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Richard Harrington - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Maternal attributions and expressed emotion as predictors of attendance at parent management training
    Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sarah Peters, Rachel Calam, Richard Harrington
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of parent management training (PMT) as a treatment for child behaviour problems is reduced by high attrition rates. One difficulty with engaging mothers is that, by definition, PMT is directed at the parent, yet many parents believe the cause of the problem lies within the child. Hence the model of therapy offered contradicts their understanding about the cause and nature of the problem. Moreover, the Emotional Consequence of holding child-responsibility causal attributions is associated with high expressed emotion (EE), a known predictor of poor compliance with therapy in other child psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Seventy-five consecutive referrals of mothers to a PMT programme were recruited. EE was assessed using the Camberwell Family Interview methodology. Spontaneous causal attributions about their child's problem behaviour were collected from the same interview material and independently coded using the Leeds Attributional Coding System. Attendance data at the PMT programme was collected following completion of programmes. RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, mothers who made child-responsibility attributions and were highly critical about their child's behaviour were no more likely than non-blaming, low EE parents to drop out prematurely from a course of PMT. However, expressing an understanding of their own role in managing their child's behaviour was predictive of attendance. Two factors were, however, more closely associated with greater attrition: having been offered a clinical diagnosis and being from a lower socio-economic family. CONCLUSIONS: Socio-economic factors should be viewed as barriers to uptake of services and successful strategies for increasing engagement of families are likely to be economical rather than psychological. However, although the causal attributions mothers make about their child's behaviour did not predict whether they were likely to attend PMT, an exploratory analysis found evidence to suggest that successful engagement with PMT begins early in the referral process and that referring clinicians should ensure treatment options are aligned with diagnoses provided.

Sarah Peters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Maternal attributions and expressed emotion as predictors of attendance at parent management training
    Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sarah Peters, Rachel Calam, Richard Harrington
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of parent management training (PMT) as a treatment for child behaviour problems is reduced by high attrition rates. One difficulty with engaging mothers is that, by definition, PMT is directed at the parent, yet many parents believe the cause of the problem lies within the child. Hence the model of therapy offered contradicts their understanding about the cause and nature of the problem. Moreover, the Emotional Consequence of holding child-responsibility causal attributions is associated with high expressed emotion (EE), a known predictor of poor compliance with therapy in other child psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Seventy-five consecutive referrals of mothers to a PMT programme were recruited. EE was assessed using the Camberwell Family Interview methodology. Spontaneous causal attributions about their child's problem behaviour were collected from the same interview material and independently coded using the Leeds Attributional Coding System. Attendance data at the PMT programme was collected following completion of programmes. RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, mothers who made child-responsibility attributions and were highly critical about their child's behaviour were no more likely than non-blaming, low EE parents to drop out prematurely from a course of PMT. However, expressing an understanding of their own role in managing their child's behaviour was predictive of attendance. Two factors were, however, more closely associated with greater attrition: having been offered a clinical diagnosis and being from a lower socio-economic family. CONCLUSIONS: Socio-economic factors should be viewed as barriers to uptake of services and successful strategies for increasing engagement of families are likely to be economical rather than psychological. However, although the causal attributions mothers make about their child's behaviour did not predict whether they were likely to attend PMT, an exploratory analysis found evidence to suggest that successful engagement with PMT begins early in the referral process and that referring clinicians should ensure treatment options are aligned with diagnoses provided.

González Herrera Inmaculada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Estrategias de afrontamiento de profesionales que atienden a la infancia y adolescencia con necesidades de apoyo: una aproximación desde la ética del humor
    2021
    Co-Authors: González Herrera Inmaculada
    Abstract:

