The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joachim Maier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ionic and electronic carriers in solids—physical and chemical views of the Equilibrium Situation
Solid State Ionics, 2001Co-Authors: Joachim MaierAbstract:Abstract Similarities and differences between ions and electrons for Equilibrium Situations relevant in the field of solid state ionics are highlighted. The Situations considered are specified according to the degree of interaction, distance from interfaces and sample size. While differences mainly become obvious in kinetic properties such as mobilities, in Equilibrium, there is—apart from the density of states and its sensitivity with respect to confinement effects—a far-reaching isomorphism for both types of carriers. While treating electronic carriers in the framework of defect-chemical conception is state-of-the-art, the meaning and usefulness of the ‘physical picture’ (energy level diagrams) for the description of the ionic carrier effects is explored.
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ionic and electronic carriers in solids physical and chemical views of the Equilibrium Situation
Solid State Ionics, 2001Co-Authors: Joachim MaierAbstract:Abstract Similarities and differences between ions and electrons for Equilibrium Situations relevant in the field of solid state ionics are highlighted. The Situations considered are specified according to the degree of interaction, distance from interfaces and sample size. While differences mainly become obvious in kinetic properties such as mobilities, in Equilibrium, there is—apart from the density of states and its sensitivity with respect to confinement effects—a far-reaching isomorphism for both types of carriers. While treating electronic carriers in the framework of defect-chemical conception is state-of-the-art, the meaning and usefulness of the ‘physical picture’ (energy level diagrams) for the description of the ionic carrier effects is explored.
B. Kämpfer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermal particle production at SIS
Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, 1999Co-Authors: Gy. Wolf, H. W. Barz, B. KämpferAbstract:Abstract In a transport model calculation we study some of the basic assumptions of thermal models, We find that at SIS energies the particles are mainly produced in a highly non-Equilibrium Situation, At freeze-out only nucleons are thermalized.
Consuelo Pizarro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multiple solid-phase microextraction in a non-Equilibrium Situation. Application in quantitative analysis of chlorophenols and chloroanisoles related to cork taint in wine.
Journal of chromatography. A, 2005Co-Authors: Almudena Martínez-uruñuela, José Maria González-sáiz, Consuelo PizarroAbstract:Multiple HS-solid-phase microextraction (MHS-SPME) is a modification of SPME developed for quantitative analysis that avoids possible matrix effects based on an exhaustive analyte extraction from the sample. In this paper, the theory of this process associated with a non-Equilibrium Situation has been presented. The application of an optimised HS-SPME-based method in the analysis of chloroanisoles and chlorophenols, previously acetylated, associated with the occurrence of cork taint in different red, white and rosé wine samples, has revealed the existence of matrix effects. This fact determines the choice of standard addition as the adequate technique for the quantification of these compounds in real samples. MHS-SPME is proposed as a good alternative technique with respect to HS-SPME because it avoids matrix effects, simplifies the quantification of these compounds in real samples and reduces analysis time, providing sensitivity below chloroanisole sensory threshold with acceptable precision.
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Multiple solid-phase microextraction in a non-Equilibrium Situation. Application in quantitative analysis of chlorophenols and chloroanisoles related to cork taint in wine.
Journal of Chromatography A, 2005Co-Authors: Almudena Martínez-uruñuela, José Maria González-sáiz, Consuelo PizarroAbstract:Multiple HS-solid-phase microextraction (MHS-SPME) is a modification of SPME developed for quantitative analysis that avoids possible matrix effects based on an exhaustive analyte extraction from the sample. In this paper, the theory of this process associated with a non-Equilibrium Situation has been presented. The application of an optimised HS-SPME-based method in the analysis of chloroanisoles and chlorophenols, previously acetylated, associated with the occurrence of cork taint in different red, white and rose wine samples, has revealed the existence of matrix effects. This fact determines the choice of standard addition as the adequate technique for the quantification of these compounds in real samples. MHS-SPME is proposed as a good alternative technique with respect to HS-SPME because it avoids matrix effects, simplifies the quantification of these compounds in real samples and reduces analysis time, providing sensitivity below chloroanisole sensory threshold with acceptable precision.
Yuesi Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A one-compartment model to study soil carbon decomposition rate at Equilibrium Situation
Ecological Modelling, 2002Co-Authors: Xin Yang, Mingxing Wang, Yao Huang, Yuesi WangAbstract:Abstract Based on world-wide observed soil carbon density data and model-simulated net primary production (NPP), we obtained a one-compartment model directly calculating average soil carbon respiration rate and soil carbon density at Equilibrium Situation. Our formulation shows that the average decomposition rate of soil organic matter, both at dry and wet soil condition, is particularly sensitive to moisture/precipitation changes and it is also sensitive to temperature. The data show that, at wet soil condition, decomposition rate decreases with moisture increasing, while at dry soil condition, it increases with moisture increasing. These results are consistent with previous studies. The temperature effect on soil respiration rate is evident, with Q10=1.7. The model has a good resolution to describe soil carbon densities at various vegetation types in the Holdridge life ecosystem classification system. Results show that the highest soil carbon densities occur in rain forest/tundra, while the lowest values in deserts and the highest soil respiration rates occur in wet forest/tundra but not in rain forest/tundra, while the lowest rates occur in desert. The calculated present terrestrial carbon pool is ≈1200 PgC. On the basis of model results, some recent conclusions indicating that soil organic carbon decomposition does not vary with temperature should be revised. The soil respiration rates are highly dependent on the combined effects of temperature and precipitation, but not any individual effect. High precipitation rate or soil moisture will greatly prevent soil organic matter from decomposition.
Aditi Mitra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transient Orthogonality Catastrophe in a Time-Dependent NonEquilibrium Environment
Physical Review Letters, 2014Co-Authors: Marco Schiró, Aditi MitraAbstract:We study the response of a highly-excited time dependent quantum many-body state to a sudden local perturbation, a sort of orthogonality catastrophe problem in a transient non-Equilibrium environment. To this extent we consider, as key quantity, the overlap between time dependent wave-functions, that we write in terms of a novel two-time correlator generalizing the standard Loschmidt Echo. We discuss its physical meaning, general properties, and its connection with experimentally measurable quantities probed through non-Equilibrium Ramsey interferometry schemes. Then we present explicit calculations for a one dimensional interacting Fermi system brought out of Equilibrium by a sudden change of the interaction, and perturbed by the switching on of a local static potential. We show that different scattering processes give rise to remarkably different behaviors at long times, quite opposite from the Equilibrium Situation. In particular, while the forward scattering contribution retains its power law structure even in the presence of a large non-Equilibrium perturbation, with an exponent that is strongly affected by the transient nature of the bath, the backscattering term is a source of non-linearity which generates an exponential decay in time of the Loschmidt Echo, reminiscent of an effective thermal behavior.