The Experts below are selected from a list of 21 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

James W. Lash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Morphoregulatory Mechanisms Underlying Early Heart Development: Precardiac Stages to the Looping, Tubular Heart
    Living Morphogenesis of the Heart, 1998
    Co-Authors: Kersti K. Linask, James W. Lash
    Abstract:

    The formation of a single, beating, tubular heart in the embryo by the fusion of the two Endocardial Tubes is one of the early processes leading to normal heart development. Because of the prominence of this developmental event, there is often an underlying assumption that abnormalities that may lead to congenital heart disease arise during this fusion process and in the developmental events that follow during the later modeling of the chambers, septa, and valves. There is truth in this, but the developmental processes that take place before this are of equal or greater importance for cardiovascular development.

Kersti K. Linask - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Morphoregulatory Mechanisms Underlying Early Heart Development: Precardiac Stages to the Looping, Tubular Heart
    Living Morphogenesis of the Heart, 1998
    Co-Authors: Kersti K. Linask, James W. Lash
    Abstract:

    The formation of a single, beating, tubular heart in the embryo by the fusion of the two Endocardial Tubes is one of the early processes leading to normal heart development. Because of the prominence of this developmental event, there is often an underlying assumption that abnormalities that may lead to congenital heart disease arise during this fusion process and in the developmental events that follow during the later modeling of the chambers, septa, and valves. There is truth in this, but the developmental processes that take place before this are of equal or greater importance for cardiovascular development.

Catalina Hernández-sánchez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tyrosine hydroxylase is expressed during early heart development and is required for cardiac chamber formation
    Cardiovascular Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Carmen Lopez-sanchez, Óscar Bártulos, Enrique Martínez-campos, Carlos M. Gañan, A.i. Valenciano, Virginio Garcia-martinez, Flora De Pablo, Catalina Hernández-sánchez
    Abstract:

    Aims Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. Whereas the neuroendocrine roles of cathecolamines postnatally are well known, the presence and function of TH in organogenesis is unclear. The aim of this study was to define the expression of TH during cardiac development and to unravel the role it may play in heart formation. Methods and results We studied TH expression in chick embryos by whole mount in situ hybridization and by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and analysed TH activity by high-performance liquid chromatography. We used gain- and loss-of-function models to characterize the role of TH in early cardiogenesis. We found that TH expression was enriched in the cardiac field of gastrulating chick embryos. By stage 8, TH mRNA was restricted to the splanchnic mesoderm of both Endocardial Tubes and was subsequently expressed predominantly in the myocardial layer of the atrial segment. Overexpression of TH led to increased atrial myosin heavy chain (AMHC1) and T-box 5 gene (Tbx5) expression in the ventricular region and induced bradyarrhythmia. Similarly, addition of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) or dopamine induced ectopic expression of cardiac transcription factors (cNkx2.5, Tbx5) and AMHC1 as well as sarcomere formation. Conversely, blockage of dopamine biosynthesis and loss of TH activity decreased AMHC1 and Tbx5 expression, whereas exposure to retinoic acid (RA) induced TH expression in parallel to that of AMHC1 and Tbx5. Concordantly, inhibition of endogenous RA synthesis decreased TH expression as well as that of AMHC1 and Tbx5. Conclusion TH is expressed in a dynamic pattern during the primitive heart tube formation. TH induces cardiac differentiation in vivo and it is a key regulator of the heart patterning, conferring atriogenic identity.

Carmen Lopez-sanchez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tyrosine hydroxylase is expressed during early heart development and is required for cardiac chamber formation
    Cardiovascular Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Carmen Lopez-sanchez, Óscar Bártulos, Enrique Martínez-campos, Carlos M. Gañan, A.i. Valenciano, Virginio Garcia-martinez, Flora De Pablo, Catalina Hernández-sánchez
    Abstract:

    Aims Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. Whereas the neuroendocrine roles of cathecolamines postnatally are well known, the presence and function of TH in organogenesis is unclear. The aim of this study was to define the expression of TH during cardiac development and to unravel the role it may play in heart formation. Methods and results We studied TH expression in chick embryos by whole mount in situ hybridization and by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and analysed TH activity by high-performance liquid chromatography. We used gain- and loss-of-function models to characterize the role of TH in early cardiogenesis. We found that TH expression was enriched in the cardiac field of gastrulating chick embryos. By stage 8, TH mRNA was restricted to the splanchnic mesoderm of both Endocardial Tubes and was subsequently expressed predominantly in the myocardial layer of the atrial segment. Overexpression of TH led to increased atrial myosin heavy chain (AMHC1) and T-box 5 gene (Tbx5) expression in the ventricular region and induced bradyarrhythmia. Similarly, addition of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) or dopamine induced ectopic expression of cardiac transcription factors (cNkx2.5, Tbx5) and AMHC1 as well as sarcomere formation. Conversely, blockage of dopamine biosynthesis and loss of TH activity decreased AMHC1 and Tbx5 expression, whereas exposure to retinoic acid (RA) induced TH expression in parallel to that of AMHC1 and Tbx5. Concordantly, inhibition of endogenous RA synthesis decreased TH expression as well as that of AMHC1 and Tbx5. Conclusion TH is expressed in a dynamic pattern during the primitive heart tube formation. TH induces cardiac differentiation in vivo and it is a key regulator of the heart patterning, conferring atriogenic identity.

J S Beckmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Calpain3 expression during human cardiogenesis.
    Neuromuscular disorders : NMD, 2020
    Co-Authors: F Fougerousse, L V Anderson, A L Delezoide, L Suel, M Durand, J S Beckmann
    Abstract:

    Transcripts of calpain3, the gene involved in limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A, appear in organs other than the skeletal muscle during human development, the first of which being the early embryonic heart. We examined more precisely the spatio-temporal transcription pattern of calpain3 during human cardiogenesis and the appearance of its protein in fetal tissues, and correlated it to titin expression. Different events of the heart's maturation can be recognized: (i) the presence of titin RNA or protein constitute very precocious developmental cardiac markers appearing before the fusion of the two lateral Endocardial Tubes; (ii) the disappearance of calpain3 RNA from the ventricular compartment later in the embryonic heart. Finally, although calpain3 transcripts are present in the heart, the corresponding protein is not detected elsewhere than in skeletal muscle.