    Marco teórico. El presente trabajo de investigación aborda en su marco teórico el concepto de discapacidad y cómo éste ha ido cambiando a lo largo del tiempo desde un enfoque centrado en la discapacidad hasta un modelo centrado en la persona. Más adelante analiza la salud y la calidad de vida de los/as profesionales que atienden a niños/as y adolescentes con necesidades de apoyo, así como los factores que pueden repercutir en la sensación de estar quemado/a en el trabajo, cuestión que se deriva del estrés laboral, el burnout o la fatiga por compasión. A continuación pone el foco en las distintas estrategias que utilizan estos/as profesionales y, entre ellas, el humor ético. Para finalizar, analiza la inteligencia emocional de los/as profesionales que cuidan y atienden a la infancia y adolescencia con necesidades de apoyo. Objetivos e hipótesis. El objetivo general de la tesis es estudiar el papel del humor y otras estrategias de afrontamiento como protectores del bienestar, incluyendo satisfacción con la vida y salud percibida, en una muestra de profesionales que atienden a niños, niñas y adolescentes con necesidades de apoyo. Método. Estudio mixto con metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. En el estudio cuantitativo participaron 287 profesionales que atienden menores con necesidades de apoyo de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los análisis incluyeron análisis de fiabilidad y validez, análisis descriptivos e inferenciales, y la estimación de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. En la parte cualitativa se entrevistó a 25 profesionales con contacto continuo con la población objeto de estudio y experiencia mínima de un año en su trabajo actual. Resultados. Las escalas mostraron adecuadas evidencias de fiabilidad y validez. En los análisis en función de las características sociodemográficas se encontraron diferencias en relación con el estado civil, el área y el puesto de trabajo. A mayor edad se obtuvieron menores niveles de atención y claridad emocional, salud mental y casi todas las estrategias (reevaluación positiva, evitación, focalización en la solución del problema y búsqueda de apoyo social); y mayor nivel de salud y de la estrategia religión. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales tuvo un ajuste adecuado, y se consiguió explicar un 44.5% de la salud física, un 70.7% de la salud mental y un 42.3% de la satisfacción con la vida. En el estudio cualitativo, los/as entrevistados/as creen que su trabajo puede desencadenar estrés y burnout causado habitualmente por: motivaciones emocionales, las condiciones en las que desempeñan sus tareas, las características de los/as menores y las características del trabajo que realizan. En los efectos emocionales se identificó hasta 15 secuelas distintas como llanto, ansiedad, tristeza, etc.; en los efectos sobre el comportamiento falta de desconexión, cambios en el apetito, mal humor, etc.; y en los efectos físicos dificultades de sueño, dolores musculares y de cabeza, cansancio, etc. En los/as profesionales el fenómeno que predomina es la satisfacción por compasión. Además, el recurso del humor es utilizado por estos /as profesionales. Conclusiones. Se ha mostrado que la edad se relaciona con la inteligencia emocional, la salud y casi todas las estrategias de afrontamiento. Los/as trabajadores del área educativa puntúan más alto en salud mental que los de otras áreas no especificadas; y los del área sanitaria recurren más a la religión que los demás. Los/as directivos, técnicos/as y personal de atención directa valoran mejores condiciones de trabajo que el personal de servicios. Sin embargo, el personal de servicios registra más salud física que los/as directivos/as y técnicos. Además, los directivos/as puntúan más alto que el personal de servicios y el de atención directa en reevaluación positiva y en focalización en la solución del problema. El género, la formación previa y la titularidad del centro de trabajo son factores que no influyen ni en los antecedentes ni en los indicadores de bienestar. Del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales extraemos que profesionales con mejores condiciones de trabajo, menor inteligencia emocional, mayor uso de estrategias de evitación y menor focalización en la solución de problemas muestran mayores niveles de salud física. Aquellos con mayores niveles de humor estratégico y menor uso de autofocalización negativa presentan mayores niveles de salud mental. Aquellos con mejores condiciones de trabajo, mayores niveles de humor estratégico y evitación, y menores puntuaciones en autofocalización negativa, presentan más satisfacción con la vida. El estrés y burnout se predice por motivos emocionales, condiciones y características de su trabajo y las características de los/as menores. La mayoría experimentaron estrés y, ese estrés, a veces, ha derivado en burnout. El estrés y el burnout tuvo consecuencias físicas, emocionales y en el comportamiento. En el resultado emocional de su labor identifican satisfacción por compasión. El humor es un recurso utilizado como estrategia de afrontamiento tanto personal como social y utilizan, principalmente, el humor ético.Theoretical framework. In this research work, the concept of disability is addressed within its theoretical framework. It also takes into consideration how this concept has changed over time from a disability-centred approach to a person-centred model. Further on, it analyses the health and quality of life of the professionals who care for children and adolescents with support needs. In the same way, it tackles the factors that can prone to the feeling of being burned out at work, an issue that derives from job stress, burnout, or compassion fatigue. The research focuses then on the different strategies used by these professionals and, among them, what is known as ethical humour. Finally, it analyses the Emotional intelligence of the professionals who care for and look after children and adolescents with support needs. Objectives and hypotheses. The overall aim of the thesis is to study the role of humour and other coping strategies as protectors of well-being, including satisfaction with life and perceived health. The study was conducted on a sample of professionals who care for children and adolescents with support needs. Method. Mixed study with a quantitative and qualitative methodology. In the quantitative study, 287 professionals who care for minors with support needs from the Valencian Community participated. The study included reliability and validity analysis, descriptive and inferential analysis, and the estimation of a structural equation model. In the qualitative part, 25 professionals with continuous contact with the population under study and experience of at least one year in their current job were interviewed. Results. The scales showed appropriate evidence of reliability and validity. In the analysis based on sociodemographic characteristics, differences were found concerning marital status, work area and job position. At an older age, the results obtained were, on the one hand, lower levels of attention and Emotional clarity, mental health and almost all the strategies (positive reassessment, avoidance, focus on problem-solving and search for social support); and on the other hand, higher level of health and religious coping strategy. The structural equations model had a proper setting, and it was possible to explain 44.5% of physical health, 70.7% of mental health and 42.3% of satisfaction with life. In the qualitative study, the interviewees believe that their work can trigger stress and burnout. Both caused by Emotional reasons, the conditions in which they perform their tasks, the characteristics of the minors and the features of the work they do. Within the Emotional effects, up to 15 different after-effects were identified such as crying, anxiety, sadness, etc.; regarding the effects on behaviour: lack of disconnection, changes in appetite, bad mood, etc.; and in the physical effects: sleep difficulties, muscle aches and headaches, fatigue, etc. In professionals, the predominant phenomenon is satisfaction out of compassion. In addition, these professionals used humour as a resource. Conclusions. Age has been found to be related to Emotional intelligence, health, and almost all coping strategies. Workers in the educational area score higher in mental health than those in other unspecified areas, and those in the health area resort to religion more than the others. Managers, technicians, and direct care personnel score higher for better working conditions than service personnel. However, service personnel register better physical health than managers and technicians. In addition, managers score higher than service and direct care personnel in positive reassessment and in focusing on solving problems. Gender, previous training, and ownership of the workplace are factors that do not influence either the background or the welfare indicators. From the structural equations model, it can be concluded that professionals with better working conditions, lower Emotional intelligence, greater use of avoidance strategies and less focus on problem-solving show higher levels of physical health. Those with higher levels of strategic humour and less use of negative self-focusing have higher levels of mental health. Those with better working conditions, higher levels of strategic humour and harm avoidance, and lower scores on negative self-focusing, show more satisfaction with life. Stress and burnout are predicted by Emotional reasons. Among these reasons are the conditions and quality of work and the characteristics of the minors. Most of them experienced stress which sometimes has led to burnout. Stress and burnout had physical, Emotional, and behavioural Consequences. As an Emotional Consequence of their work, they identify satisfaction by compassion. Humour is a resource used as a personal and social coping strategy, and they mainly use ethical humour

