The Experts below are selected from a list of 252 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
G Nowakowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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innovative hybrid gas Electric Chiller cogeneration quarterly technical progress report april june 2000
Other Information: PBD: 1 Jul 2000, 2000Co-Authors: G NowakowskiAbstract:A meeting was held at Alturdyne's facility in San Diego to discuss project progress. Cliff Carpenter, the NETL Program Manager, attended the meeting. As a result of the meeting, several decisions were made: (1) A General Motors engine would be specified as the prime mover; (2) A Carrier reciprocating compressor would be specified, however a Hitachi screw compressor with an integral oil sump was an interesting candidate if it was available in the right size and for the right price; (3) The motor/generator would provide two functions: as an induction motor and as a synchronous generator. The variable speed, constant frequency feature will not be included in the first generation product; and (4) The refrigerant will be R134-A.
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Innovative hybrid gas/Electric Chiller cogeneration. Quarterly technical progress report, April--June, 2000
2000Co-Authors: G NowakowskiAbstract:A meeting was held at Alturdyne's facility in San Diego to discuss project progress. Cliff Carpenter, the NETL Program Manager, attended the meeting. As a result of the meeting, several decisions were made: (1) A General Motors engine would be specified as the prime mover; (2) A Carrier reciprocating compressor would be specified, however a Hitachi screw compressor with an integral oil sump was an interesting candidate if it was available in the right size and for the right price; (3) The motor/generator would provide two functions: as an induction motor and as a synchronous generator. The variable speed, constant frequency feature will not be included in the first generation product; and (4) The refrigerant will be R134-A.
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innovative hybrid gas Electric Chiller cogeneration
Other Information: PBD: 1 Apr 2000, 2000Co-Authors: G NowakowskiAbstract:January Progress--A kick-off meeting was held in San Diego with Alturdyne on January 21st. The proposed hybrid gas/Electric Chiller/cogenerator design concept was discussed in detail. The requirements and functionality of the key component, a variable speed, constant frequency motor/generator was presented. Variations of the proposed design were also discussed based on their technical feasibility, cost and market potential. The discussion is documented in a Trip Report. February Progress--After significant GRI/Alturdyne discussion regarding alternative product design concepts, the team made a decision to continue with the proposed product design, a hybrid Chiller capable of also providing emergency power. The primary benefits are: (a) the flexibility and operating cost savings associated with the product's dual fuel capability and (b) the emergency power feature. A variable speed, constant frequency motor/generator would significantly increase the cost of the product while providing marginal benefit. (The variable speed, constant frequency motor generator is estimated to cost $25,000 versus $4,000 for a constant speed version). In addition, the interconnection requirements to the Electric grid would significantly limit market penetration of the product. We will proceed with a motor/generator design capable of serving as the Electric prime mover for the compressor as well as the generator for emergencymore » power needs. This component design is being discussed with two motor manufacturers. The first generation motor/generator will not be a variable speed, constant frequency design. The variable speed, constant frequency capability can be an advancement that is included at a later time. The induction motor/synchronous generator starts as a wound rotor motor with a brushless exciter and control electronics to switch between induction mode and synchronous mode. The exciter is a three-phase exciter with three phase rotating diode assembly. In the induction motor mode, the field windings are shorted out by SCRs located across the field. In the synchronous mode, a small ct on one of the exciter leads would power the rotating exciter electronics. Upon sensing exciter current, the electronics would automatically open the SCRs allowing synchronous operation. Quotes will be obtained from American Motor and Reuland, two motor/generator vendors. March Progress--A product layout was completed. The width is reduced significantly from the original hybrid design because the evaporator and condenser tube in shell heat exchangers are located below the engine/motor/compressor drive-line. Alturdyne is searching for a consultant to perform a drive-line torsional analysis. This analysis is necessary to ensure that the drive-line is not subject to undue vibrations operating through its entire speed range. Much effort was directed toward motor/generator selection. A decision was made to use Reuland Electric. A motor with double-end shafts will be purchased. The design effort which will be completed at Alturdyne will involve the modification of the wound rotor motor to also provide synchronous power. Work has been completed on developing the new controller which will be utilized for the original hybrid product as well as this advanced product. Work continues toward developing a manufacturing cost estimate. A detailed bill of material will be developed for the product. Key components include the engine, compressor and motor/generator.« less
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Innovative hybrid gas/Electric Chiller cogeneration
