The Experts below are selected from a list of 28758 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

David Hoyos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Environmental Valuation with discrete choice experiments guidance on design implementation and data analysis
    2020
    Co-Authors: Petr Mariel, David Hoyos, Jurgen Meyerhoff, Mikolaj Czajkowski, Thijs Dekker, Klaus Glenk, Jette Bredahl Jacobsen, Ulf Liebe, Soren Boye Olsen, Julian Sagebiel
    Abstract:

    This open access book offers up-to-date advice and practical guidance on how to undertake a discrete choice experiment as a tool for Environmental Valuation. It discusses crucial issues in designing, implementing and analysing choice experiments. Compiled by leading experts in the field, the book promotes discrete choice analysis in Environmental Valuation through a more solid scientific basis for research practice. Instead of providing strict guidelines, the book helps readers avoid common mistakes often found in applied work. It is based on the collective reflections of the scientific network of researchers using discrete choice modelling in the field of Environmental Valuation (www.envecho.com).

  • incorporating Environmental attitudes in discrete choice models an exploration of the utility of the awareness of consequences scale
    Science of The Total Environment, 2015
    Co-Authors: David Hoyos, Petr Mariel, Stephane Hess
    Abstract:

    Environmental economists are increasingly interested in better understanding how people cognitively organise their beliefs and attitudes towards Environmental change in order to identify key motives and barriers that stimulate or prevent action. In this paper, we explore the utility of a commonly used psychometric scale, the awareness of consequences (AC) scale, in order to better understand stated choices. The main contribution of the paper is that it provides a novel approach to incorporate attitudinal information into discrete choice models for Environmental Valuation: firstly, Environmental attitudes are incorporated using a reinterpretation of the classical AC scale recently proposed by Ryan and Spash (2012); and, secondly, attitudinal data is incorporated as latent variables under a hybrid choice modelling framework. This novel approach is applied to data from a survey conducted in the Basque Country (Spain) in 2008 aimed at valuing land-use policies in a Natura 2000 Network site. The results are relevant to policy-making because choice models that are able to accommodate underlying Environmental attitudes may help in designing more effective Environmental policies.

  • selecting random parameters in discrete choice experiment for Environmental Valuation a simulation experiment
    Journal of choice modelling, 2013
    Co-Authors: Petr Mariel, Amaya De Ayala, David Hoyos, Sabah Abdullah
    Abstract:

    This paper examines two tests commonly used to select random parameters in choice modelling: the Lagrange Multiplier (LM) test as proposed by McFadden and Train (2000) and the t-statistic of the deviation of the random parameter. A simulation exercise based on a real case study is carried out assuming cross-sectional data and two panel data settings. These data structures together with different distributional assumptions allow an examination of the empirical size and power of the two analysed tests. The key results indicate that the power of these tests depends on the data structure as well as on the spread and type of the parameter distribution. Furthermore, the LM test is the only one with empirical size not significantly different from the theoretical value.

  • the state of the art of Environmental Valuation with discrete choice experiments
    Ecological Economics, 2010
    Co-Authors: David Hoyos
    Abstract:

    This paper provides with a review of the state of the art of Environmental Valuation with discrete choice experiments (DCEs). The growing body of literature on this field serves to emphasize the increasing role that DCEs are playing in Environmental decision making in the last decade. The paper attempts to cover the full process of undertaking a choice experiment, including survey and experimental design, econometric analysis of choice data and welfare analysis. The research on this field is found to be intense, although many challenges are put forward (e.g. choice-task complexity and cognitive effort, experimental design, preference and scale heterogeneity, endogeneity or model uncertainty). Reviewing the state of the art of DCEs serves to draw attention to the main challenges that this methodological approach will need to overcome in the coming years and to identify the frontiers in discrete choice analysis.

  • selecting random parameters in discrete choice experiment for Environmental Valuation a simulation experiment
    2010
    Co-Authors: Petr Mariel, David Hoyos, Amaya De Ayala Bilbao, Sabah Abdullah
    Abstract:

    This paper examines the various tests commonly used to select random parameters in choice modelling. The most common procedures for selecting random parameters are: the Lagrange Multiplier test as proposed by McFadden and Train (2000), the t-statistic of the deviation of the random parameter and the log-likelihood ratio test. The identification of random parameters in other words the recognition of preference heterogeneity among population is based on the fact that an individual makes a choice depending on her/his: tastes, perceptions and experiences. A simulation experiment was carried out based on a real choice experiment and the results indicated that the power of these three tests depends importantly on the spread and type of the tested parameter distribution.