Rachel Calam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Maternal attributions and expressed emotion as predictors of attendance at parent management training
    Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sarah Peters, Rachel Calam, Richard Harrington
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of parent management training (PMT) as a treatment for child behaviour problems is reduced by high attrition rates. One difficulty with engaging mothers is that, by definition, PMT is directed at the parent, yet many parents believe the cause of the problem lies within the child. Hence the model of therapy offered contradicts their understanding about the cause and nature of the problem. Moreover, the Emotional Consequence of holding child-responsibility causal attributions is associated with high expressed emotion (EE), a known predictor of poor compliance with therapy in other child psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Seventy-five consecutive referrals of mothers to a PMT programme were recruited. EE was assessed using the Camberwell Family Interview methodology. Spontaneous causal attributions about their child's problem behaviour were collected from the same interview material and independently coded using the Leeds Attributional Coding System. Attendance data at the PMT programme was collected following completion of programmes. RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, mothers who made child-responsibility attributions and were highly critical about their child's behaviour were no more likely than non-blaming, low EE parents to drop out prematurely from a course of PMT. However, expressing an understanding of their own role in managing their child's behaviour was predictive of attendance. Two factors were, however, more closely associated with greater attrition: having been offered a clinical diagnosis and being from a lower socio-economic family. CONCLUSIONS: Socio-economic factors should be viewed as barriers to uptake of services and successful strategies for increasing engagement of families are likely to be economical rather than psychological. However, although the causal attributions mothers make about their child's behaviour did not predict whether they were likely to attend PMT, an exploratory analysis found evidence to suggest that successful engagement with PMT begins early in the referral process and that referring clinicians should ensure treatment options are aligned with diagnoses provided.

Broomfield Niall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Post-stroke Emotionalism (PSE): A qualitative longitudinal study exploring individuals experience with PSE
    'Informa UK Limited', 2021
    Co-Authors: Fitzgerald Sophie, Gracey Fergus, Broomfield Niall
    Abstract:

    Background: Post-stroke Emotionalism (PSE) is a common Emotional Consequence of stroke characterised by episodes of crying or laughing. There is only one published qualitative study exploring the experience of Emotionalism to date. Objectives: To explore individuals experience of PSE, describe how experience of living with PSE may change over time and develop a theoretical client-derived framework to shape future psychological interventions. Method: A qualitative secondary analysis of pseudonymised pre-collected semi-structured interview data was completed. Participants were recruited from nine acute stroke units in Scotland. Interviews were completed at two-weeks, six-months and 12-months post-stroke. Results: Data was analysed from 52 participants at two-weeks, 25 participants at six-months and 23 participants at 12-months. Three major themes were identified: ‘In the moment’, describing characteristics and triggers, ‘Ways of coping’, highlighted a variation of coping strategies including avoidance or acceptance and ‘Impact’, outlining the longer-term effects of PSE such as individuals’ beliefs. Analysis of changes over time highlighted increases in participants reporting of barriers to control, aspects of avoidance and wishing to hide Emotional responses. Conclusion: The results indicate specific psychological aspects of PSE which could be viable targets in psychological interventions such as increasing adaptive coping strategies and challenging negatively held beliefs