The Experts below are selected from a list of 147 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nandor Marczin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Carbon monoxide: Endogenous Mediator, potential diagnostic and therapeutic target
Annals of medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Subhamay Ghosh, János Gál, Nandor MarczinAbstract:The primary objectives of this article are to review the potential role of carbon monoxide (CO) as an Endogenous Mediator, diagnostic marker for pulmonary disorders, and therapeutic target in critical illness. The review will start by focusing on the importance of the heme oxygenase (HO)-CO axis as an Endogenous system as it relates to the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. It will elucidate the influence of HO gene expression on critical events like shock, sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion and others. Our focus will then shift and look at the potential diagnostic role of exhaled CO in major inflammatory states of the lung, and finally we will highlight the activities on inhaled CO being considered as a possible therapeutic tool and the controversies surrounding it.
Michael J. Zinner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Glucagon-like peptide 2 is an Endogenous Mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition, 2005Co-Authors: Alexander Perez, Flavio G. Rocha, Anthony P. Ramsanahie, Mark S. Duxbury, Robert S. Farivar, Heike Varnholt, Hiromichi Ito, Helen Wong, Jan D. Rounds, Michael J. ZinnerAbstract:Background: After massive small bowel resection, the remnant intestine undergoes compensatory adaptation. We tested the hypothesis that glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an Endogenous Mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation. Methods: Rats were allocated to 1 of 4 groups: groups 1 and 2 rats underwent mid-small bowel transection and reanastomosis; groups 3 and 4 rats underwent 75% mid-small bowel resection and reanastomosis. Groups 2 and 4 rats were administered 1.8 mg of antirat GLP-2 antibody twice daily beginning immediately after the surgical procedure; groups 1 and 3 rats were administered rabbit serum (control). Ileal specimens were harvested on postoperative day 7. Results: Ileal mucosa from group 3 animals displayed morphologic and proliferative indices of adaptation. Each of these indices of adaptation was inhibited by GLP-2 immunoneutralization (group 4). Morphologic and proliferative parameters in the ileum from animals that had undergone transection with reanastomosis were unaffected b...
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Glucagon-like peptide 2 is an Endogenous Mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition, 2005Co-Authors: Alexander Perez, Flavio G. Rocha, Anthony P. Ramsanahie, Mark S. Duxbury, Robert S. Farivar, Heike Varnholt, Hiromichi Ito, Helen Wong, Jan D. Rounds, Michael J. ZinnerAbstract:After massive small bowel resection, the remnant intestine undergoes compensatory adaptation. We tested the hypothesis that glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an Endogenous Mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation. Rats were allocated to 1 of 4 groups: groups 1 and 2 rats underwent mid-small bowel transection and reanastomosis; groups 3 and 4 rats underwent 75% mid-small bowel resection and reanastomosis. Groups 2 and 4 rats were administered 1.8 mg of antirat GLP-2 antibody twice daily beginning immediately after the surgical procedure; groups 1 and 3 rats were administered rabbit serum (control). Ileal specimens were harvested on postoperative day 7. Ileal mucosa from group 3 animals displayed morphologic and proliferative indices of adaptation. Each of these indices of adaptation was inhibited by GLP-2 immunoneutralization (group 4). Morphologic and proliferative parameters in the ileum from animals that had undergone transection with reanastomosis were unaffected by GLP-2 immunoneutralization. These results suggest that GLP-2 is an Endogenous Mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation.
Subhamay Ghosh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Carbon monoxide: Endogenous Mediator, potential diagnostic and therapeutic target
Annals of medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Subhamay Ghosh, János Gál, Nandor MarczinAbstract:The primary objectives of this article are to review the potential role of carbon monoxide (CO) as an Endogenous Mediator, diagnostic marker for pulmonary disorders, and therapeutic target in critical illness. The review will start by focusing on the importance of the heme oxygenase (HO)-CO axis as an Endogenous system as it relates to the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. It will elucidate the influence of HO gene expression on critical events like shock, sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion and others. Our focus will then shift and look at the potential diagnostic role of exhaled CO in major inflammatory states of the lung, and finally we will highlight the activities on inhaled CO being considered as a possible therapeutic tool and the controversies surrounding it.
David Wendehenne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nitric Oxide Signalling in Plants: Cross-Talk With Ca2+, Protein Kinases and Reactive Oxygen Species
2010Co-Authors: Jéremy Astier, Angélique Besson-bard, Izabela Wawer, Claire Parent, Sumaira Rasul, Sylvain Jeandroz, James F Dat, David WendehenneAbstract:Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical recognized as a ubiquitous signal transducer that contributes to various biological processes in animals. It exerts most of its effects by regulating the activities of various proteins including Ca2+ channels, protein kinases and transcription factors. In plants, studies conducted over the past ten years revealed that NO also functions as an Endogenous Mediator in diverse physiological processes ranging from root development to stomatal closure. Its biological role as an intracellular plant messenger molecule, however, remains poorly understood. Here, we review the molecular basis of NO signaling in animals and discuss current knowledge of NO signaling in plants, focusing on its interplay with Ca2+, protein kinases and reactive oxygen species which are well established as widespread key regulators of signal transduction.
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NO contributes to cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by mediating an iron deprivation response
Plant Signaling and Behavior, 2009Co-Authors: Angélique Besson-bard, David WendehenneAbstract:Several studies have revealed that nitric oxide (NO), an Endogenous Mediator in diverse physiological processes, is produced in plants exposed to the toxic metal cadmium (Cd). It was first shown that exogenously applied NO protects plant tissues against the oxidative damages triggered by Cd, suggesting a putative role for NO in counteracting the deleterious effects of Cd. More recently, our team as well as other laboratories challenged this view and demonstrated that Endogenously produced NO promotes the metal-induced reduction of root growth. We investigated more thoroughly the role of NO in mediating Cd effects in roots. We have shown that in Arabidopsis thaliana, the Cd-mediated NO production is sensitive to mammalian NO synthase inhibitors and occurs downstream of IRT1, a major iron transporter also involved in the uptake of Cd. Our data support a model in which this production might be related to the iron deprivation caused by Cd. Accordingly, we found that NO up-regulates the expression of genes encoding proteins related to iron acquisition, including IRT1. This process might explain the ability of NO to amplify Cd uptake and, consequently, the toxic effects of the metal.
Marcelo Nicolas Muscará - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hydrogen sulfide: an Endogenous Mediator of resolution of inflammation and injury.
Antioxidants & redox signaling, 2011Co-Authors: John L. Wallace, Jose G. P. Ferraz, Marcelo Nicolas MuscaráAbstract:Abstract Significance: Hydrogen sulfide is emerging as an important Mediator of many aspects of inflammation, and perhaps most importantly as a factor promoting the resolution of inflammation and repair of injury. Recent Advances: In the gastrointestinal tract, H2S has been shown to promote healing of ulcers and the resolution of mucosal inflammation. On the other hand, suppression of Endogenous H2S synthesis impairs mucosal defense and leads to increased granulocyte infiltration. H2S has been exploited in the design of more effective and safe anti-inflammatory drugs. Critical Issues: Enteric bacteria can be a significant source of H2S, which could affect mucosal integrity; indeed, luminal H2S can serve as an alternative to oxygen as a metabolic substrate for mitochondrial respiration in epithelial cells. Enterocytes and colonocytes thereby represent a “metabolic barrier” to the diffusion of bacteria-derived H2S into the subepithelial space. A compromise of this barrier could result in modulation of mucos...