The Experts below are selected from a list of 21903 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Teresa Pelaez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia an Emerging Infectious Disease
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Patricia Munoz, Emilio Bouza, Manuel Cuencaestrella, Jose Maria Eiros, Maria Jesus Perez, Mar Sanchezsomolinos, Cristina Rincon, Javier Hortal, Teresa PelaezAbstract:Background. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well known in the baking and brewing industry and is also used as a probiotic in humans. However, it is a very uncommon cause of infection in humans. Methods. During the period of 15–30 April 2003, we found 3 patients with S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU). An epidemiological study was performed, and the medical records for all patients who were in the unit during the second half of April were assessed. Results. The only identified risk factor for S. cerevisiae infection was treatment with a probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii (Ultralevura; Bristol-Myers Squibb). This probiotic is used in Europe for the treatment and prevention of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea. The 3 patients received the product via nasograstric tube for a mean duration of 8.5 days before the culture result was positive, whereas only 2 of 41 control subjects had received it. Surveillance cultures for the control patients admitted at the same time did not reveal any carriers of the yeast. Strains from the probiotic capsules and the clinical isolates were identified as S. cerevisiae, with identical DNA fingerprinting. Discontinuation of use of the product in the unit stopped the outbreak of infection. A review of the literature identified another 57 cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia. Overall, 60% of these patients were in the ICU, and 71% were receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. Use of probiotics was detected in 26 patients, and 17 patients died. Conclusions. Use of S. cerevisiae probiotics should be carefully reassessed, particularly in immunosuppressed or critically ill patients. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known yeast used in the food industry. It has now been demonstrated that this yeast can cause different forms of invasive infection [1–3], frequently after administration as a probiotic for the treatment of antibiotic-related diarrhea [4]. We report an outbreak of S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU) that was traced, by means of molecular methods, to the use of probiotics, and we review all cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia that have been reported in the literature.
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saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia an Emerging Infectious Disease
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Patricia Munoz, Emilio Bouza, Manuel Cuencaestrella, Jose Maria Eiros, Maria Jesus Perez, Mar Sanchezsomolinos, Cristina Rincon, Javier Hortal, Teresa PelaezAbstract:Background. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well known in the baking and brewing industry and is also used as a probiotic in humans. However, it is a very uncommon cause of infection in humans. Methods. During the period of 15–30 April 2003, we found 3 patients with S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU). An epidemiological study was performed, and the medical records for all patients who were in the unit during the second half of April were assessed. Results. The only identified risk factor for S. cerevisiae infection was treatment with a probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii (Ultralevura; Bristol-Myers Squibb). This probiotic is used in Europe for the treatment and prevention of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea. The 3 patients received the product via nasograstric tube for a mean duration of 8.5 days before the culture result was positive, whereas only 2 of 41 control subjects had received it. Surveillance cultures for the control patients admitted at the same time did not reveal any carriers of the yeast. Strains from the probiotic capsules and the clinical isolates were identified as S. cerevisiae, with identical DNA fingerprinting. Discontinuation of use of the product in the unit stopped the outbreak of infection. A review of the literature identified another 57 cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia. Overall, 60% of these patients were in the ICU, and 71% were receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. Use of probiotics was detected in 26 patients, and 17 patients died. Conclusions. Use of S. cerevisiae probiotics should be carefully reassessed, particularly in immunosuppressed or critically ill patients. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known yeast used in the food industry. It has now been demonstrated that this yeast can cause different forms of invasive infection [1–3], frequently after administration as a probiotic for the treatment of antibiotic-related diarrhea [4]. We report an outbreak of S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU) that was traced, by means of molecular methods, to the use of probiotics, and we review all cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia that have been reported in the literature.
