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Michio Ogasawara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On a possible evolutionary link of the stomochord of hemichordates to pharyngeal organs of chordates
Genesis, 2014Co-Authors: Noriyuki Satoh, Michio Ogasawara, Jr-kai Yu, Kunifumi Tagawa, Christopher J. Lowe, Takeshi Kawashima, Hiroki Takahashi, Marc W. Kirschner, Kanako Hisata, Yi-hsien SuAbstract:Summary As a group closely related to chordates, hemichordate acorn worms are in a key phylogenic position for addressing hypotheses of chordate origins. The stomochord of acorn worms is an anterior outgrowth of the pharynx endoderm into the proboscis. In 1886 Bateson proposed homology of this organ to the chordate notochord, crowning this animal group “hemichordates.” Although this proposal has been debated for over a century, the question still remains unresolved. Here we review recent progress related to this question. First, the developmental mode of the stomochord completely differs from that of the notochord. Second, comparison of expression profiles of genes including Brachyury, a key regulator of notochord formation in chordates, does not support the stomochord/notochord homology. Third, FoxE that is expressed in the stomochord-forming region in acorn worm juveniles is expressed in the club-shaped gland and in the Endostyle of amphioxus, in the Endostyle of ascidians, and in the thyroid gland of vertebrates. Based on these findings, together with the anterior endodermal location of the stomochord, we propose that the stomochord has evolutionary relatedness to chordate organs deriving from the anterior pharynx rather than to the notochord. genesis 52:925–934, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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restricted expression of nadph oxidase peroxidase gene duox in zone vii of the ascidian Endostyle
Cell and Tissue Research, 2006Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a marine invertebrate chordate, is an emerging model system for developmental and evolutionary studies. The Endostyle, one of the characteristic organs of ascidians, is a pharyngeal structure with iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities and is therefore considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid of higher vertebrates. We have previously reported that a limited part of the Endostyle (zone VII) is marked by the expression of orthologs of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2/FoxE) genes. In this study, we have identified the Ciona homolog of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase (Duox), which provides hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for iodine metabolism by TPO in the vertebrate thyroid. Expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization have revealed that Ciona Duox (Ci-Duox) is predominantly expressed in the dorsal part of zone VII of the Endostyle. Furthermore, two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization with Ci-Duox and Ciona TPO (CiTPO) has revealed that the ventral boundary of the Ci-Duox domain of expression is more dorsal than that of CiTPO. We have also characterized several genes, such as Ci-Fgf8/17/18, 5HT7, and Ci-NK4, which are predominantly expressed in the ventral part of zone VII, in a region complementary to the Ci-Duox expression domain. These observations suggest that, at the molecular level, zone VII has a complex organization that might have some impact on the specification of cell types and functions in this thyroid-equivalent element of the ascidian Endostyle.
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Restricted expression of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase gene (Duox) in zone VII of the ascidian Endostyle
Cell and Tissue Research, 2006Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a marine invertebrate chordate, is an emerging model system for developmental and evolutionary studies. The Endostyle, one of the characteristic organs of ascidians, is a pharyngeal structure with iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities and is therefore considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid of higher vertebrates. We have previously reported that a limited part of the Endostyle (zone VII) is marked by the expression of orthologs of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2/FoxE) genes. In this study, we have identified the Ciona homolog of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase (Duox), which provides hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for iodine metabolism by TPO in the vertebrate thyroid. Expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization have revealed that Ciona Duox (Ci-Duox) is predominantly expressed in the dorsal part of zone VII of the Endostyle. Furthermore, two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization with Ci-Duox and Ciona TPO (CiTPO) has revealed that the ventral boundary of the Ci-Duox domain of expression is more dorsal than that of CiTPO. We have also characterized several genes, such as Ci-Fgf8/17/18, 5HT7, and Ci-NK4, which are predominantly expressed in the ventral part of zone VII, in a region complementary to the Ci-Duox expression domain. These observations suggest that, at the molecular level, zone VII has a complex organization that might have some impact on the specification of cell types and functions in this thyroid-equivalent element of the ascidian Endostyle.