2000Co-Authors: G NowakowskiAbstract:January Progress--A kick-off meeting was held in San Diego with Alturdyne on January 21st. The proposed hybrid gas/Electric Chiller/cogenerator design concept was discussed in detail. The requirements and functionality of the key component, a variable speed, constant frequency motor/generator was presented. Variations of the proposed design were also discussed based on their technical feasibility, cost and market potential. The discussion is documented in a Trip Report. February Progress--After significant GRI/Alturdyne discussion regarding alternative product design concepts, the team made a decision to continue with the proposed product design, a hybrid Chiller capable of also providing emergency power. The primary benefits are: (a) the flexibility and operating cost savings associated with the product's dual fuel capability and (b) the emergency power feature. A variable speed, constant frequency motor/generator would significantly increase the cost of the product while providing marginal benefit. (The variable speed, constant frequency motor generator is estimated to cost $25,000 versus $4,000 for a constant speed version). In addition, the interconnection requirements to the Electric grid would significantly limit market penetration of the product. We will proceed with a motor/generator design capable of serving as the Electric prime mover for the compressor as well as the generator for emergencymore » power needs. This component design is being discussed with two motor manufacturers. The first generation motor/generator will not be a variable speed, constant frequency design. The variable speed, constant frequency capability can be an advancement that is included at a later time. The induction motor/synchronous generator starts as a wound rotor motor with a brushless exciter and control electronics to switch between induction mode and synchronous mode. The exciter is a three-phase exciter with three phase rotating diode assembly. In the induction motor mode, the field windings are shorted out by SCRs located across the field. In the synchronous mode, a small ct on one of the exciter leads would power the rotating exciter electronics. Upon sensing exciter current, the electronics would automatically open the SCRs allowing synchronous operation. Quotes will be obtained from American Motor and Reuland, two motor/generator vendors. March Progress--A product layout was completed. The width is reduced significantly from the original hybrid design because the evaporator and condenser tube in shell heat exchangers are located below the engine/motor/compressor drive-line. Alturdyne is searching for a consultant to perform a drive-line torsional analysis. This analysis is necessary to ensure that the drive-line is not subject to undue vibrations operating through its entire speed range. Much effort was directed toward motor/generator selection. A decision was made to use Reuland Electric. A motor with double-end shafts will be purchased. The design effort which will be completed at Alturdyne will involve the modification of the wound rotor motor to also provide synchronous power. Work has been completed on developing the new controller which will be utilized for the original hybrid product as well as this advanced product. Work continues toward developing a manufacturing cost estimate. A detailed bill of material will be developed for the product. Key components include the engine, compressor and motor/generator.« less
Gerhard Schmitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental investigation of a ground-coupled desiccant assisted air conditioning system
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Arne Speerforck, Gerhard SchmitzAbstract:In a pilot installation at Hamburg University of Technology the coupled operation of an open cycle desiccant assisted air conditioning system with borehole heat exchangers is investigated. The paper presents experimental data recorded during the cooling period 2014. Results show that the Electricity demand of the system can be reduced to the parasitic consumption of the fans, wheels and pumps. An Electric energy efficiency ratio of 6.63 is achieved, enabling Electricity savings of more than 70% compared to a conventional reference system and 54% compared to a desiccant assisted hybrid system relying on an Electric Chiller. Comfort conditions can be maintained during the whole cooling period. The borehole heat exchangers work highly efficient, exhibiting a seasonal performance factor of 192.
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experiences with a gas driven desiccant assisted air conditioning system with geothermal energy for an office building
Energy and Buildings, 2005Co-Authors: Wilson Casas, Gerhard SchmitzAbstract:Thermal driven desiccant assisted air conditioning systems make use of waste heat to dehumidify humid outside air in a desiccant wheel. Within the scope of a research project, an investigation of a desiccant assisted air conditioning system was carried out, and a demonstration plant was built in an office building in Hamburg, Germany. The HVAC system consists of a small CHP-plant, a desiccant assisted ventilation system and an earth energy system (borehole heat exchangers) for cooling instead of an Electric driven compression Chiller. The radiant floor heating system of the building is used for cooling. In this paper, measurement results and investigations of performance, energy demand and operating costs will be presented. It was found that considerable primary energy savings can be achieved (70%) using desiccant air conditioning with borehole heat exchangers. But even if Electric Chiller is used, savings of 30% in primary energy can be accomplished. Starting costs for the demonstration plant were not higher than for a conventional system, but running costs could be reduced drastically.
