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G R Noonan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GIS Technology. A Powerful Tool for Entomologists
    Insight. A Milwaukee Public Museum Series in Natural History, 2003
    Co-Authors: G R Noonan
    Abstract:

    Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are powerful computer programs for studying spatial data. This paper reviews how GIS handles data, the types, and sources of such data, and the use of GIS in studies of insects. GIS data may be in vector, raster, or image format. Vector format data use vectors or directional lines to represent geographic features. Raster data employ a grid cell data structure that divides the geographic area into cells and represents features by as-signing the appropriate values to such cells. Image data are graphic or pictorial data that can dis-play remote sensing images or graphics such as photographs and documents. Maps use projec-tions or mathematical systems for representing the 3-D earth on 2-D surfaces. Each such projec-tion distorts one or more aspects of shape, area, distance, or direction. GIS specifies geographic locations with a coordinate scheme, such as latitude and longitude, Universal Transverse Merca-tor (UTM), military grids, etc. Digital data for GIS use are available from many sources with much free data from the Internet. The extensive use of GIS in economic entomology has included mapping and analyzing of the past and current distributions of pests such as grasshoppers, desert locusts, gypsy moths, pine beetles, and other insects. Studies using GIS have also analyzed the spread of insects over time, examined how climatic changes may influence future geographic distributions of pests, and inspected environmental factors related to pest outbreaks. Several studies have used GIS to man-age, combine, and analyze a variety of data such as that from satellite or airborne sensors and information about the occurrence of pest outbreaks. Entomologists have extensively used GIS in studying medically important insects, espe-cially those associated with malaria. GIS has assisted in predicting the spatial and temporal vari-ability of vectors for insect transmitted diseases, predicting and mapping malaria risk in Africa, identifying risk factors that create favorable breeding sites for vectors, analyzing the risk of con-tacting malaria based on distance of home from vector breeding sites, and studying and mapping the effectiveness of control strategies. Several projects have incorporated GIS within expert systems that model and predict fac-tors about insects that cause economic or medical problems. GIS has contributed to ecological studies of insects including tests of Rapoport’s rule, analyses of insect distributions across complex landscapes, and ecological modeling that pre-dicted the geographic distribution of insects. Conservation studies using GIS have included gap analysis, identification of hot spots, studies of biodiversity patterns, examination of models to predict species richness, and projects that used GIS to combine, manage, and analyze remote sensing and other conservation related data. One project used GIS to examine why remotely derived surrogate data failed to accurately predict the biodiversity of ground dwelling arthropods but often sufficed for vertebrates and vas-cular plants. Systematists have made relatively less use of GIS than Entomologists have in other disci-plines. Uses by systematists include grid analysis of biodiversity patterns and changes over space in the size and shape of the geographic ranges of species, examination of the impact of Wisconsin glaciation on insects, the mapping of geographic ranges of taxa and of the geographic charac-ter state variation within such taxa, and analysis of transitions between biogeographic regions.

Esmaeil Shojaeizadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Harold B White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a history of the calvert award for insect related study for young Entomologists 1987 2009
    Transactions of The American Entomological Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Harold B White
    Abstract:

    In March 1986, following the 125th anniversary of the American Entomological Society, the Executive Council of the American Entomological Society formed an Education Committee. The objectives of this committee were to explore ways in which the Society could promote interests in insects among young people and to involve more young people in the activities of the Society. In April 1987, the Executive Council approved a proposal to offer an annual award to a young person who displays unusual accomplishments and interest in the area of entomology or insect-related study. The award, to be presented annually to an outstanding young entomologist of the Delaware Valley, was named the Calvert Award in honor of Dr. Philip P. Calvert. Calvert displayed unusual accomplishments as a young entomologist and illustrator in Philadelphia a century ago. He had a 74-year association with the Society and held the office of president from 1900-1915. In 1890 at the age of 18, he contributed to the first issue of Entomological News and continued on as Associate Editor and Editor through 1943 . As a member of the Society, the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and as a professor of biology at the University of Pennsylvania, Philip P. Calvert was committed to entomological education. It was therefore appropriate that the award to an outstanding young entomologist commemorates one of the outstanding Entomologists of the early 20th century. A short biography of Calvert as a young entomologist was published in Entomological News 95(4): 155-162 (1984). The Council limited eligibility for this award to precollege students of the greater Delaware Valley who demonstrate outstanding accomplishments in insect-related study, had not previously received the award and were not related to current AES Council members. Over time, the practice came to make the award to the student with the best insect-related project at the annual Delaware Valley Science Fairs but other types of excellence were occasionally honored. Because many science projects involved commercially-obtained insects such as fruit flies, ants, cockroaches, and crickets as a matter of expediency to avoid dealing with regulations on animal experimentation, the Council felt the award needed to go beyond insect-related study and include the motivation of the student scientists involved. Thus, projects using Drosophila or other commercially available insects were considered for the award, but preference was given to projects relating to local species, locally obtained, and projects demonstrating genuine interest in entomology. Because student projects displayed at the Delaware Valley Science Fairs must have received honors at other "feeder" fairs to be entered, some worthy insect-related projects might not be encountered by the judges. Therefore, members of the Society could nominate students with projects such as insect collections for consideration.

  • A History of the Calvert Award for Insect-Related Study for Young Entomologists 1987 – 2009
    Transactions of The American Entomological Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Harold B White
    Abstract:

    In March 1986, following the 125th anniversary of the American Entomological Society, the Executive Council of the American Entomological Society formed an Education Committee. The objectives of this committee were to explore ways in which the Society could promote interests in insects among young people and to involve more young people in the activities of the Society. In April 1987, the Executive Council approved a proposal to offer an annual award to a young person who displays unusual accomplishments and interest in the area of entomology or insect-related study. The award, to be presented annually to an outstanding young entomologist of the Delaware Valley, was named the Calvert Award in honor of Dr. Philip P. Calvert. Calvert displayed unusual accomplishments as a young entomologist and illustrator in Philadelphia a century ago. He had a 74-year association with the Society and held the office of president from 1900-1915. In 1890 at the age of 18, he contributed to the first issue of Entomological News and continued on as Associate Editor and Editor through 1943 . As a member of the Society, the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and as a professor of biology at the University of Pennsylvania, Philip P. Calvert was committed to entomological education. It was therefore appropriate that the award to an outstanding young entomologist commemorates one of the outstanding Entomologists of the early 20th century. A short biography of Calvert as a young entomologist was published in Entomological News 95(4): 155-162 (1984). The Council limited eligibility for this award to precollege students of the greater Delaware Valley who demonstrate outstanding accomplishments in insect-related study, had not previously received the award and were not related to current AES Council members. Over time, the practice came to make the award to the student with the best insect-related project at the annual Delaware Valley Science Fairs but other types of excellence were occasionally honored. Because many science projects involved commercially-obtained insects such as fruit flies, ants, cockroaches, and crickets as a matter of expediency to avoid dealing with regulations on animal experimentation, the Council felt the award needed to go beyond insect-related study and include the motivation of the student scientists involved. Thus, projects using Drosophila or other commercially available insects were considered for the award, but preference was given to projects relating to local species, locally obtained, and projects demonstrating genuine interest in entomology. Because student projects displayed at the Delaware Valley Science Fairs must have received honors at other "feeder" fairs to be entered, some worthy insect-related projects might not be encountered by the judges. Therefore, members of the Society could nominate students with projects such as insect collections for consideration.

Khandan Shahande - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Hamid Reza Basser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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