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comparative expression analysis of transcription factor genes in the Endostyle of invertebrate chordates
Developmental Dynamics, 2005Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Kinya Yasui, Peijun Zhang, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The Endostyle of invertebrate chordates is a pharyngeal organ that is thought to be homologous with the follicular thyroid of vertebrates. Although thyroid-like features such as iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities are located in the dorsolateral part of both ascidian and amphioxus Endostyles, the structural organization and numbers of functional units are different. To estimate phylogenetic relationships of each functional zone with special reference to the evolution of the thyroid, we have investigated, in ascidian and amphioxus, the expression patterns of thyroid-related transcription factors such as TTF-2/MoxE4 and Pax2/5/8, as well as the forkhead transcription factors FoxQ1 and FoxA. Comparative gene expression analyses depicted an overall similarity between ascidians and amphioxus Endostyles, while differences in expression patterns of these genes might be specifically related to the addition or elimination of a pair of glandular zones. Expressions of Ci-FoxE and BbFoxE4 suggest that the ancestral FoxE class might have been recruited for the formation of thyroid-like region in a possible common ancestor of chordates. Furthermore, coexpression of FoxE4, Pax2/5/8, and TPO in the dorsolateral part of both ascidian and amphioxus Endostyles suggests that genetic basis of the thyroid function was already in place before the vertebrate lineage. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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novel Endostyle specific genes in the ascidian ciona intestinalis
Zoological Science, 2003Co-Authors: Akane Sasaki, Nori Satoh, Yuki Miyamoto, Yutaka Satou, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:Abstract The Endostyle is a pharyngeal organ of Urochordata, Cephalochordata and larval Cyclostomata. This organ secretes mucus-proteins for internal filter feeding, a feeding system that must have developed in the common ancestor of these subphyla. Therefore, the Endostyle is a key structure to understanding the origin and evolution of chordates. A previous study of the overall gene expression in Ciona intestinalis young adults yielded several candidates for ascidian Endostyle-specific genes. In the present study, we determined in detail the expression profiles of six novel Endostyle-specific genes. Ci-VWFL1 and CiVWFL2 encode related proteins similar to vertebrate von Willebrand factor, and were continuously expressed in zones 4 and 2 of the developing Endostyle, respectively. The expression of Ci-Ends8 was observed in the entire region of zone 6 in young adults; however, the expression of this gene was restricted to the dorsal- and ventral-regions of zone 6 in the adult Endostyle. The expression of Ci-...
Nori Satoh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel Endostyle specific genes in the ascidian ciona intestinalis
Zoological Science, 2003Co-Authors: Akane Sasaki, Nori Satoh, Yuki Miyamoto, Yutaka Satou, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:Abstract The Endostyle is a pharyngeal organ of Urochordata, Cephalochordata and larval Cyclostomata. This organ secretes mucus-proteins for internal filter feeding, a feeding system that must have developed in the common ancestor of these subphyla. Therefore, the Endostyle is a key structure to understanding the origin and evolution of chordates. A previous study of the overall gene expression in Ciona intestinalis young adults yielded several candidates for ascidian Endostyle-specific genes. In the present study, we determined in detail the expression profiles of six novel Endostyle-specific genes. Ci-VWFL1 and CiVWFL2 encode related proteins similar to vertebrate von Willebrand factor, and were continuously expressed in zones 4 and 2 of the developing Endostyle, respectively. The expression of Ci-Ends8 was observed in the entire region of zone 6 in young adults; however, the expression of this gene was restricted to the dorsal- and ventral-regions of zone 6 in the adult Endostyle. The expression of Ci-...