Jordan J. Louviere - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • exploring scale effects of best worst rank ordered choice data to estimate visitors benefits from alpine transhumance
    2009
    Co-Authors: Riccardo Scarpa, Sandra Notaro, Roberta Raffelli, Jordan J. Louviere
    Abstract:

    In many Environmental Valuation applications standa rd sample sizes for choice modelling surveys are impractical to achieve. One op tion to improve data quality is to use more in-depth surveys conducted on fewer respond ents. This is certainly the case for studies on mountain visitation. We report on a study using high quality rank-ordered data in which the ranking of alternatives is elicite d by means of the best-worst approach to alternative selection. The resulting exploded ch oice model involved the collection of 64 responses per person which were used to study the willingness to pay for external benefits produced to visitors by policies keeping i n place the artifacts of alpine transhumance. The context of study is Val di Genova, a valley with summer pastures located in the North Eastern Alps where we study visit ors WTP for pasture landscape, biodiversity, historical heritage and the up-keep o f in-situ milk transformation. We find good evidence in support of this approach and find reasonable estimates of mean WTP, which appear theoretically valid.

  • stated choice methods analysis and applications
    2000
    Co-Authors: Jordan J. Louviere, David A. Hensher, Joffre Swait
    Abstract:

    1. Choosing as a way of life Appendix A1. Choosing a residential telecommunications bundle 2. Introduction to stated preference models and methods 3. Choosing a choice model Appendix A3. Maximum likelihood estimation technique Appendix B3. Linear probability and generalised least squares models 4. Experimental design 5. Design of choice experiments Appendix A5. 6. Relaxing the IID assumption-introducing variants of the MNL model Appendix A6. Detailed characterisation of the nested logit model Appendix B6. Advanced discrete choice methods 7. Complex, non-IID multiple choice designs 8. Combining sources of preference data 9. Implementing SP choice behaviour projects 10. Marketing case studies 11. Transportation case studies 12. Environmental Valuation case studies 13. Cross and external validity of SP models.

  • a test of policy labels in Environmental choice modelling studies
    Ecological Economics, 2000
    Co-Authors: Russell Blamey, Jordan J. Louviere, Jeffrey Bennett, Mark Morrison, John Rolfe
    Abstract:

    Abstract A question that arises in the application of Environmental choice modelling (CM) studies is whether to present the choice sets in a generic or labelled form. The former involves labelling the policy options to be presented to respondents in a generic way, for example, as ‘option A’, ‘option B’, etc. The labelled approach assigns alternative-specific descriptors to each option. These may relate to the names of proposed policies, different locations or any other policy-relevant details. Both approaches have their advantages. A potential advantage of using alternative-specific labels is that respondents may be better able to base their choices on the true policy context. This can increase predictive validity whilst at the same time reducing the cognitive burden of the CM exercise. A potential advantage of the generic labelling approach is that respondents may be less inclined to base their choices wholly or largely on the labels, and as a consequence, may provide better information regarding trade-offs among attributes. The two approaches to choice set design are compared in the context of a CM study of the values of remnant vegetation in the Desert Uplands of Central Queensland. Results indicate a difference in the cognitive processes generated by choice models using the different approaches. This difference is reflected in both the alternative-specific constants and the taste parameters, and cannot be accounted for by differences in error variance across the two treatments. The implications for Environmental Valuation are discussed.

  • perceptions versus objective measures of Environmental quality in combined revealed and stated preference models of Environmental Valuation
    Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 1997
    Co-Authors: Wiktor L Adamowicz, Joffre Swait, Jordan J. Louviere, Peter C Boxall, Michael Williams
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study examines perceptions and objective attribute measures in discrete choice models of recreation site choice behavior. These forms of attribute measurement are examined in individual and combined revealed preference/stated preference models. Our results suggest that the model based on perceptions slightly outperforms the models based on objective attribute measures. However, issues such as the definition of the choice set and the measurement of welfare present significant challenges when using perceptions data.

  • a comparison of stated preference methods for Environmental Valuation
    Ecological Economics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Peter C Boxall, Joffre Swait, Wiktor L Adamowicz, Michael Williams, Jordan J. Louviere
    Abstract:

    This paper presents an empirical comparison of contingent Valuation (CVM) and choice experiments which are used to value Environmental quality changes. Both of these methods require individuals to state their preferences for Environmental qualities. However, choice experiments differ from CVM in that Environmental attributes are varied in an experimental design which requires respondents to make repeated choices between bundles of attributes. The empirical application involved the effect of Environmental quality changes arising from forest management practices on recreational moose hunting values. Significant differences were found between the values derived from the two methods. However, detailed examination of the implied choice behaviour suggested that respondents ignored substitute recreation areas in the CVM question. Restricting the choice experiment model to consider only the one site where quality was varied, resulted in welfare estimates similar to the CVM model. This highlights the importance of substitutes in Environmental Valuation and suggests that choice experiments may be more appropriate than CVM in some cases.