Natalia Martinkova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ectoparasites may serve as vectors for the white nose syndrome fungus
Parasites & Vectors, 2016Co-Authors: Radek Lucan, Tomas Bartonicka, Jan Zukal, Hana Bandouchova, Jiri Pikula, Natalia Martinkova, Alexandra ZahradnikovaAbstract:Background Vertebrate ectoparasites frequently play a role in transmission of Infectious agents. Pseudogymnoascus destructans is a psychrophilic fungus known to cause white-nose syndrome (WNS), an Emerging Infectious Disease of bats. It is transmitted with direct contact between bats or with contaminated environment. The aim of this study was to examine wing mites from the family Spinturnicidae parasitizing hibernating bats for the presence of P. destructans propagules as another possible transmission route.
John S Brownstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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drivers of Emerging Infectious Disease events as a framework for digital detection
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Sarah H Olson, Corey M Benedum, Sumiko R Mekaru, Nicholas D Preston, Jonna A K Mazet, Damien O Joly, John S BrownsteinAbstract:The growing field of digital Disease detection, or epidemic intelligence, attempts to improve timely detection and awareness of Infectious Disease (ID) events. Early detection remains an important priority; thus, the next frontier for ID surveillance is to improve the recognition and monitoring of drivers (antecedent conditions) of ID emergence for signals that precede Disease events. These data could help alert public health officials to indicators of elevated ID risk, thereby triggering targeted active surveillance and interventions. We believe that ID emergence risks can be anticipated through surveillance of their drivers, just as successful warning systems of climate-based, meteorologically sensitive Diseases are supported by improved temperature and precipitation data. We present approaches to driver surveillance, gaps in the current literature, and a scientific framework for the creation of a digital warning system. Fulfilling the promise of driver surveillance will require concerted action to expand the collection of appropriate digital driver data.
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global capacity for Emerging Infectious Disease detection
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010Co-Authors: Emily H Chan, Amy L Sonricker, Mikaela Keller, Clark C Freifeld, Michael Blench, Abla Mawudeku, Marjorie P Pollack, Lawrence C. Madoff, Timothy F. Brewer, John S BrownsteinAbstract:The increasing number of Emerging Infectious Disease events that have spread internationally, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the 2009 pandemic A/H1N1, highlight the need for improvements in global outbreak surveillance. It is expected that the proliferation of Internet-based reports has resulted in greater communication and improved surveillance and reporting frameworks, especially with the revision of the World Health Organization's (WHO) International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), which went into force in 2007. However, there has been no global quantitative assessment of whether and how outbreak detection and communication processes have actually changed over time. In this study, we analyzed the entire WHO public record of Disease Outbreak News reports from 1996 to 2009 to characterize spatial-temporal trends in the timeliness of outbreak discovery and public communication about the outbreak relative to the estimated outbreak start date. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses show that overall, the timeliness of outbreak discovery improved by 7.3% [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.073, 95% CI (1.038; 1.110)] per year, and public communication improved by 6.2% [HR = 1.062, 95% CI (1.028; 1.096)] per year. However, the degree of improvement varied by geographic region; the only WHO region with statistically significant (α = 0.05) improvement in outbreak discovery was the Western Pacific region [HR = 1.102 per year, 95% CI (1.008; 1.205)], whereas the Eastern Mediterranean [HR = 1.201 per year, 95% CI (1.066; 1.353)] and Western Pacific regions [HR = 1.119 per year, 95% CI (1.025; 1.221)] showed improvement in public communication. These findings provide quantitative historical assessment of timeliness in Infectious Disease detection and public reporting of outbreaks.