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expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 ttf 1 gene in the ventral forebrain and Endostyle of the agnathan vertebrate lampetra japonica
Genesis, 2001Co-Authors: Michio Ogasawara, Yasuyo Shigetani, Shintaro Suzuki, Shigeru Kuratani, Nori SatohAbstract:Summary: The Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) gene belongs to the Nkx-2.1 subfamily and encodes a transcription factor containing an NK-2-type homeodomain. In our study, we isolated and characterized cDNA clones for the TTF-1/Nkx-2.1 orthologue (LjTTF-1) from the agnathan vertebrate Lampetra japonica. Spatial and temporal expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization revealed the expression of LjTTF-1 in the anterior nerve cord and anteroventral region of the pharynx. The neural expression was subsequently restricted to the ventral diencephalon. The pharyngeal expression, on the other hand, extended posteriorly to the fourth pharyngeal-pouch level and was finally localized in the Endostyle anlage. In the differentiated Endostyle of ammocoete larvae, the expression of LjTTF-1 was chiefly detected in type 2a, 2b, and 2c cells, which develop adjacent to glandular cells. These expression patterns of LjTTF-1 support the idea that this gene family plays an important role in the development of the rostral brain and Endostyle equivalent organs. Furthermore, histological comparisons between TTF-1/Nkx-2.1 expression in the Endostyles of ammocoetes and ascidians suggested the possibility that the organogenetic architecture of the Endostyle is conserved among chordates. genesis 30:51–58, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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ascidian homologs of mammalian thyroid peroxidase genes are expressed in the thyroid equivalent region of the Endostyle
Journal of Experimental Zoology, 1999Co-Authors: Michio Ogasawara, Roberto Di Lauro, Nori SatohAbstract:The Endostyle is a pharyngeal organ for the internal filter feeding of urochordates, cephalochordates, and larval lamprey. This organ is also considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid gland of higher vertebrates. Thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) are specifically expressed in the thyroid gland of higher vertebrates, and they play an important role in iodine metabolism for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Previous histochemical observations showed that iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities were detected in zones 7, 8, and 9 of the ascidian Endostyle, suggesting that these zones contains cells that are equivalent to those in the vertebrate follicular thyroid. In order to investigate the molecular developmental mechanisms involved in the formation and function of the Endostyle, with special reference to the evolution of the thyroid gland, in the present study, we isolated and characterized cDNA clones for TPO genes, CiTPO from Ciona intestinalis and HrTPO from Halocynthia roretzi. Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses revealed that the expression of the ascidian TPO genes was restricted to zone 7, one of the elements equivalent to the thyroid. These results provide the first evidence at the gene expression level for shared function between a part of the ascidian Endostyle and the vertebrate follicular thyroid gland. J. Exp. Zool. ( Mol. Dev. Evol. ) 285:158–169, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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ascidian homologs of mammalian thyroid transcription factor 1 gene are expressed in the Endostyle
Zoological Science, 1999Co-Authors: Michio Ogasawara, Roberto Di Lauro, Nori SatohAbstract:Abstract The Endostyle is a special organ in the pharynx of urochordates, cephalochordates and cyclostomes. During evolution of the primitive chordates, the Endostyle was organized in their common ancestor(s) with a shift to internal feeding for extracting suspended food from the water. In addition, the Endostyle has an iodine-concentrating activity and is therefore thought to be functionally homologous to the vertebrate thyroid gland. Human TITF1 and mouse TITF1 are members of the Nkx-2.1/TTF-1 gene subfamily, which encode an NK-2 type homeodomain transcription factor. The genes are expressed in the thyroid gland and are essential for thyroid-specific structural gene expression. In the present study, we isolated cDNA clones for ascidian homologs of TITF1 from Halocynthia roretzi and Ciona intestinalis, and examined whether the genes are expressed in the ascidian Endostyle. Results clearly indicated that both the H. roretzi homolog Hrtitf1 and the C. intestinalis homolog Cititf1 are expressed specifically...