Jose Carlos Silvamacher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • exploring futures for amazonia s sierra del divisor an Environmental Valuation triadics approach to analyzing ecological economic decision choices in the context of major shifts in boundary conditions
    Ecological Economics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Katharine N Farrell, Jose Carlos Silvamacher
    Abstract:

    Abstract This text presents a new methodological approach to ecological economic analysis, employing Georgescu-Roegen's flow-fund theory of economic process. It offers an alternative to monetary Valuation based analyses and aims to contribute toward advancing work concerned with addressing complex ecological economic questions as complete wholes. The methodology is demonstrated through reference to the empirical case of a proposed rail link between Peru and Brazil, which would cut across the Sierra del Divisor of western Amazonia, connecting the Pacific and Atlantic coasts and further opening up the Amazon commodity frontier. In order to analyze the potential impacts of the rail-link, four flow-fund representations of economic process (two at the regional and two at the local level) are developed in order to juxtapose two alternative political economy contexts that might govern the rail-link's impacts in the region: one where conservation is prioritized over cash income and one where it is not. Our results suggest that completion of the rail-link under the current political economy context, which prioritizes cash income over conservation, is likely to have substantial negative consequences for forest conservation in both Peru and Brazil and for local livelihoods throughout the region.

Petr Mariel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Environmental Valuation with discrete choice experiments guidance on design implementation and data analysis
    2020
    Co-Authors: Petr Mariel, David Hoyos, Jurgen Meyerhoff, Mikolaj Czajkowski, Thijs Dekker, Klaus Glenk, Jette Bredahl Jacobsen, Ulf Liebe, Soren Boye Olsen, Julian Sagebiel
    Abstract:

    This open access book offers up-to-date advice and practical guidance on how to undertake a discrete choice experiment as a tool for Environmental Valuation. It discusses crucial issues in designing, implementing and analysing choice experiments. Compiled by leading experts in the field, the book promotes discrete choice analysis in Environmental Valuation through a more solid scientific basis for research practice. Instead of providing strict guidelines, the book helps readers avoid common mistakes often found in applied work. It is based on the collective reflections of the scientific network of researchers using discrete choice modelling in the field of Environmental Valuation (www.envecho.com).

  • incorporating Environmental attitudes in discrete choice models an exploration of the utility of the awareness of consequences scale
    Science of The Total Environment, 2015
    Co-Authors: David Hoyos, Petr Mariel, Stephane Hess
    Abstract:

    Environmental economists are increasingly interested in better understanding how people cognitively organise their beliefs and attitudes towards Environmental change in order to identify key motives and barriers that stimulate or prevent action. In this paper, we explore the utility of a commonly used psychometric scale, the awareness of consequences (AC) scale, in order to better understand stated choices. The main contribution of the paper is that it provides a novel approach to incorporate attitudinal information into discrete choice models for Environmental Valuation: firstly, Environmental attitudes are incorporated using a reinterpretation of the classical AC scale recently proposed by Ryan and Spash (2012); and, secondly, attitudinal data is incorporated as latent variables under a hybrid choice modelling framework. This novel approach is applied to data from a survey conducted in the Basque Country (Spain) in 2008 aimed at valuing land-use policies in a Natura 2000 Network site. The results are relevant to policy-making because choice models that are able to accommodate underlying Environmental attitudes may help in designing more effective Environmental policies.

  • selecting random parameters in discrete choice experiment for Environmental Valuation a simulation experiment
    Journal of choice modelling, 2013
    Co-Authors: Petr Mariel, Amaya De Ayala, David Hoyos, Sabah Abdullah
    Abstract:

    This paper examines two tests commonly used to select random parameters in choice modelling: the Lagrange Multiplier (LM) test as proposed by McFadden and Train (2000) and the t-statistic of the deviation of the random parameter. A simulation exercise based on a real case study is carried out assuming cross-sectional data and two panel data settings. These data structures together with different distributional assumptions allow an examination of the empirical size and power of the two analysed tests. The key results indicate that the power of these tests depends on the data structure as well as on the spread and type of the parameter distribution. Furthermore, the LM test is the only one with empirical size not significantly different from the theoretical value.

