The Experts below are selected from a list of 101925 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M Lang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the taku glacier alaska 1950 2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×108 m3 a−1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3 a−1. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere Discussions, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Velocity measured over a twelve month span and annual summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux is 5.50×108 m3/a (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3/a. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a −1 . This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a −1 , and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×10 8 m 3 a −1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×10 8 m 3 a −1 . The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
Mauri S. Pelto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the taku glacier alaska 1950 2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×108 m3 a−1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3 a−1. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere Discussions, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Velocity measured over a twelve month span and annual summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux is 5.50×108 m3/a (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3/a. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a −1 . This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a −1 , and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×10 8 m 3 a −1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×10 8 m 3 a −1 . The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
Robert K Niven - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
minimization of a free energy like potential for non Equilibrium Flow systems at steady state
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 2010Co-Authors: Robert K NivenAbstract:This study examines a new formulation of non-Equilibrium thermodynamics, which gives a conditional derivation of the ‘maximum entropy production’ (MEP) principle for Flow and/or chemical reaction systems at steady state. The analysis uses a dimensionless potential function ϕst for non-Equilibrium systems, analogous to the free energy concept of Equilibrium thermodynamics. Spontaneous reductions in ϕst arise from increases in the ‘flux entropy’ of the system—a measure of the variability of the fluxes—or in the local entropy production; conditionally, depending on the behaviour of the flux entropy, the formulation reduces to the MEP principle. The inferred steady state is also shown to exhibit high variability in its instantaneous fluxes and rates, consistent with the observed behaviour of turbulent fluid Flow, heat convection and biological systems; one consequence is the coexistence of energy producers and consumers in ecological systems. The different paths for attaining steady state are also classified.
S. R. Mcgee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the taku glacier alaska 1950 2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×108 m3 a−1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3 a−1. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere Discussions, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Velocity measured over a twelve month span and annual summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux is 5.50×108 m3/a (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3/a. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a −1 . This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a −1 , and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×10 8 m 3 a −1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×10 8 m 3 a −1 . The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
G. W. Adema - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the taku glacier alaska 1950 2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×108 m3 a−1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3 a−1. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere Discussions, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Velocity measured over a twelve month span and annual summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a−1. This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a−1, and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux is 5.50×108 m3/a (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×108 m3/a. The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.
-
The Equilibrium Flow and mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska 1950–2006
The Cryosphere, 2008Co-Authors: Mauri S. Pelto, S. R. Mcgee, G. W. Adema, M. J. Beedle, Kenneth F. Sprenke, M M Miller, M LangAbstract:Abstract. The Taku Glacier, Alaska has advanced 7.5 km since the late nineteenth century, while all other primary outlet glaciers of the Juneau Icefield are in retreat. The Juneau Icefield Research Program has completed field work on the Taku Glacier annually since 1946. The collected observations of surface mass balance, glacier velocity and glacier thickness at Profile IV 29 km above the terminus and 4 km above the Equilibrium line provide a means to assess the Equilibrium nature of the Taku Glacier. Annual velocity measured and summer velocity measurements completed at a Profile IV from 1950–2006 indicate insignificant variations in velocity seasonally or from year to year. The consistency of velocity over the 56-year period indicates that in the vicinity of the Equilibrium line, the Flow of the Taku Glacier has been in an Equilibrium state. Surface mass balance was positive from 1946–1988 averaging +0.42 m a −1 . This led to glacier thickening. From 1988–2006 an important change has occurred and annual balance has been −0.14 m a −1 , and the glacier thickness has ceased increasing along Profile IV. Field measurements of ice depth and surface velocity allow calculation of the volume flux at Profile IV. Volume flux is then compared with the surface balance flux from the region of the glacier above Profile IV, determined annually in the field. Above Profile IV the observed mean surface flux from 1950–2006 is 5.50×10 8 m 3 a −1 (±5%), while the calculated volume flux range for the same period Flowing through profile IV is 5.00–5.47×10 8 m 3 a −1 . The mean surface flux has been greater than the volume flux, which has led to slow thickening of the Taku Glacier up to 1988. The thickening has not led to a change in the Flow of Taku Glacier at Profile IV.