Jin Hiruta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Restricted expression of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase gene (Duox) in zone VII of the ascidian Endostyle
Cell and Tissue Research, 2006Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a marine invertebrate chordate, is an emerging model system for developmental and evolutionary studies. The Endostyle, one of the characteristic organs of ascidians, is a pharyngeal structure with iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities and is therefore considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid of higher vertebrates. We have previously reported that a limited part of the Endostyle (zone VII) is marked by the expression of orthologs of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2/FoxE) genes. In this study, we have identified the Ciona homolog of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase (Duox), which provides hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for iodine metabolism by TPO in the vertebrate thyroid. Expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization have revealed that Ciona Duox (Ci-Duox) is predominantly expressed in the dorsal part of zone VII of the Endostyle. Furthermore, two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization with Ci-Duox and Ciona TPO (CiTPO) has revealed that the ventral boundary of the Ci-Duox domain of expression is more dorsal than that of CiTPO. We have also characterized several genes, such as Ci-Fgf8/17/18, 5HT7, and Ci-NK4, which are predominantly expressed in the ventral part of zone VII, in a region complementary to the Ci-Duox expression domain. These observations suggest that, at the molecular level, zone VII has a complex organization that might have some impact on the specification of cell types and functions in this thyroid-equivalent element of the ascidian Endostyle.
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restricted expression of nadph oxidase peroxidase gene duox in zone vii of the ascidian Endostyle
Cell and Tissue Research, 2006Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a marine invertebrate chordate, is an emerging model system for developmental and evolutionary studies. The Endostyle, one of the characteristic organs of ascidians, is a pharyngeal structure with iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities and is therefore considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid of higher vertebrates. We have previously reported that a limited part of the Endostyle (zone VII) is marked by the expression of orthologs of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2/FoxE) genes. In this study, we have identified the Ciona homolog of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase (Duox), which provides hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for iodine metabolism by TPO in the vertebrate thyroid. Expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization have revealed that Ciona Duox (Ci-Duox) is predominantly expressed in the dorsal part of zone VII of the Endostyle. Furthermore, two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization with Ci-Duox and Ciona TPO (CiTPO) has revealed that the ventral boundary of the Ci-Duox domain of expression is more dorsal than that of CiTPO. We have also characterized several genes, such as Ci-Fgf8/17/18, 5HT7, and Ci-NK4, which are predominantly expressed in the ventral part of zone VII, in a region complementary to the Ci-Duox expression domain. These observations suggest that, at the molecular level, zone VII has a complex organization that might have some impact on the specification of cell types and functions in this thyroid-equivalent element of the ascidian Endostyle.
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comparative expression analysis of transcription factor genes in the Endostyle of invertebrate chordates
Developmental Dynamics, 2005Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Kinya Yasui, Peijun Zhang, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The Endostyle of invertebrate chordates is a pharyngeal organ that is thought to be homologous with the follicular thyroid of vertebrates. Although thyroid-like features such as iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities are located in the dorsolateral part of both ascidian and amphioxus Endostyles, the structural organization and numbers of functional units are different. To estimate phylogenetic relationships of each functional zone with special reference to the evolution of the thyroid, we have investigated, in ascidian and amphioxus, the expression patterns of thyroid-related transcription factors such as TTF-2/MoxE4 and Pax2/5/8, as well as the forkhead transcription factors FoxQ1 and FoxA. Comparative gene expression analyses depicted an overall similarity between ascidians and amphioxus Endostyles, while differences in expression patterns of these genes might be specifically related to the addition or elimination of a pair of glandular zones. Expressions of Ci-FoxE and BbFoxE4 suggest that the ancestral FoxE class might have been recruited for the formation of thyroid-like region in a possible common ancestor of chordates. Furthermore, coexpression of FoxE4, Pax2/5/8, and TPO in the dorsolateral part of both ascidian and amphioxus Endostyles suggests that genetic basis of the thyroid function was already in place before the vertebrate lineage. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Klaus B. Rohr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anatomical and molecular reinvestigation of lamprey Endostyle development provides new insight into thyroid gland evolution