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surveillance sans frontieres internet based Emerging Infectious Disease intelligence and the healthmap project
PLOS Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: John S Brownstein, Clark C Freifeld, Ben Y Reis, Kenneth D MandlAbstract:John Brownstein and colleagues discuss HealthMap, an automated real-time system that monitors and disseminates online information about Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Patricia Munoz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia an Emerging Infectious Disease
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Patricia Munoz, Emilio Bouza, Manuel Cuencaestrella, Jose Maria Eiros, Maria Jesus Perez, Mar Sanchezsomolinos, Cristina Rincon, Javier Hortal, Teresa PelaezAbstract:Background. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well known in the baking and brewing industry and is also used as a probiotic in humans. However, it is a very uncommon cause of infection in humans. Methods. During the period of 15–30 April 2003, we found 3 patients with S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU). An epidemiological study was performed, and the medical records for all patients who were in the unit during the second half of April were assessed. Results. The only identified risk factor for S. cerevisiae infection was treatment with a probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii (Ultralevura; Bristol-Myers Squibb). This probiotic is used in Europe for the treatment and prevention of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea. The 3 patients received the product via nasograstric tube for a mean duration of 8.5 days before the culture result was positive, whereas only 2 of 41 control subjects had received it. Surveillance cultures for the control patients admitted at the same time did not reveal any carriers of the yeast. Strains from the probiotic capsules and the clinical isolates were identified as S. cerevisiae, with identical DNA fingerprinting. Discontinuation of use of the product in the unit stopped the outbreak of infection. A review of the literature identified another 57 cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia. Overall, 60% of these patients were in the ICU, and 71% were receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. Use of probiotics was detected in 26 patients, and 17 patients died. Conclusions. Use of S. cerevisiae probiotics should be carefully reassessed, particularly in immunosuppressed or critically ill patients. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known yeast used in the food industry. It has now been demonstrated that this yeast can cause different forms of invasive infection [1–3], frequently after administration as a probiotic for the treatment of antibiotic-related diarrhea [4]. We report an outbreak of S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU) that was traced, by means of molecular methods, to the use of probiotics, and we review all cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia that have been reported in the literature.
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saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia an Emerging Infectious Disease
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Patricia Munoz, Emilio Bouza, Manuel Cuencaestrella, Jose Maria Eiros, Maria Jesus Perez, Mar Sanchezsomolinos, Cristina Rincon, Javier Hortal, Teresa PelaezAbstract:Background. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well known in the baking and brewing industry and is also used as a probiotic in humans. However, it is a very uncommon cause of infection in humans. Methods. During the period of 15–30 April 2003, we found 3 patients with S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU). An epidemiological study was performed, and the medical records for all patients who were in the unit during the second half of April were assessed. Results. The only identified risk factor for S. cerevisiae infection was treatment with a probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii (Ultralevura; Bristol-Myers Squibb). This probiotic is used in Europe for the treatment and prevention of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea. The 3 patients received the product via nasograstric tube for a mean duration of 8.5 days before the culture result was positive, whereas only 2 of 41 control subjects had received it. Surveillance cultures for the control patients admitted at the same time did not reveal any carriers of the yeast. Strains from the probiotic capsules and the clinical isolates were identified as S. cerevisiae, with identical DNA fingerprinting. Discontinuation of use of the product in the unit stopped the outbreak of infection. A review of the literature identified another 57 cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia. Overall, 60% of these patients were in the ICU, and 71% were receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. Use of probiotics was detected in 26 patients, and 17 patients died. Conclusions. Use of S. cerevisiae probiotics should be carefully reassessed, particularly in immunosuppressed or critically ill patients. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known yeast used in the food industry. It has now been demonstrated that this yeast can cause different forms of invasive infection [1–3], frequently after administration as a probiotic for the treatment of antibiotic-related diarrhea [4]. We report an outbreak of S. cerevisiae fungemia in an intensive care unit (ICU) that was traced, by means of molecular methods, to the use of probiotics, and we review all cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia that have been reported in the literature.
Klaus Stohr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the severe acute respiratory syndrome
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2003Co-Authors: Joseph Sriyal Peiris, Albertus D M E Osterhaus, Kwok Y. Yuen, Klaus StohrAbstract:textabstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is responsible for the first pandemic of the 21st century. Within months after its emergence in Guangdong Province in mainland China, it had affected more than 8000 patients and caused 774 deaths in 26 countries on five continents. It illustrated dramatically the potential of air travel and globalization for the dissemination of an Emerging Infectious Disease and highlighted the need for a coordinated global response to contain such Disease threats. We review the cause, epidemiology, and clinical features of the Disease.