Security sustainability and reform. It focuses on the long-term financial imbalances in the Social Security system, the financial implications of uncertainty in demographic and Economic forecasts, and the characteristics of reform that could provide sustainable solvency. The second section covers resources and needs of older people. The mix of resources available to retirees is changing, most notably through increased participation in 401(k) and similar retirement saving programs. The resources needed in retirement are also changing, influenced importantly by increasing health care costs and the continuing advancement of available health care services. The third section is on Social Security, labor markets, and the macroeconomy. It highlights Research on work and retirement behavior, the influence of Social Security and other public policy on employment decisions, and the potential for delayed retirement to facilitate the social and Economic transition to an older population demographic, both in the United States and around the world. Social Security Sustainability and Reform Over the next 30 years, Social Security benefits are projected to grow from 4.3 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) to 6.1 percent, while revenues are expected to equal only 4.7 percent of GDP (Board of Trustees 2008). When the challenge of financing the retirement consumption of the elderly is viewed more broadly, the gap between income and costs is even wider. In particular, Medicare and Social Security costs together are projected to increase from about 7 percent of GDP today to about 13 percent by 2035 and to nearly 17 percent by 2082. The challenge of rebalancing Social Security finances for the future is well known. Also important to Social Security reform is the resiliency of the system to future uncertainties. The demographic and Economic factors that will determine Social Security's future finances are projections only. A reformed system that cannot adapt to unforeseen circumstances is unlikely to provide sustainable solvency. …