Development Genes and Evolution, 2005Co-Authors: Bernhard Kluge, Nathalie Renault, Klaus B. RohrAbstract:The thyroid gland of vertebrates is considered to be homologous to the Endostyle of non-vertebrate chordates (cephalochordates, urochordates), a key character for understanding the origin and evolution of the chordate body plan. In lampreys, the larval Endostyle transforms into an adult thyroid gland during metamorphosis, reflecting evolutionary changes that occurred in the vertebrate lineage. Focussing on thyroid-like cells in the Endostyle, we here relate morphologically visible steps of lamprey ( Lampetra fluviatilis ) Endostyle differentiation to embryonic stages and determine the onset of thyroid-like function. Analysing lamprey Endostyle development using semi-thin histological sections, immunohistochemical detection of thyroid hormone, and the molecular marker thyroid transcription factor1 ( Ttf1 ) refines our current view of the homology between Endostyle and thyroid gland. In contrast to earlier literature, we find that a duct always persists to connect the Endostyle lumen to the pharynx, a structure that resembles the thyroglossal duct in thyroid development and could further support the homology between Endostyle and thyroid. Before the onset of thyroid-like function, Ttf1 expression becomes restricted to the ventral part of the Endostyle, on the one hand showing that dorsal thyroid-like cells produce thyroid hormone in the absence of Ttf1 , and on the other suggesting that Ttf1 was initially involved in specifying ventral fates in the Endostyle.
Francoise Mazet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Restricted expression of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase gene (Duox) in zone VII of the ascidian Endostyle
Cell and Tissue Research, 2006Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a marine invertebrate chordate, is an emerging model system for developmental and evolutionary studies. The Endostyle, one of the characteristic organs of ascidians, is a pharyngeal structure with iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities and is therefore considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid of higher vertebrates. We have previously reported that a limited part of the Endostyle (zone VII) is marked by the expression of orthologs of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2/FoxE) genes. In this study, we have identified the Ciona homolog of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase (Duox), which provides hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for iodine metabolism by TPO in the vertebrate thyroid. Expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization have revealed that Ciona Duox (Ci-Duox) is predominantly expressed in the dorsal part of zone VII of the Endostyle. Furthermore, two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization with Ci-Duox and Ciona TPO (CiTPO) has revealed that the ventral boundary of the Ci-Duox domain of expression is more dorsal than that of CiTPO. We have also characterized several genes, such as Ci-Fgf8/17/18, 5HT7, and Ci-NK4, which are predominantly expressed in the ventral part of zone VII, in a region complementary to the Ci-Duox expression domain. These observations suggest that, at the molecular level, zone VII has a complex organization that might have some impact on the specification of cell types and functions in this thyroid-equivalent element of the ascidian Endostyle.
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restricted expression of nadph oxidase peroxidase gene duox in zone vii of the ascidian Endostyle
Cell and Tissue Research, 2006Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a marine invertebrate chordate, is an emerging model system for developmental and evolutionary studies. The Endostyle, one of the characteristic organs of ascidians, is a pharyngeal structure with iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities and is therefore considered to be homologous to the follicular thyroid of higher vertebrates. We have previously reported that a limited part of the Endostyle (zone VII) is marked by the expression of orthologs of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2/FoxE) genes. In this study, we have identified the Ciona homolog of NADPH oxidase/peroxidase (Duox), which provides hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for iodine metabolism by TPO in the vertebrate thyroid. Expression patterns assessed by in situ hybridization have revealed that Ciona Duox (Ci-Duox) is predominantly expressed in the dorsal part of zone VII of the Endostyle. Furthermore, two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization with Ci-Duox and Ciona TPO (CiTPO) has revealed that the ventral boundary of the Ci-Duox domain of expression is more dorsal than that of CiTPO. We have also characterized several genes, such as Ci-Fgf8/17/18, 5HT7, and Ci-NK4, which are predominantly expressed in the ventral part of zone VII, in a region complementary to the Ci-Duox expression domain. These observations suggest that, at the molecular level, zone VII has a complex organization that might have some impact on the specification of cell types and functions in this thyroid-equivalent element of the ascidian Endostyle.