Maurizio Sasso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A novel energy index to assess the impact of a solar PV-based ground source heat pump on the power grid
Renewable Energy, 2019Co-Authors: Carlo Roselli, Maurizio Sasso, Giuseppe Diglio, F. TarielloAbstract:Abstract A novel energy index to assess plants capable of producing Electricity from a renewable source is introduced in this paper. This index allows to evaluate the bidirectional energy flows on the external power grid, due the Electricity exported to the grid from a renewable-based system and the Electricity imported from the grid, in comparison to the Electricity demand of a building. In this paper, attention is focused on a solar photovoltaic (PV) system satisfying the energy demands of an office building. Electricity from the solar PV system is partly used to operate a ground source heat pump to meet space heating and cooling demands, and partly used for other Electrical loads. An energy, economic and environmental impact analysis of the proposed system is also reported. A sensitivity analysis varying the photovoltaic system capacity (2.5–10.0 kW) and the battery storage size (3.2–9.6 kWh) is also carried out. A saving in terms of primary energy and a carbon dioxide emission reduction can be obtained by a renewable-based system compared to a conventional one consisting of a natural gas fuelled boiler for space heating, an Electric Chiller for space cooling and the national power grid for Electricity demand.
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Integration between Electric heat pump and PV system to increase self-consumption of an office application
Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, 2017Co-Authors: Carlo Roselli, Maurizio Sasso, F. TarielloAbstract:The paper examines a solar Electric driven heat pump serving an office building located in southern Italy. To satisfy space heating and cooling demand a heat pump activated by Electric energy available from solar photovoltaic plant is here considered. In order to improve the self-consumption of Electricity available from photovoltaic system different configurations were considered introducing an Electric storage and an Electric vehicle. Dynamic simulations to evaluate energy performance of the system varying photovoltaic peak power (4.5–7.5 kW) have been carried out. The proposed system achieves a fossil fuel primary energy saving up to about 96% in comparison to the reference conventional system based on a natural gas fired boiler, an Electric Chiller and the national Electric grid. The results show that fossil fuel primary energy saving is higher when there are no storage battery and Electric vehicle.
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Numerical study of a MIL101 metal organic framework based desiccant cooling system for air conditioning applications
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Piero Bareschino, Giovanni Angrisani, Carlo Roselli, Giuseppe Diglio, Francesco Pepe, Maurizio SassoAbstract:Abstract The use of a MIL101@GO-6 (MILGO) based Desiccant Wheel in a desiccant cooling system for air conditioning has been numerically studied. MILGO is a novel composite material, consisting of 6% w/w graphite oxide dispersed in the MIL101 metal organic framework network structure (J. Yan et al., Appl. Therm. Eng. 84, 118, 2015), and benefits from an outstanding water uptake, about 6 times greater than that of conventional silica gel adsorbent. A previously validated gas side resistance mathematical model has been used to evaluate the performances of the MILGO based desiccant wheel, finding that its dehumidification effectiveness is about 30% higher than that of a conventional silica gel based desiccant wheel under the simulation conditions tested. Additionally, using a simplified effectiveness method, the performances of an air handling units equipped with this novel desiccant wheel, interacting with a cogenerator, an Electric Chiller and a natural gas boiler, have been investigated in TRNSYS™ environment. The analysis showed that a MILGO based Air Handling Unit has better energy, environmental and economic performances than a conventional, silica gel based one with, in the best case scenario, a fuel energy saving ratio and equivalent CO2 avoided emission of 20.5%, and operating cost saving of 369 €·y−1.
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Integration between Electric vehicle charging and PV system to increase self-consumption of an office application
Energy Conversion and Management, 2016Co-Authors: Carlo Roselli, Maurizio SassoAbstract:Abstract The paper analyzes the introduction of a photovoltaic system satisfying Electric, space heating and cooling demand of an office building located in southern Italy. The Electric load is due to an Electric heat pump, used to satisfy space heating and cooling load, a pure Electric demand (personal computers, printers, lighting, etc.) and an Electric vehicle charged during working hours. Dynamic simulations to evaluate the energy and environmental performance of the analyzed system considering different photovoltaic peak powers (4.5–9.0 kW), Electric vehicle distance per day (40–120 km) and charging mode is carried out. The solar based system shows primary energy saving and equivalent carbon dioxide emission reduction higher than 40% in comparison to the reference conventional system based on a natural gas fired boiler, an Electric Chiller and a diesel car. The results highlight that the solar energy system is more competitive when DC charging system is provided.