  • selecting random parameters in discrete choice experiment for Environmental Valuation a simulation experiment
    2010
    Co-Authors: Petr Mariel, David Hoyos, Amaya De Ayala Bilbao, Sabah Abdullah
    Abstract:

    This paper examines the various tests commonly used to select random parameters in choice modelling. The most common procedures for selecting random parameters are: the Lagrange Multiplier test as proposed by McFadden and Train (2000), the t-statistic of the deviation of the random parameter and the log-likelihood ratio test. The identification of random parameters in other words the recognition of preference heterogeneity among population is based on the fact that an individual makes a choice depending on her/his: tastes, perceptions and experiences. A simulation experiment was carried out based on a real choice experiment and the results indicated that the power of these three tests depends importantly on the spread and type of the tested parameter distribution.

  • the influence of cultural identity on the wtp to protect natural resources some empirical evidence
    Ecological Economics, 2009
    Co-Authors: David Hoyos, Petr Mariel, Javier Fernandezmacho
    Abstract:

    This paper shows that cultural identity may have considerable influence on the WTP to protect natural resources. The Basque Country, the region with the highest ethnic homogeneity in Europe, serves as an example to illustrate how important this issue can be in the Environmental Valuation of natural resources. The rationale for this influence may be found in the deep roots of the Basque culture, a culture where amalurra (Mother Earth), i.e. the natural environment, has a central role, as studies from diverse disciplines such as anthropology, psychology and political science have shown. A simulated full distribution of the WTP to protect a Basque natural area using a random parameter logit model reveals that mean marginal WTP to protect its Environmental attributes is approximately 43-50% higher if the respondent has children or if she is a climber and 28-33% higher if the cultural identity of the respondent is Basque.

Katrin Rehdanz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • on the Environmental effectiveness of the eu marine strategy framework directive
    Marine Policy, 2013
    Co-Authors: Christine Bertram, Katrin Rehdanz
    Abstract:

    Abstract Marine and coastal ecosystems – and thus the benefits they create for humans – are subject to increasing pressures and competing usages. For this reason, the European Union (EU) adopted the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), which is to guide future maritime policy in the EU and aims at achieving or maintaining a good Environmental status (GES) of European seas by 2020. To this end, the MSFD requires the development of improvement measures, which have to be assessed inter alia by examining their cost-effectiveness and by carrying out cost-benefit analysis (CBA) before their implementation. This paper investigates the applicability of Environmental CBA in the marine context. It identifies and discusses problems that could hamper the Environmental effectiveness of the MSFD. For example, the fact that marine ecosystem services are much less tangible than terrestrial ones implies greater challenges for the quantification of benefits for society in a marine context. One finding is that the limitations of Environmental Valuation methods regarding their ability to capture the whole total economic value of improvement measures are a potential source of problems, as the MSFD allows countries to disregard measures with disproportionately high costs. The trans-boundary nature of the main European seas adds to the complexity of the Valuation task, e.g., due to the danger that benefits that occur outside of national territories are neglected. Moreover, the current state of knowledge on the functioning of complex marine ecosystems and the links to socio-economic impacts and human well-being seem insufficient to meet the MSFD requirements.

  • on the Environmental effectiveness of the eu marine strategy framework directive
    Research Papers in Economics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Christine Bertram, Katrin Rehdanz
    Abstract:

    Marine and coastal ecosystems - and thus the benefits they create for humans - are subject to increasing pressures and competing usages. For this reason, the European Union (EU) adopted the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), which is to guide future maritime policy in the EU and aims at achieving or maintaining a good Environmental status (GES) of the European seas by 2020. To this end, the MSFD requires the development of improvement measures, which have to be assessed inter alia by examining their cost-effectiveness and by carrying out cost-benefit analysis (CBA) before their implementation. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of Environmental CBA in the marine context and identify and discuss problems that may hamper the Environmental effectiveness of the MSFD. For example, marine ecosystem services are much less tangible than terrestrial ecosystem services. This implies greater challenges for the quantification of societal benefits in a marine context. One finding is that the limitations of Environmental Valuation methods regarding their ability to capture the whole total economic value of improvement measures are a potential source of problems, as the MSFD allows countries to disregard measures with disproportionately high costs. The trans-boundary nature of the main European seas adds to the complexity of the Valuation task, e.g. due to the danger that benefits that occur outside of national territories are neglected. Moreover, the current state of knowledge on the functioning of complex marine ecosystems and the links to socio-economic impacts and human well-being seems insufficient to meet the MSFD requirements.