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comparative expression analysis of transcription factor genes in the Endostyle of invertebrate chordates
Developmental Dynamics, 2005Co-Authors: Jin Hiruta, Francoise Mazet, Kinya Yasui, Peijun Zhang, Michio OgasawaraAbstract:The Endostyle of invertebrate chordates is a pharyngeal organ that is thought to be homologous with the follicular thyroid of vertebrates. Although thyroid-like features such as iodine-concentrating and peroxidase activities are located in the dorsolateral part of both ascidian and amphioxus Endostyles, the structural organization and numbers of functional units are different. To estimate phylogenetic relationships of each functional zone with special reference to the evolution of the thyroid, we have investigated, in ascidian and amphioxus, the expression patterns of thyroid-related transcription factors such as TTF-2/MoxE4 and Pax2/5/8, as well as the forkhead transcription factors FoxQ1 and FoxA. Comparative gene expression analyses depicted an overall similarity between ascidians and amphioxus Endostyles, while differences in expression patterns of these genes might be specifically related to the addition or elimination of a pair of glandular zones. Expressions of Ci-FoxE and BbFoxE4 suggest that the ancestral FoxE class might have been recruited for the formation of thyroid-like region in a possible common ancestor of chordates. Furthermore, coexpression of FoxE4, Pax2/5/8, and TPO in the dorsolateral part of both ascidian and amphioxus Endostyles suggests that genetic basis of the thyroid function was already in place before the vertebrate lineage. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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The amphioxus FoxQ1 gene is expressed in the developing Endostyle.
Gene Expression Patterns, 2005Co-Authors: Francoise Mazet, Graham Luke, Sebastian M. ShimeldAbstract:Abstract The FoxQ1 genes form a distinct group within the Fox (also known as forkhead) gene family. We have isolated a gene from the amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae that encodes a forkhead domain with high identity to FoxQ1 genes in other chordates. Molecular phylogenetic analysis places AmphiFoxQ1 in a robust grouping with vertebrate FoxQ1 genes and with Ciona intestinalis Ci-FoxQ1. This group is separate from that containing AmphiFoxQ2, which instead groups with other invertebrate Fox genes. The expression of AmphiFoxQ1 was analysed by whole mount in situ hybridisation. The results show that AmphiFoxQ1 expression is confined to the developing endoderm, and specifically marks the Endostyle and associated peripharyngeal bands of amphioxus larvae. Ci-FoxQ1 is also expressed in the Endostyle, highlighting this as a conserved site of FoxQ1 gene expression in basal chordates.
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the amphioxus foxq1 gene is expressed in the developing Endostyle
Gene Expression Patterns, 2005Co-Authors: Francoise Mazet, Graham Luke, Sebastian M. ShimeldAbstract:The FoxQ1 genes form a distinct group within the Fox (also known as forkhead) gene family. We have isolated a gene from the amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae that encodes a forkhead domain with high identity to FoxQ1 genes in other chordates. Molecular phylogenetic analysis places AmphiFoxQ1 in a robust grouping with vertebrate FoxQ1 genes and with Ciona intestinalis Ci-FoxQ1. This group is separate from that containing AmphiFoxQ2, which instead groups with other invertebrate Fox genes. The expression of AmphiFoxQ1 was analysed by whole mount in situ hybridisation. The results show that AmphiFoxQ1 expression is confined to the developing endoderm, and specifically marks the Endostyle and associated peripharyngeal bands of amphioxus larvae. Ci-FoxQ1 is also expressed in the Endostyle, highlighting this as a conserved site of FoxQ1 gene expression in basal chordates. q 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.