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Dynamic performance assessment of a micro-trigeneration system with a desiccant-based air handling unit in Southern Italy climatic conditions
Energy Conversion and Management, 2014Co-Authors: Giovanni Angrisani, Carlo Roselli, Maurizio Sasso, F. TarielloAbstract:Abstract In this work, a system consisting of a small scale trigeneration system, in which a heat-led microcogenerator interacts with a desiccant-based cooling system, equipped with a silica-gel desiccant wheel, is analyzed. The system provides the air-conditioning service to a lecture room during summer and winter periods and, over the whole year, thermal energy for domestic hot water production to a nearby multifamily house. Electricity from the cogenerator is used to drive the Electric Chiller, the auxiliaries as well as further Electric appliances of the lecture room. This trigeneration system is compared with a reference system, equipped with a conventional air handling unit, based on cooling dehumidification for summer air conditioning. Electricity to power the Electric Chiller, the auxiliaries, as well as Electric appliances is drawn from the grid. Thermal energy for winter space heating, air post-heating during summer and domestic hot water purposes is provided by a natural gas boiler. Experimental tests, as well as data derived from manufacturers, are used to implement a model of both systems. Simulations were then performed by means of TRNSYS software to compare their thermo-economic performance. A sensitivity analysis has been performed, to analyse the effect of the share of cogenerated Electricity consumed on-site. The analysis shows encouraging results, given the Italian energy context for the small scale trigeneration system, in terms of primary energy consumption and equivalent carbon dioxide emissions reductions, with maximum values of 7.70% and 15.3%, respectively; on the other hand, it is difficult to achieve a reasonably short pay-back period for the system, even if it accesses all the support mechanisms introduced by Italian legislation for small scale gas fuelled trigeneration systems and a very high amount of cogenerated Electricity is used on-site.
Sergio Sibilio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experimental analysis of a micro trigeneration system composed of a micro cogenerator coupled with an Electric Chiller
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Giovanni Ciampi, Antonio Rosato, Michelangelo Scorpio, Sergio SibilioAbstract:Abstract Micro-trigeneration is one of the most promising technologies allowing the simultaneous production of Electricity, heat and cooling on a small-scale basis, with a potential contribution to significant primary energy saving and greenhouse gas emission reduction if compared with the conventional separate energy production. The on-site performance of a micro-trigeneration plant serving the Built Environment Control Laboratory of Second University of Naples (south of Italy) during summer were measured and analyzed; the system was composed of a 6.0 kW natural gas-fueled reciprocating internal combustion engine-based micro-cogeneration unit feeding a 7.5 kW Electric air-cooled water Chiller. The experimental data were compared with the performance of conventional systems based on separate energy production in order to assess the feasibility of the proposed system; the comparison was performed according to the Italian scenario by estimating the potential savings in terms of primary energy consumption, operating costs and carbon dioxide equivalent emissions.
Wilson Casas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experiences with a gas driven desiccant assisted air conditioning system with geothermal energy for an office building
Energy and Buildings, 2005Co-Authors: Wilson Casas, Gerhard SchmitzAbstract:Thermal driven desiccant assisted air conditioning systems make use of waste heat to dehumidify humid outside air in a desiccant wheel. Within the scope of a research project, an investigation of a desiccant assisted air conditioning system was carried out, and a demonstration plant was built in an office building in Hamburg, Germany. The HVAC system consists of a small CHP-plant, a desiccant assisted ventilation system and an earth energy system (borehole heat exchangers) for cooling instead of an Electric driven compression Chiller. The radiant floor heating system of the building is used for cooling. In this paper, measurement results and investigations of performance, energy demand and operating costs will be presented. It was found that considerable primary energy savings can be achieved (70%) using desiccant air conditioning with borehole heat exchangers. But even if Electric Chiller is used, savings of 30% in primary energy can be accomplished. Starting costs for the demonstration plant were not higher than for a conventional system, but running costs could be reduced drastically.