The Experts below are selected from a list of 3945 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Joshua L Clayton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • challenges to recruitment and retention of the state health department epidemiology workforce
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2012
    Co-Authors: Angela J Beck, Matthew L Boulton, Jennifer Lemmings, Joshua L Clayton
    Abstract:

    Background With nearly one quarter of the combined governmental public health workforce eligible for retirement within the next few years, recruitment and retention of workers is a growing concern. Epidemiology has been identified as a potential workforce shortage area in state health departments. Purpose Understanding strategies for recruiting and retaining Epidemiologists may help health departments stabilize their epidemiology workforce. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists conducted a survey, the Epidemiology Capacity Assessment (ECA), of state health departments to identify recruitment and retention factors. Methods The ECA was distributed to 50 states, the District of Columbia (DC), and four U.S. territories in 2009. The 50 states and DC are included in this analysis. The State Epidemiologist completed the organizational-level assessment; health department Epidemiologists completed an individual-level assessment. Data were analyzed in 2010. Results All states responded to the ECA, as did 1544 Epidemiologists. Seventeen percent of Epidemiologists reported intent to retire or change careers in the next 5 years. Ninety percent of states and DC identified state and local government websites, schools of public health, and professional organizations as the most useful recruitment tools. Top recruitment barriers included salary scale, hiring freezes, and ability to offer competitive pay; lack of promotion opportunities and merit raise restrictions were main retention barriers. Conclusions Although the proportion of state health department Epidemiologists intending to retire or change careers during the next 5 years is lower than the estimate for the total state public health workforce, important recruitment and retention barriers for the employees exist.

Lewis H Kuller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • invited commentary the 21st century Epidemiologist a need for different training
    American Journal of Epidemiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Lewis H Kuller
    Abstract:

    The accompanying paper by Ogino et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(8):659-667) cogently suggests a need for including modern approaches like molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) in our research. However, Ogino et al. make an assumption that epidemiology has previously not included pathology or modern technologies in epidemiologic studies and that there is a unique need for the specialty of MPE. The new molecular pathology is yet another technique that can improve epidemiologic investigations. There is a long tradition of combining good pathology with epidemiologic research, especially in studies of cardiovascular disease. Large epidemiologic studies have successfully integrated specialty expertise in a collaborative and mutually beneficial approach to test specific hypotheses. The author is concerned that MPE techniques, whether they involve metabolomics, genomics, proteomics, or microarrays, will come to drive epidemiologic studies without any specific hypothesis-testing or unique population characteristics. The Epidemiologist would then become little more than a collector of study subjects and a distributor of the various specimens to the laboratories.

Carol Hanchette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Tim E Carpenter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • spatial analytical methods and geographic information systems use in health research and epidemiology
    Epidemiologic Reviews, 1999
    Co-Authors: Dale A Moore, Tim E Carpenter
    Abstract:

    Person, place, time: these are the basic elements of outbreak investigations and epidemiology. Historically, however, the focus in epidemiologic research has been on person and time, with little regard for the implications of place or space even though disease mapping has been done for over a hundred years. The development of geographic information systems (GISs) over the last 20 years has provided a more powerful and rapid ability to examine spatial patterns and processes. This, in turn, has fostered the discussion of such policyrelevant issues as health services and planning (1), as well as the use of GISs for epidemiologic investigations and disease surveillance. Methods of spatial analysis are given little, if any, introduction in modern epidemiology texts, and few Epidemiologists have ventured further than making dot or choropleth maps, or listing geographic units along with rates of disease in tabular form (2-6). Spatial patterns are frequently intricate and complex, while most spatial methods used by Epidemiologists can capture or identify only gross, simplistic patterns (2). Epidemiologists understand that disease processes have an historical (time) component, and formal methods of time series and hazard analyses are well-developed to study them. Few, however, recognize that every epidemic also has a geography (space). Some Epidemiologists may not be aware that evaluation of the spatial distribution of measures of disease risk may provide etiologic insight. The logic of using geography to study disease or health care is derived from appreciation of factors causing non-uniformity of disease distribution (2). These fac-

Mark E White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Laboratory Epidemiologist: Skilled Partner in Field Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance in Kenya
    Journal of Public Health Policy, 2008
    Co-Authors: M Kariuki Njenga, Denise Traicoff, Christopher Tetteh, Sopiato Likimani, Joseph Oundo, Robert Breiman, Jack Nyamongo, Heather Burke, Peter Nsubuga, Mark E White
    Abstract:

    Although for over 20 years the Field Epidemiology Training Programs (FETPs) have provided a model for building epidemiology capacity in Ministries of Health worldwide, the model does not address laboratory training and its integration with epidemiology. To overcome this, Kenya added a laboratory management component in 2004, creating the first field epidemiology and laboratory training program (FELTP) to train both medical and laboratory Epidemiologists. Laboratory management and epidemiology candidates were recruited from among degree-holding scientists at the Ministry of Health and trained in both applied epidemiology and laboratory management using a combination of short courses and extensive field placements. The course generated a cohort of laboratory Epidemiologists with demonstrated capacity in disease surveillance and management of outbreaks. Early indicators suggest programmatic success: the start of laboratory-based disease reporting and better laboratory involvement in outbreak responses.

  • the role of the applied Epidemiologist in armed conflict
    Emerging Themes in Epidemiology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Sharon M Mcdonnell, Mark E White, Paul Bolton, Nadine Sunderland, Ben Bellows, Eric Noji
    Abstract:

    Applied Epidemiologists are increasingly working in areas of insecurity and active conflict to define the health risks, suggest feasible means to reduce these risks and, monitor the capacity and reconstruction of the public health system. In 2001, The Carter Center and the United States Institute for Peace sponsored a conference within which "Violence and Health" was discussed and a working group on applied epidemiology formed. The group was tasked to describe the skills that are essential to effective functioning in these settings and thereby provide guidance to the applied epidemiology training programs. We conducted a literature review and consultation of a convenience sample of practitioners of applied epidemiology with experience in conflict areas. The health programs designed to prevent and mitigate conflict are in their early stages of implementation and the evaluation measures for success are still being defined. The practice of epidemiology in conflict must occur within a larger humanitarian and political context to be effective. The skills required extend beyond the normal epidemiological training that focuses on the valid collection and interpretation of data and fall into two general categories: (1) Conducting a thorough assessment of the conflict setting in order to design more effective public health action in conflict settings, and (2) Communicating effectively to guide health program implementation, to advocate for needed policy changes and to facilitate interagency coordination. These are described and illustrated using examples from different countries.